1,721,198 research outputs found
Capitolo 9. Coltivazione delle specie arboree e arbustive. In: Le piante officinali. Vol. 1: Produzione e prima trasformazione
No full textAnalisi non distruttive per la valorizzazione degli scarti di produzione di una categoria di integratori alimentari a base erboristica: i gemmoderivati
No full textVALUTAZIONE DELL’AUTENTICITÀ DI ALIMENTI E INTEGRATORI ALIMENTARI A BASE VEGETALE MEDIANTE FINGERPRINT SPETTROFOTOMETRICA UV_VISIBILE E ANALISI STATISTICA MULTIVARIATA
No full textLo sviluppo di metodi di analisi rapidi e non distruttivi per assicurare l'autenticità di ciò che viene dichiarato nelle etichettedi alimenti ed estratti a base vegetale è di interesse comune sia per il settore industriale al fine di salvaguardare prodotti di qualità, sia per i consumatori. Se da un lato, la sostituzione anche parziale di un vegetale o di un suo estratto con un altro rappresenta un danno economico, dall’altro l’omissione di alcuni ingredienti, presenti, ma non dichiarati, potrebbe avere ripercussioni anche gravi sulla salute dei consumatori (es. allergeni nascosti). La maggior parte delle metodiche analitiche ad oggi riportate in letteratura per l’autenticazione dei succhi di frutta, come esempio di alimento a base vegetale, e di macerati glicerici o tinture madri, come esempio di integratori alimentari a base erboristica,implicano prevalentemente l’utilizzo di metodiche distruttive e/o di strumenti ad alto costo e/o l’uso di grandi quantità di solventi. Inoltre, tali metodiche sono spesso onerose da un punto di vista sia dei costi siadei tempi di analisi. Per ovviare a questi inconvenienti è stata messa a punto un’alternativa analitica rapida non distruttivada utilizzare quanto meno in una fase di screening, al fine di evidenziare rapidamente alcune delle più tipiche azioni illecite operate in questi settori. Il metodo analitico proposto si basa sulla spettroscopia UV-visibile e sull’analisi multivariata dei dati. La spettrofotometria UV-visibile, notoriamente poco costosa e di facile impiego, è stata utilizzata non in maniera tradizionale, bensì come tecnica aspecifica a fingerprintaccoppiandola alla analisi statistica multivariata
Green extractions and sustainable technologies in the Finnover project: health-promoting compounds from Castanea spp. bud-derivatives
No full textGreen economy is a sustainable tool for the development and valorisation of natural, social, and economic resources. It is recognized as a tool to produce goods and services, as well as for the sustainable conservation and use of natural resources. The FINNOVER project (“Innovative strategies for the development of cross-border green supply chains”) proposes a technical-economic path for the creation, development, and valorization of new supply chains for the eco-sustainable extraction and use of natural health-promoting compounds. In this study, an innovative “green” extraction strategy to produce healthy value-added products derived from herbal preparation by-products was developed as an alternative to traditional waste incineration or composting. Castanea spp. has been selected as a case study because it was widely used for hundreds of years as medicinal plants in composite formulae, but this approach could be analogously applied for other herbal extracts. Bioactive compounds (botanicals) are quite variable in the raw material, based on genotype (intraspecific chemodiversity), different collection stages, pedoclimatic conditions of sampling sites (wild or cultivation zones), agrotechniques, and post-harvest handling. This research aimed to compare the pattern of health-promoting agents in Castanea spp. bud-derivatives (herbal preparations derived from meristematic fresh plant tissues as buds and sprouts) with the composition of extracts derived from the bud-waste management process. Molecules were extracted by the encoded traditional method (maceration in hydroglyceroalcoholic solution) and by innovative sustainable extraction technologies (pulsed ultrasound-assisted extraction). HPLC methods were used to characterize the main bioactive compounds, and to obtain a specific profile to assess the contribution of each botanical class to the total phytocomplex. About the 13% of the C. sativa bud-derivative phytochemical content was preserved in the marc extracts and it could be recovered for further products. Cinnamic acids, vitamin C, and flavonols resulted as the most preserved classes of compounds in the marc extract after PUAE application. These results are very important because of the protective effects of polyphenols and vitamin C mainly ascribed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. The established protocol was simple, sensitive, and reliable, and it may be used for the evaluation of natural products and eco-sustainable preparations. The valorization of bud marcs, derived from the bud-derivative production, could be a very important re-use strategy and show a significant economic impact for the commercial producers, representing an important innovation in this sector
Sustainable Extraction and Use of Natural Bioactive Compounds from the Waste Management Process of Castanea spp. Bud-Derivatives: The FINNOVER Project
No full textThe FINNOVER project provides a technical and economic path for the creation of new supply chains, or their development, for the sustainable extraction and utilization of natural biologically active molecules. In this research, a green extraction method and re-use strategy of botanical by-products are developed and used to obtain value-added products as an ecological alternative to waste composting or incineration. It was applied to the production of Castanea spp. bud-derivatives (a specific category of food supplements derived from plant material) and their by-products. This study aimed to compare the phytochemical composition of Castanea spp. bud-preparations (herbal preparations from buds and sprouts) with the extracts derived from the bud-waste management process. Bioactive compounds were extracted by maceration in hydroglyceroalcoholic solution (traditional method) and by a green extraction technique (Pulsed Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction—PUAE) and identified and quantified by HPLC methods obtaining a specific chromatographic profile. PUAE extracted a total content of 160.42 mg/100 g FW, a good amount if compared to the relative commercial product (1276.17 mg/100 g FW). About 13% of the chemical content of Castanea spp. bud-preparations was maintained in the by-product extracts. This research showed that PUAE may be considered as a sustainable alternative to waste management based on incineration or composting. This study could be considered by the industries for the development of new products for the market derived from the bud-derivative processing waste
<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. Pruning Waste for Bud-Preparations as Source of Phenolic Compounds–Traditional and Innovative Extraction Techniques to Produce New Natural Products
No full textHerbal products are now considered among the most important sources of phenolic compounds: the FINNOVER project aimed at the creation and development of sustainable supply chains to extract and use natural biologically active agents. Vitis vinifera is one of the most utilised herbal products derived from buds and sprouts as polyphenolic food supplements for its homeostatic and astringent properties. This research was aimed to describe the antioxidant capacity and the phytochemical composition of V. vinifera herbal products by the application of spectroscopic and chromatographic fingerprints considering phenolics as potential markers to significantly differentiate traditional preparations (macerates) from innovative extracts obtained by an ultrasound extraction from V. vinifera buds. Two different commercial products were also considered. Flavonols were the most abundant class in ultrasound extracts (45%), while phenolic acids were the most important class in traditional macerates (49%) and commercial bud-preparations (about 50%). This study may support the potential use of V. vinifera bud-products (starting from pruning byproducts) as food supplements to integrate human diet with good amounts of phenolics. Finally, the use of different extraction methods on the same plant material could be an important development to produce innovative herbal products with a phytochemical composition similar to traditional preparations
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