41 research outputs found
Into the archives: critiquing White feminism through the work of Katinka Heyns
No full textIn chapter 10 Lizelle Bisschoff looks at South African filmmaker Katinka Heyns (b. 1947) and
uses it as a vehicle to both describe the history of Afrikaans women filmmakers but also to critique the roles of White women in the country’s film industry. A focus on the role of women reveals the silences and absences left by the apartheid system that ravaged the country for the best part of the last century: the voices of Black South Africans are rare, and those of Black women virtually absent. With a study of Die Storie van Klara Viljee (The Story of Klara Viljee, 1991), the author here inscribes South Africa’s complex and contentious socio-political history with gendered and racial consideration. Heyns’ oeuvre, considered from a feminist perspective, prompts us to recognise White feminism, and the place of race in genderpolitics and debates
Frozen swamp to socio-political hot air : Astrid Väring - conservative author on the Swedish welfare state
No full textThe dissertation takes as its starting-point the dichotomies between origin and modernity, periphery and centre. This is particularly the case in Astrid Väring’s novels Frosten (1926) and Vintermyren (1927), in which the author pays tribute to the homestead and the rural community in contrast to the industrial community, whilst her novels also express an ambivalent attitude towards modernity. Astrid Väring bases her works on a Norrland literary tradition, which often stood in opposition to the central power despite being dependent on it. In this respect, a similarity with postcolonialism is evident. Access to a wealth of archive material, which has not previously been used in literary scholastic research, has resulted in a natural combination of a biographical method and socio-literary reading. When analysing the novels, the same external circumstances that had signifi cance for the author when the work was drafted, for example economic, social and political conditions, have therefore been taken into account. With reference to the novel Katinka (1942), the view of popular literature during the 1940s is dealt with. The pejorative view, prevalent in those days, is compared with a contemporary understanding of it. Today, neither the canon nor popular literature stand out as particularly homogeneous categories. Katinka was written at the start of the Second World War. A comparison is made in the dissertation between Vilhelm Moberg’s Rid i natt! (Ride this Night) (1941) and Katinka in order to ascertain the novels’ attitude towards the offi cial Swedish position of neutrality. In Ride this Night rebellion against the enemy is encouraged, in Katinka a cautious, wait and see attitude is urged. I som här inträden… (1944) is a novel with a purpose. In this novel Astrid Väring directs a harsh attack against the mental health care at Swedish mental hospitals. The dissertation contains a genre discussion concerning the various genres related to the novel with a purpose, for example roman à thèse. It can be concluded that theoretical work concerning the novel with a purpose is rare. But, when the issue pursued in the novel is no longer relevant, the novel with a purpose is often destined to be forgotten. Furthermore, Astrid Väring had the bad luck of falling in the shadow of Sara Lidman’s modernistic West-Bothnian accounts of the 1950s, which contributed to the fact that her entire works quickly fell into oblivion. This dissertation is the fi rst scholastic work on Astrid Väring’s works.digitalisering@um
Logical Analysis of Biological Data
No full textMethods and models of machine learning have become indispensable for the analysis
and interpretation of big data sets in the biomedical field. This work focuses on the
machine learning method Logical Analysis of Data (LAD), which combines concepts from
combinatorics, Boolean functions and optimization. LAD is based on the generation of
patterns. These patterns are used to communicate relevant information and form theories,
which are the classifiers for the prediction of new data points. This thesis makes contributions
to practice, theory and applications of LAD.
With regards to LAD practice, we present the design and development of our freely available
software package AnswerSetLAD. In the implementation we make use of the declarative
programming paradigm Answer Set Programming (ASP), which is oriented towards difficult
combinatorial search and optimization problems. For that reason, it provides a perfectly
suited framework for the LAD functionalities. In this thesis, we substantiate this statement
with an empirical study on the running time of our ASP approach and a state-of-the-art
Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) approach for the generation of maximal patterns,
which are a specific type of LAD patterns.
We present two theoretical advancements of LAD concerning prime patterns. This pattern
type plays a key role in the LAD method. Firstly, we propose an algorithm for the enumeration
of all prime patterns of a data set. The algorithm is preferable to classical methods in the
case that the data set has a small maximal Hamming distance between the two classes of
data points. Secondly, we investigate theories formed of prime patterns. Since the number
of such prime theories for a data set is large in general, we define a statistical measure that
can be used to rank prime patterns and, based on this, select those prime patterns that are
more significant than others to form a theory.
Finally, we illustrate two biological applications of LAD. In the first application, we use prime
patterns to successfully identify protein interactions in a cell signaling network based on
perturbation measurement data. The second application is located in the field of synthetic
biology. Here we outline our approach of Boolean classifier generation out of miRNA data.
These classifiers can be used for the assembly of in-vitro synthetic cell circuits to distinguish
healthy from cancerous tissue.Maschinelle Lernverfahren und Modelle sind für die Analyse und Interpretation großer
Datensätze im biomedizinischen Bereich unverzichtbar geworden. In dieser Arbeit befassen
wir uns mit der Logischen Analyse von Daten (LAD), einer Methode für maschinelles Lernen.
LAD vereint Konzepte aus Kombinatorik, Booleschen Funktionen und Optimierung und
basiert auf der Erzeugung von Mustern. Diese Muster werden dazu verwendet relevante
Informationen zu kommunizieren und Theorien zu bilden, welche dazu genutzt werden
können Vorhersagen für neue Datenpunkte zu treffen. Diese Arbeit liefert Beiträge zu Praxis,
Theorie und Anwendungen von LAD.
Im praktischen Teil der Arbeit stellen wir das Design und die Entwicklung unseres frei
zugänglichen Software-Pakets AnswerSetLAD vor. Für die Implementierung nutzen wir das
deklarative Programmierparadigma Answer Set Programming (ASP), welches auf schwierige
kombinatorische Such- und Optimierungsprobleme ausgerichtet ist. Aus diesem Grund bietet
es einen perfekt geeigneten Rahmen für die Implementierung der LAD Funktionalitäten. Wir
untermauern diese Aussage innerhalb dieser Arbeit mit einem empirischen Vergleich zur
Laufzeit unseres ASP und eines aktuell gebräuchlichen Mixed-Integer Linear Programming
(MILP) Ansatzes zur Erzeugung maximaler Muster, einem speziellen Typ von LAD Mustern.
Wir präsentieren zwei theoretische Weiterentwicklungen bezüglich Primmustern in LAD.
Dieser Mustertyp spielt eine zentrale Rolle in der LAD Methode. Zunächst schlagen wir einen
Algorithmus zur Aufzählung aller Primmuster eines Datensatzes vor, welcher besonders in
dem Fall eine geringere Laufzeit als klassische Methoden aufweist, in dem der Datensatz
einen kleinen maximalen Hamming-Abstand zwischen den beiden Klassen von Datenpunkten
hat. Außerdem untersuchen wir Theorien, die aus Primmustern aufgebaut sind. Die Anzahl
solcher Primtheorien für einen Datensatz ist im Allgemeinen groß. Wir definieren ein
statistisches Maß, das es ermöglicht, bestimmte sinnvolle Theorien aus der Menge der
Primtheorien auszuwählen.
Abschließend zeigen wir zwei biologische Anwendungen von LAD. In der ersten Anwendung
nutzen wir erfolgreich Primmuster um die Proteininteraktionen in einem Zellsignalnetzwerk
basierend auf einem Perturbationsexperiment zu bestimmen. Die zweite Anwendung ist in
der synthetischen Biologie angesiedelt. Hier erläutern wir unseren Ansatz zur Bestimmung
Boolescher Klassifikatoren aus miRNA Daten. Diese Klassifikatoren können anschließend
dazu genutzt werden um in-vitro synthetische Zellschaltkreise zu erzeugen, die gesundes
von krebsbefallenem Gewebe unterscheiden können
Katinka Daniel: Her life and her contributions to Kodaly pedagogy in the United States.
No full textKatinka Scipiades Daniel (b. 1913) was raised and educated in Hungary. She graduated from the Franz Liszt Music Academy with degrees in piano performance and music education and earned the Absolutorium in art history pedagogy from the Pazmany Peter University. Daniel was teaching music in the Budapest schools at the time the music education program in Hungary was changed to align with the educational philosophy of Zoltan Kodaly. Jeno Adam, author of the first Kodaly-approach curriculum, mentored Daniel during her teaching tenure in Hungary.Daniel has traveled extensively and presented the Kodaly approach at the invitation of universities, schools, and music education groups. Participants in her classes have expressed admiration for Daniel's knowledge, materials, and positive influence on music education in the United States. She has been the recipient of many honors and awards from individuals and organizations who recognize her positive contributions to music education.The data from this study was gathered from historical accounts of the Kodaly approach in Hungary and in the United States, interviews with Daniel, questionnaires distributed to Daniel's students and colleages, and Daniel's personal papers. The conclusions from the data analysis suggest Daniel has contributed to the music education profession in the United States in two ways. She has influenced hundreds of individuals, inspiring them to become master musicians and teachers, and she has created and published an adaptation of the Kodaly approach for the United States in wide use today. Daniel has been teaching and writing in the United States since 1960 and continues her work today.In 1960 Daniel came to the United States and settled in Santa Barbara. She began developing an American adaptation of Jeno Adam's curriculum, collecting American folk songs and games and choosing key songs from the culture to present musical concepts. Daniel field tested her method at the San Roque school in Santa Barbara for ten years. Adam and Kodaly examined her collection and approved her work
FGFR2 amplification in colorectal adenocarcinoma
No full textFGFR2 is recurrently amplified in 5% of gastric cancers and 1%–4% of breast cancers; however, this molecular alteration has never been reported in a primary colorectal cancer specimen. Preclinical studies indicate that several FGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as AZD4547, have in vitro activity against the FGFR2-amplified colorectal cell line, NCI-H716. The efficacy of these inhibitors is currently under investigation in clinical trials for breast and gastric cancer. Thus, better characterizing colorectal tumors for FGFR2 amplification could identify a subset of patients who may benefit from FGFR TKI therapies. Here, we describe a novel FGFR2 amplification identified by clinical next-generation sequencing in a primary colorectal cancer. Further characterization of the tumor by immunohistochemistry showed neuroendocrine differentiation, similar to the reported properties of the NCI-H716 cell line. These findings demonstrate that the spectrum of potentially clinically actionable mutations detected by targeted clinical sequencing panels is not limited to only single-nucleotide polymorphisms and insertions/deletions but also to copy-number alterations.</jats:p
The Structural Behaviour of Bundled Glass Columns: Finite Element Modelling and Experimental Validation
No full textResearchers of TU Delft have been designing and engineering with columns created out of multiple glass rods that are bundled together to form a single column. These aesthetically attractive and slender columns were tested to ensure safety before implementation in the real structure: the Glass Truss Bridge located at the campus of the university. However, the ultimate capacity and structural behaviour of such columns remained unknown. In this studies the structural behaviour of two designs of such columns is researched. It appeared that, among others, the differences in length between the rods within the columns caused an unequal distribution of stresses. This resulted in a large range of ultimate capacities of bundled glass columns that were designed according to the same design principles. Using a special approach in finite element modelling of the glass until failure, furthermore, resulted in more thorough knowledge regarding the failure behaviour of glass and the best way to model this behaviour.Civil Engineering | Structural Engineerin
Från den västerbottniska frostmyren till den socialpolitiska hetluften: [Elektronisk resurs] : Astrid Väring - konservativ författare i Folkhemmets Sverige
No full textThe dissertation takes as its starting-point the dichotomies between origin and modernity, periphery and centre. This is particularly the case in Astrid Väring’s novels Frosten (1926) and Vintermyren (1927), in which the author pays tribute to the homestead and the rural community in contrast to the industrial community, whilst her novels also express an ambivalent attitude towards modernity. Astrid Väring bases her works on a Norrland literary tradition, which often stood in opposition to the central power despite being dependent on it. In this respect, a similarity with postcolonialism is evident.Access to a wealth of archive material, which has not previously been used in literary scholastic research, has resulted in a natural combination of a biographical method and socio-literary reading. When analysing the novels, the same external circumstances that had signifi cance for the author when the work was drafted, for example economic, social and political conditions, have therefore been taken into account.With reference to the novel Katinka (1942), the view of popular literature during the 1940s is dealt with. The pejorative view, prevalent in those days, is compared with a contemporary understanding of it. Today, neither the canon nor popular literature stand out as particularly homogeneous categories. Katinka was written at the start of the Second World War. A comparison is made in the dissertation between Vilhelm Moberg’s Rid i natt! (Ride this Night) (1941) and Katinka in order to ascertain the novels’ attitude towards the offi cial Swedish position of neutrality. In Ride this Night rebellion against the enemy is encouraged, in Katinka a cautious, wait and see attitude is urged.I som här inträden… (1944) is a novel with a purpose. In this novel Astrid Väring directs a harsh attack against the mental health care at Swedish mental hospitals. The dissertation contains a genre discussion concerning the various genres related to the novel with a purpose, for example roman à thèse. It can be concluded that theoretical work concerning the novel with a purpose is rare. But, when the issue pursued in the novel is no longer relevant, the novel with a purpose is often destined to be forgotten. Furthermore, Astrid Väring had the bad luck of falling in the shadow of Sara Lidman’s modernistic West-Bothnian accounts of the 1950s, which contributed to the fact that her entire works quickly fell into oblivion. This dissertation is the fi rst scholastic work on Astrid Väring’s works.</p
Characterization of the Filovirus-Resistant Cell Line SH-SY5Y Reveals Redundant Role of Cell Surface Entry Factors
No full textFiloviruses infect a wide range of cell types with the exception of lymphocytes. The intracellular proteins cathepsin B and L, two-pore channel 1 and 2, and bona fide receptor Niemann-Pick Disease C1 (NPC1) are essential for the endosomal phase of cell entry. However, earlier steps of filoviral infection remain poorly characterized. Numerous plasma membrane proteins have been implicated in attachment but it is still unclear which ones are sufficient for productive entry. To define a minimal set of host factors required for filoviral glycoprotein-driven cell entry, we screened twelve cell lines and identified the nonlymphocytic cell line SH-SY5Y to be specifically resistant to filovirus infection. Heterokaryons of SH-SY5Y cells fused to susceptible cells were susceptible to filoviruses, indicating that SH-SY5Y cells do not express a restriction factor but lack an enabling factor critical for filovirus entry. However, all tested cell lines expressed functional intracellular factors. Global gene expression profiling of known cell surface entry factors and protein expression levels of analyzed attachment factors did not reveal any correlation between susceptibility and expression of a specific host factor. Using binding assays with recombinant filovirus glycoprotein, we identified cell attachment as the step impaired in filovirus entry in SH-SY5Y cells. Individual overexpression of attachment factors T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1), Axl, Mer, or dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) rendered SH-SY5Y cells susceptible to filovirus glycoprotein-driven transduction. Our study reveals that a lack of attachment factors limits filovirus entry and provides direct experimental support for a model of filoviral cell attachment where host factor usage at the cell surface is highly promiscuous
Advancing Industry through Design: A Longitudinal Case Study of the Aviation Industry
No full textDesign educators and industry partners are critical knowledge managers and co-drivers of change, and design graduate and post-graduate students can act as catalysts for new ideas, energy, and perspectives. In this article, we will explore how design advances industry development through the lens of a longitudinal inquiry into activities carried out as part of a Dutch design faculty-industry collaboration. We analyze seventy-five (75) Master of Science (MSc) thesis outcomes and seven (7) Doctorate (PhD) thesis outcomes (five in progress) to identify ways that design activities have influenced advances in the Dutch aviation industry over time. Based on these findings, we then introduce an Industry Design Framework, which organizes the industry/design relationship as a three-layered system. This novel approach to engaging industry in design research and design education has immediate practical value and theoretical significance, both in the present and for future research.Responsible Marketing and Consumer BehaviorMethodologie en Organisatie van Desig
