1,721,021 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dynamics and Control of Helical Arrays in Low Earth Orbit
No full textSpacecraft formation flying is an anticipated critical technology, needed to enhance astrophysical and science missions in near-Earth and interplanetary environments. Enabling a set of distributed spacecraft to corporate together, collectively fulfilling a mission objective, has proven to have several benefits over the conventional large single entity spacecraft. Mission cost and risk are reduced, while the retrieval of scientific data is significantly increased. Augmented adaptability and flexibility will play a crucial role in future space missions which require radar apertures that are excessively large and not practical to built. The key strategic goal of our work is to develop active and passive radar remote sensing applications based on distributed array architectures. Distributed formations of low-cost Small-Sats, either deployable or free-flying, can deliver a comparable or greater mission capability than large monolithic spacecraft, but with significantly enhanced flexibility (adaptability, scalability, evolvability, and maintainability) and robustness (reliability, survivability, and fault-tolerance). This research is aligned with the NASA Technology Roadmap for Robotics and Autonomous Systems (TA4), in particular TA4.5 System-Level Autonomy (Activity Planning; Autonomous Guidance and Control; and Multi-Agent Coordination) and TA4.6 Autonomous Rendezvous and Docking. This paper outlines the design of a small-satellite helical formation, serving as a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) in low Earth orbit. The macro topic treated in this paper is the analysis of the feasibility and problems related to the operation of autonomous satellite formations serving as a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) in low Earth orbit. An earlier preliminary version of this work was presented recently [1]. The main objective is to control with great precision the relative 6DoF dynamics of the followers with respect to a leader satellite in order to allow a correct taking of the data required by the mission. The differential accelerations to which the formation satellites are subjected make it necessary to implement control techniques for their re-positioning. To ensure a long mission duration, the number of such correction maneuvers should be minimized. In an autonomous formation perspective, such corrections are computed by the spacecrafts themselves, which therefore need to be equipped with sufficient computational resources. In this paper the problems just presented are described in detail and some techniques to mitigate their effects are reported. In order to have results more similar to reality, a high precision dynamic propagation model has been created and validated with the NASA General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT). This model includes harmonics of the gravitational potential up to order 21, drag, solar pressure and third-body perturbation (Moon and Sun) [2]. After defining the external environment in which the satellites operate, the problem of maintaining the desired configuration of the system is addressed through two different analyzes: uncontrolled dynamics stability analysis and active formation control. The study of uncontrolled formation stability aims to derive the initial conditions of the formation satellites that most closely minimize the relative drift between followers and leader. This allows to reduce the number of maneuvers required to maintain the formation given a fixed interval of time. Despite the careful choice of initial conditions, this drift, although minimal, will tend to alter the initial configuration until the formation is no longer operational. For these reasons, an active control solution, aiming to minimize the amount of fuel used to perform the correction maneuver, has been implemented. The optimal controller is presented in different variants, in particular two strategies, centralized and decentralized, have been implemented in the context of Sequential Convex Programming (SCP). Both types of control were analyzed considering possible un-modeled external factors. Some test cases are reported so that discussion and conclusions can be made regarding the limitations and issues associated with the methodologies implemented
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Modeling, Dynamics and Control of a Variable Topology Tethered Space System
No full textRadar remote sensing is a powerful tool to characterize the subsurface structures here on Earth and at other planetary bodies. For scientific investigation of the surface and subsurface properties, the radar observations must be unambiguously localized at horizontal and vertical scales that resolve the characteristic features under investigation. Determining the source of the radar echoes either requires assumptions about the structure under investigation or the direction of the radar observation. The Mars sounders have illustrated that surface echoes contribute to a higher-than-expected level of contamination, which limits the radar's detection capabilities in the subsurface. The only effective way to limit the contamination is to focus the antenna's footprint by increasing the size of the aperture. Ice and subsurface radar sounder typically operate at low frequencies in the HF or VHF bands. To achieve an antenna footprint at kilometer scales from low Earth orbit (LEO), the length of the antenna aperture is of the order of kilometers. To effectively create this large antenna aperture and synthesize the desired footprint, the elements of the array must maintain a relative position to one another, and the position must be known accurately. The relative spacing between the elements determines the shape and level of the synthesized antenna's side-lobes (where the antenna pattern is ideally suppressed). The maximum extent of the array determines the resolution of the synthesized antenna's footprint. The number of elements decides the antenna gain, which ultimately increases the sensitivity of the radar. In this paper we study the dynamics of a tethered space system able to support the aforementioned antenna array. We consider an EndFire array made up of ten antenna elements, aligned along the local vertical thanks to gravity gradient stabilization. The modeling process is explored by steps. We expand a simple tether model by employing a discretized mass approach. The antenna elements are referred to as 'climbers' and are constrained to the tether. Exact nonlinear dynamics are propagated with respect to the orbital frame of reference, according to the equations presented by Quadrelli in his works. Tethered formations have flown more often than free-flying spacecraft swarms and have proven to be much more stable and reliable. The presence of a mechanical link between the antenna elements leads to inexpensive formation reconfiguration maneuvers. Flexibility and reconfigurability are key for reusable space systems, so we propose a relative-position control system for multiple climbers and explore the topic of variable length tethers. The topics of attitude stabilization and optimal orbital correction maneuvers are also considered. We conclude with some considerations regarding scalability and simulation times
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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