1,721,371 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Research and development of the High-Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) for the ATLAS Detector as the preparation of the High-Luminosity LHC operation phase
No full textLe Large Hadron Collider (LHC) est un collisionneur protons-protons situé au CERN à Genève. Il a déjà permis de nombreuses avancées scientifiques dont la découverte du boson de Higgs en 2012. Depuis 2023, le LHC a été amélioré pour pouvoir délivrer une très haute luminosité, supérieure d'un facteur 5 au schéma initial. C'est ce qu'on appelle la phase HL-LHC (pour High Luminosity - LHC). Le but est d'obtenir une luminosité de 5 x 10^34 cm-2s-1 mais celle-ci pourrait atteindre 7 x 10^34cm-2s-1. Dans ce scénario, le nombre moyen de collisions par croisement de faisceaux serait de 200 (à comparer par exemple à 25 en 2012). Le collisionneur fournirait alors une luminosité intégrée de 4000 fb-1 en 12 ans. Le but de telles performances techniques est bien sûr d'accroître le potentiel de mesure des expériences, notamment en ce qui concerne les mécanismes de production du boson de Higgs ou la brisure de symétrie électrofaible, mais aussi l'exploration des processus de physique au-delà du modèle standard avec, par exemple, la recherche de particules supersymétriques légères. Pour faire face à cet afflux de signaux et à un taux de radiations plus important, les détecteurs du LHC vont, eux aussi, être modifiés. Parmi eux, le détecteur ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) est en cours d’amélioration à plusieurs niveaux : électronique plus rapide sur certains sous-systèmes, remplacement complet de certains sous-détecteurs (dont le nouveau détecteur de traces et de vertex ITk) ou encore ajout de nouvelles parties. Parmi celles-ci figure un nouveau sous-détecteur hautement granulaire permettant une mesure précise en temps du passage de traces dans le détecteur. Ce sous-détecteur appelé HGTD (High-Granularity Timing Detector) sera installé à l’avant du détecteur ATLAS de chaque côté du point de collision pour la phase à haute luminosité du LHC (HL-LHC) en 2029. Ce détecteur viendra compléter le nouveau détecteur ITk, pour permettre de combiner les informations spatiales que celui-ci permettra d’obtenir, avec des informations temporelles, et ainsi de bien associer les traces au point de collision d’où elles auront été émises. Ceci permettra de diminuer les effets d'empilement. En effet, à haute luminosité, il va y avoir beaucoup d'interactions entre partons lors des collisions et il importe de faire la différence entre des événements intéressants à étudier et ceux qui « s'empilent » lors du même croisement ou au croisement suivant. Ce sous-détecteur devra être très résistant aux radiations qui pourront atteindre une fluence d’environ 5.6x10^15 neq cm-2. Le dispositif de détection est composé de capteurs semi-conducteurs LGAD qui présentent une bonne résistance aux radiations et assurent une résolution en temps comprise entre 30 et 50 ps. La thèse, comprenant de nombreux aspects, s’inscrit dans la préparation de ce futur sous-détecteur. Les chapitres 1 et 2 décrivent le détecteur ATLAS, le LHC, la phase à haute luminosité et le futur HGTD. Le chapitre 3 est consacré à la recherche et développement en mécanique pour l’assemblage des modules sur des supports qui seront fixés sur les disques composant HGTD. Il importe que ces modules soient optimisés pour être simples à disposer et à remplacer tout en maximisant la surface active de détection. Le travail a également porté sur la préparation d’un démonstrateur. Le chapitre 4 est dédié aux analyses des données prises lors de tests en faisceaux par les capteurs LGAD. Il s’agit de choisir les spécifications des LGAD et les sociétés qui vont les produire en fonction de leur bonne tenue aux radiations, de leur efficacité de détection et de leur résolution en temps. Le chapitre 5 est dédié aux performances des algorithmes de reconstruction des traces passant par HGTD et ITk. Une nouvelle méthode de réduction du taux de jets d’empilement est présentée. Le chapitre 6 décrit l’implémentation de HGTD dans le cadre des algorithmes de reconstruction de traces dans le détecteur ATLAS.The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a proton-proton collider located at CERN in Geneva. It served in numerous scientific breakthroughs, including the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012. In 2013, the LHC upgrade program was announced, aiming to deliver very high luminosity, a factor of 5 higher than the original design. This is known as the High-Luminosity LHC phase (HL-LHC). The aim is to achieve a luminosity of at least 5.10^34 cm-2s-1 and potentially 7.10^34 cm-2s-1. In this scenario, the average number of collisions per beam crossing would be 200 (compared with 50 in 2023, for example). The collider would then deliver an integrated luminosity of 4000 fb-1 in 12 years. The aim of such technical upgrades is of course to increase the measurement potential of the experiments, such as the increase of Higgs boson production or study the electroweak symmetry breaking, but also to explore physics beyond the Standard Model with, for example, supersymmetry. To cope with the increased data rate and higher radiation levels, the LHC detectors will also be upgraded. Among them, the ATLAS detector (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) which is undergoing a major upgrade: faster electronics on certain sub-systems, complete replacement of certain sub-detectors (for example, the new tracking detector ITk) or the addition of new ones such as High-Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD). HGTD will be installed in both endcaps of the ATLAS detector for HL-LHC in 2029. It will provide a precise measurement of the tracks’ times complementing the spatial information provided by ITk. This will greatly reduce the tracking ambiguities. Indeed, the high luminosity will bring a lot of simultaneous interactions between partons during proton bunch crossing, and it's important to distinguish between events that are interesting to study and the "pile up” ones. HGTD must be highly resistant to radiation since the estimated fluence will reach around 5.6 x 10^15 neq cm-2. The detector is based on LGAD semiconductor sensors, which are highly resistant to radiation and provide a time resolution of between 30 and 50 ps. The thesis work covers many aspects of HGTD design and operation and is organised as follows. Chapters 1 and 2 describe the ATLAS detector, the LHC, the HL-LHC phase and the future HGTD. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the mechanical R&D for the detector assembly procedure and the design of the support structures for modules. It is important that these supports are optimized for easy installation and replacement while maximizing the active sensitive area. It also covers the work on the HGTD heater demonstrator. Chapter 4 is dedicated to the analysis of data taken during test beams for the LGAD sensors performance studies. The aim is to select the LGAD specifications and the vendors that will produce them, based on their radiation hardness, detection efficiency and time resolution. Chapter 5 focuses on the performance of HGTD track reconstruction capabilities. A new method for improving the purity of efficiency is presented. Chapter 6 describes the integration of HGTD in a novel tracking software ACTS that will be used by the ATLAS experiment during the HL-LHC phase
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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