1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Geopolitical Approach of the New York Police Department's Counter-Terrorism Strategies : A Multi-scalar Analysis
No full textPris de court et impuissant face aux attaques du 11 septembre 2001, le New York Police Department (NYPD), décide de s'engager pleinement dans la guerre globale contre la terreur. Ce nouvel acteur de l'antiterrorisme doit composer avec des rivaux bien installés et avec lesquels il doit coopérer. Il doit aussi agir dans un cadre démocratique précis, qu'il va modifier et détourner pour mettre en place un dispositif antiterroriste reposant largement sur un programme de surveillance tenu secret. Ce faisant, le NYPD devient une partie, et également un exemple, de la machine antiterroriste étasunienne. Cette machine est alimentée par un certain nombre de boucles de rétroactions amorcées et sustentés par les représentations des acteurs et des enjeux de pouvoir. Elle change la société américaine et affecte les individus qui la composent. En état de siège constant, pour éviter que la tragédie de septembre 2001 ne se reproduise, le NYPD et la machine antiterroriste étasunienne finissent par être perçus comme les moteurs d'un État policier en devenir par une frange de la population. Cette représentation pousse certains acteurs à se mobiliser contre les stratégies d'antiterrorisme du NYPD quand d'autres préfèrent dialoguer avec l'institution policière ou, convaincus de son bien-fondé, soutenir son action contre le terrorisme.Taken aback and helpless in the face of the attacks of September 11, 2001, the New York Police Department (NYPD) decided to fully engage in the Global War on Terror. This new counterterrorism actor had to deal with well-established rivals with whom it also had to cooperate. Moreover, the NYPD had to act within a precise democratic framework, which it modified and diverted through legal loopholes to set up a counterterrorism apparatus, largely based on a secret surveillance program. In doing so, the NYPD became a part, but also an example, of the U.S. counterterrorism machine. This machine is fueled by feedback loops initiated and sustained by actors' social representations and power dynamics. It changes American society and affects the individuals that it targets. In order to prevent the tragedy of 9/11 from happening again, the NYPD and the U.S. counterterrorism machine are in a constant state of siege. This has caused a segment of the population to see them as spear-heading a budding police state. This perception pushes certain actors to mobilize against the counterterrorism strategies of the NYPD while others prefer to dialogue with the police institution or, convinced of their merits, to support its counterterrorism efforts
The Informant, Islam, and Muslims in New York City
No full textSurveillance is part of the Muslim New Yorker experience, and informants, almost always Muslim themselves, are part of their communities. It is in this context that Muslim New Yorkers partly rely on Islamic theology to question their experience with state surveillance. As this article demonstrates, Muslim interpretations of theology tend to see suspicion and surveillance as sinful conduct, rendering the mission of the informant sinful in the eyes of Muslim New Yorkers. Moreover, as suspicion, monitoring, and spreading rumors is often interpreted as Islamically sinful, targets of surveillance often feel conflicted about suspecting a fellow Muslim of being an informant or even discussing such suspicions with other individuals. Moreover, relying on Islamic theology to deal with their experience as surveilled subjects does not prevent Muslims from toning down their religious visibility in order to avoid state surveillance because of chilling effects and the mechanisms of internment of the psyche
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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