1,720,979 research outputs found
Eliminating Trauma Gatekeeping: Racial Trauma as a Mental Health Crisis
No full textRace based stress, also known as racial trauma, is defined as significant distress due to real or perceived racial discrimination. These can include threats to harm and/or injure, shaming and humiliation, and being witness to either behavior towards other minority persons that caused distress due to real or perceived racism (Carter, 2007). Major psychological institutions have yet to efficiently address the sociopolitical contexts which are relevant to confront and alleviate symptoms of insidious racial trauma, leaving clinicians and consumers at a loss. This study provides a multifaceted analysis of policy, institutional powers, media exposure, previous research and theories, and various voices within clinical psychology to explore insidious racial trauma as an urgent mental health crisis. From this analysis, the purpose of this study is to argue that by denying and ignoring racism and race-based stress as trauma, institutions of psychology are creating additional hurdles for Black Indigenous People of Color (BIPOC) to receive important facets of care. Some non-government organizations and advocacy voices have emerged to acknowledge the issues surrounding racial trauma, while major psychological institutions have fallen short of even acknowledging racial trauma. Future research directions should focus on developing more valid and reliable measures of racial trauma, while avoiding pathologizing BIPOC even further. The very frameworks used by these major institutions, such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) must be challenged to provide more inclusive perceptions of trauma in diagnoses, and thus create straightforward pathways to equitable treatment and care for those who experience insidious racial trauma
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The dilemmas of politically sensitive medicalised approaches to reducing youth violence in Pelotas, Brazil
No full text2009Béhague, DP. “.” In Youth Violence in Latin America: Gangs and Juvenile Justice in Perspective. G. Jones and D. Rodgers. New York, Palgrave Macmillan. Institute for Latin American Studies series
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Growth monitoring and the promotion of breastfeeding
No full textRecent studies evaluating the efficacy of growth monitoring programs have scrutinized their educational and preventive capabilities. Advocates claim that growth monitoring can be effective if communities and mothers are more actively involved in the process of weighing and measuring, and if the technology is understood by all as an aid for disease prevention and health promotion rather than as a 'curative' procedure. Others have argued that this theory is rarely possible to implement. The ways in which preventive growth monitoring can be made possible are still under exploration, given that the reasons for such deeply imbedded 'curative' expectations of growth monitoring are not fully understood. Any such understanding requires an analysis of growth monitoring within the context of the GOBI (growth monitoring, oral rehydration therapy, breastfeeding and immunization) child survival framework. To attain this type of understanding, a series of qualitative methodological techniques were used in a population of 50 mothers and several health care facilities in Pelotas, RS, Brazil, as a complement to pre-existing epidemiological data from the Center for Epidemiology at the Federal University of Pelotas. With a subsample of 15 mothers, intensive interviews and observations were specifically focused on: (1) mothers' understanding of growth monitoring, (2) breastfeeding practices and beliefs, (3) doctor-patient communication. Findings from this study suggest that, even in a program with widespread attendance and a relatively 'interactive' growth monitoring approach, the use of growth charts do little to promote duration or frequency of breastfeeding, and may even pay a role in the factors which deter women from choosing to breastfeed for longer durations or with greater frequency. We found that mothers' personal interpretations of the charts were representative of the larger socio-cultural and economic issues that affected their lives on a daily basis. Growth charts thus served as one of the many tangible domains onto which mothers could project their worries and measure their personal 'successes' and 'failures'.breastfeeding growth monitoring weaning culturally-appropriate primary health care Brazil
Growth monitoring and the promotion of breastfeeding
No full textRecent studies evaluating the efficacy of growth monitoring programs have scrutinized their educational and preventive capabilities. Advocates claim that growth monitoring can be effective if communities and mothers are more actively involved in the process of weighing and measuring, and if the technology is understood by all as an aid for disease prevention and health promotion rather than as a ‘curative’ procedure. Others have argued that this theory is rarely possible to implement. The ways in which preventive growth monitoring can be made possible are still under exploration, given that the reasons for such deeply imbedded ‘curative’ expectations of growth monitoring are not fully understood. Any such understanding requires an analysis of growth monitoring within the context of the GOBI (growth monitoring, oral rehydration therapy, breastfeeding and immunization) child survival framework.To attain this type of understanding, a series of qualitative methodological techniques were used in a population of 50 mothers and several health care facilities in Pelotas, RS, Brazil, as a complement to pre-existing epidemiological data from the Center for Epidemiology at the Federal University of Pelotas. With a subsample of 15 mothers, intensive interviews and observations were specifically focused on: (1) mothers' understanding of growth monitoring, (2) breastfeeding practices and beliefs, (3) doctor-patient communication. Findings from this study suggest that, even in a program with widespread attendance and a relatively ‘interactive’ growth monitoring approach, the use of growth charts do little to promote duration or frequency of breastfeeding, and may even pay a role in the factors which deter women from choosing to breastfeed for longer durations or with greater frequency. We found that mothers' personal interpretations of the charts were representative of the larger socio-cultural and economic issues that affected their lives on a daily basis. Growth charts thus served as one of the many tangible domains onto which mothers could project their worries and measure their personal ‘successes’ and ‘failures’
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