1,720,977 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Systematic evaluation of an ear-attached accelerometer system for on-farm “fresh cow” monitoring, including the impact on animal health and performance
No full textDissertation - University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna - 2023
The full text is only available to university members. Please log in!In recent years, ‘precision livestock farming’ technologies have entered the market to monitor cows’ health more accurately and to support farmers in their management decisions and veterinarians in their diagnoses. These technologies can record physiological, behavioral, and production parameters automatically and continuously. By recording these parameters and, e.g., using artificial intelligence, diseases are hoped to be detected earlier, which could lead to better animal performance and welfare. In particular, farmers and veterinarians could be well supported in the transition period, in which metabolic and infectious diseases often occur. To the best of our knowledge, so far, only few studies have explored whether these technologies have a positive impact on animal health and farm performance. The objectives of the first publication were to determine (1) the duration of different examinations and treatments and (2) the time cows remained in headlocks. Video cameras were installed in the barn, standard operating procedures were established, and the video footage was analyzed. Three veterinarians performed the examinations and treatments during the daily monitoring. To determine the time during which the cows remained in headlocks, three different workflow strategies were established, which differed in the order of examinations and treatments. The time the cows remained in headlocks ranged from < 1 to 106 minutes. Significant differences were found among the workflow strategies. The objectives of the second publication were to determine (1) whether a sensor-based management strategy would lead to a reduction in the total number of examinations and treatments during the fresh cow period and (2) if such a strategy could lead to an improved reproductive performance, a higher milk yield, and a lower number of involuntary cullings. Two different management strategies of monitoring animal health and treating fresh cows were compared in parallel. The conventional management strategy (CON) was already established on the farm. The sensor-based management strategy (SEN) made use of an accelerometer system (SMARTBOW). The SEN cows were only examined if a sensor alert was present or because of routine protocols. Here, the examinations and treatments were performed more intensively than in the conventional strategy. During the study period, the SEN strategy required a higher number of examinations and treatments compared with CON. No differences were found in the performance parameters for reproduction and animals that had left the herd. Regarding milk yield performance, the conventional strategy performed significantly better (305 days milk yield performance: CON 12,931 kg; SEN 12,394 kg; P < 0.01). In summary, a data basis for examination and treatment times in early lactation was created. These data can be used in further studies to calculate labor times for health monitoring strategies. In addition, the time per cow in the headlock can be significantly reduced by using different workflow strategies. It was also found that intensive monitoring in combination with the sensor system did not lead to any improvement in performance parameters. However, further research is needed to generalize this statement, as this study was only conducted on one farm, where high health monitoring standards were already established. Future studies should also investigate whether the combination of several PLF technologies and, thus, the monitoring of several parameters can lead to an improvement in animal health, welfare and performance.Dissertation - Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien - 2023
Aus rechtlichen Gründen sind nicht alle Teile dieser Arbeit frei zugänglich. Der Zugriff auf den elektronischen Volltext ist auf Angehörige der Veterinärmedizinischen Universität Wien beschränkt. Bitte einloggen!In den letzten Jahren sind \u27Precision Livestock Farming\u27-Technologien verstärkt auf den Markt gekommen. Diese überwachen den Gesundheitszustand der Kühe rund um die Uhr und unterstützen Landwirt:innen somit in ihrem Management. . Die Technologien sind in der Lage, physiologische Parameter, Verhaltensweisen und Produktionsdaten automatisch und kontinuierlich zu erfassen. Dadurch und auch durch den unterstützenden Einsatz von künstlicher Intelligenz erhofft man sich, Krankheiten früher zu erkennen, um so eine bessere Leistung und ein besseres Wohlergehen der Tiere zu erreichen. Gerade in der Phase der Frühlaktation, in der sich Krankheiten regelmäßig häufen, ist eine Unterstützung der Landwirt:innen und Tierärzt:innen in ihrer Arbeit und Entscheidungsfindung besonders vielversprechend. Inwieweit sich diese Technologien jedoch tatsächlich positiv auf die Anzahl der Diagnosen und notwendigen Behandlungen, sowie auf die weitere Tiergesundheit und -leistung auswirken, ist unseres Wissens nach wenig erforscht. In der ersten Veröffentlichung wurden (1) die Dauer der verschiedenen Untersuchungen und Behandlungen während der Frühlaktation und (2) die Zeit, die die Kühe im Fressfanggitter verbrachten, ermittelt. Hierfür wurden im Stall Videokameras installiert, standardisierte Vorgehensweisen definiert, die am Tier durchgeführten Untersuchungen und Behandlungen aufgezeichnet und das Videomaterial anschließend ausgewertet. Die Untersuchungen und Behandlungen wurden von drei Tierärzt:innen während des täglichen Gesundheitsmonitorings durchgeführt. Um die Verweildauer der Kühe im Fressfanggitter zu bestimmen und mögliche Optimierungsansätze aufzuzeigen, wurden drei verschiedene Verfahren und Arbeitsabläufe zur Kontrolle der Tiergesundheit in der Frühlaktation miteinander verglichen, die sich unter anderem in der Reihenfolge der Untersuchungen und Behandlungen unterschieden. Die Verweildauer der Kühe im Fressfanggitter reichte von <1 bis 106 Minuten. Zwischen den verschiedenen Arbeitsabläufen wurden signifikante Unterschiede festgestellt. Das Ziel der zweiten Veröffentlichung war es festzustellen, ob eine sensorbasierte Managementstrategie zu einer Verringerung der Anzahl der Untersuchungen und Behandlungen während der Frühlaktation führen kann. Zusätzlich wurde analysiert, ob eine sensorbasierte Managementstrategie zu einer verbesserten Reproduktionsleistung, einer höheren Milchleistung und geringeren unfreiwilligen Abgängen aufgrund von Schlachtungen/Euthanasie oder Nottötungen der Tiere führen kann. Dazu wurden zwei verschiedene Managementstrategien zur Überwachung der Tiergesundheit und zur Behandlung von Kühen in der Frühlaktation parallel miteinander verglichen. Die konventionelle Managementstrategie (CON) war bereits im betrieblichen Herdenmanagement etabliert. Die sensorgestützte Managementstrategie (SEN) basierte auf dem Einsatz des Sensor-SystemsSMARTBOW, welches einen Ohrmarken-basierten Beschleunigungssensor in Kombination mit einer entsprechenden Auswertungssoftware verwendet. Kühe der sensorbasierten Studiengruppe wurden nur untersucht, wenn ein SMARTBOW-Alarm vorlag oder auf der Grundlage von zuvor definierten Routine-Untersuchungen. Dabei wurden die Kühe der SEN Gruppe intensiver untersucht und behandelt als die der CON-Gruppe. In der Reproduktionsleistung sowie in der Anzahl der Abgänge wurden keine Unterschiede zwischenden beiden Gruppen festgestellt werden. Die Kühe der CON-Gruppe erzielten eine signifikant höhere Milchleistung von 537 kg in 305 Tagen. Abschließend lässt sich sagen, dass mit dieser Studie eine Datengrundlage für Untersuchungs- und Behandlungszeiten von Kühen während der Frühlaktation geschaffen werden konnte. Diese Daten können in zukünftigen Studien für eine fundierte Kalkulation von Arbeitszeiten herangezogen werden. Ferner konnte durch verschiedene Arbeitsabläufe die Fixierungszeit von Kühen im Fressfanggitter deutlich reduziert werden. Darüber hinaus wurde festgestellt, dass eine intensive Überwachung in Kombination mit dem Sensorsystem zu keiner Verbesserung der Leistungsparameter führte. Um diese Aussage zu verallgemeinern, sind jedoch weitere Untersuchungen notwendig, da diese Studie sich auf einen Milchviehbetrieb beschränkt, auf dem bereits ein intensives Tiergesundheitsmonitoring etabliert war. Zukünftige Studien sollten untersuchen, ob die Kombination mehrerer PLF-Technologien und damit die Überwachung einer Vielzahl von Parametern zu einer Verbesserung der Tiergesundheit, des Tierwohls und der Leistung beitragen kann
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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