1,720,962 research outputs found
High-density lipoproteins (HDL). Diagnostic and therapeutic implications in COVID 19.
No full textLes lipoprotéines de haute densité (HDL) sont essentielles pour une bonne santé cardiovasculaire, grâce notamment à leur transport « inverse » du cholestérol des tissus périphériques au foie pour son élimination. En plus, les HDL exercent de nombreuses autres activités bénéfiques à la fois de type anti-inflammatoire, antioxydant et anti-infectieux. Lors de situations inflammatoires, comme celles rencontrées lors d'infections virales, les HDL peuvent subir des altérations tant quantitatives de baisse de concentration circulantes que qualitatives, comme la modification de composition et perte d'activités protectrices. L'humanité fait toujours face à la maladie au coronavirus (COVID-19) caractérisée par une inflammation aiguë et à l'origine de plus de 6,9 millions de morts dans le monde à ce jour. Aussi, mon travail de thèse a visé la caractérisation des modifications tant quantitative que qualitative des HDL durant la COVID-19, l'identification de biomarqueurs spécifiques de modifications retrouvées dans ces HDL et l'essai thérapeutique d'une supplémentation en HDL mimétique au cours de cette maladie. La quantification des lipoprotéines circulantes dans le plasma de patients atteints de COVID-19 sévère montre une diminution importante d'HDL et d'autres lipoprotéines pouvant constituer autant de biomarqueurs prédictifs de sévérité de la maladie. L'analyse de la distribution des lipoprotéines montre un profil pro-athérogène avec notamment la présence de lipoprotéines de basses densités (LDL) petites et denses dans les plasmas des patients atteints de COVID-19 sévère. L'analyse qualitative par spectrométrie de masse de la composition tant des HDL que des LDL, montre une présence accrue en protéines de la phase aiguë de l'inflammation au détriment de la partie apoprotéïque de ces lipoprotéines quand elles sont isolées de plasma de patients atteints de COVID-19. Testées sur des cellules endothéliales humaines issues de culture primaire, les HDL présentent une altération significative de leurs propriétés anti-apoptotique et anti‑inflammatoire, lorsqu'elles sont purifiées à partir de plasma de patients atteints de COVID‑19. Enfin, des propriétés anti-inflammatoires d'injections d'HDL recombinantes ont pu être mises en évidence chez une patiente admise en réanimation et souffrant d'une forme grave de COVID-19. Pour conclure, mon travail de thèse apporte quelques éléments nouveaux de connaissance sur les modifications des lipoprotéines lors de maladie infectieuse, en l'occurrence la COVID-19. Il ouvre aussi des perspectives prometteuses de recherches pour l'utilisation des HDL à la fois comme biomarqueur de sévérité de maladie inflammatoire que comme moyen de lutte thérapeutique.High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are crucial for maintaining good cardiovascular health due to their ability to transport cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver for elimination via a "reverse transport of cholesterol” mechanism. Moreover, HDL exhibits several other advantageous properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-infectious activities. In inflammatory situations, such as those encountered during viral infections, HDL can undergo both quantitative alterations, with a drop in circulating concentration, and qualitative alterations, such as a change in composition and loss of protective activities. Humanity is still struggling with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), characterized by acute inflammation and responsible for over 6.9 million deaths worldwide to date. The aim of my thesis was to characterize the quantitative and qualitative changes in HDL during COVID-19, to identify specific biomarkers of the changes found in HDL, and to conduct a therapeutic trial of HDL mimetic supplementation during this disease. Quantification of circulating lipoproteins in the plasma of patients with severe COVID 19 shows a significant decrease in HDL and other lipoproteins, which may be predictive biomarkers of disease severity. Analysis of lipoprotein distribution shows a pro-atherogenic profile, with the presence of small, dense low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in the plasmas of patients with severe COVID-19. Qualitative mass spectrometry analysis of the composition of both HDL and LDL showed an increased presence of proteins from the acute phase of inflammation, to the detriment of the apoprotein part of these lipoproteins when isolated from the plasma of COVID-19 patients. When tested on human endothelial cells from primary culture, HDL demonstrated a significant alteration in their anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties when purified from the plasma of COVID-19 patients. Finally, the anti-inflammatory properties of recombinant HDL injections were demonstrated in a patient admitted to intensive care with a severe form of COVID-19. In conclusion, my thesis work provides some new insights into lipoprotein modifications during infectious disease, in this case COVID-19. It also opens up promising prospects for research into the use of HDL both as a biomarker of inflammatory disease severity and as a means of therapeutic control
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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