1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Physiotherapist Factors Associated With the Intention to Deliver Psychologically Informed Physiotherapy in Persistent Low Back Pain: A Vignette Study
No full textIntroduction
Non-specific low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide and can have devastating impacts on work, whānau and community roles, social relationships and quality of life. Physiotherapists are the main providers of low back pain care in Aotearoa New Zealand, so supporting them to provide evidence based, and effective management is crucial to improve pain outcomes. Psychologically informed physiotherapy (PIP) incorporates the use of psychological techniques within physiotherapy. PIP can improve pain outcomes compared to usual physiotherapy, but global research suggests that many physiotherapists do not provide PIP in real life clinical practice. It is not known how many New Zealand physiotherapists provide PIP to people with low back pain. Qualitative research suggests the barriers to delivering PIP are related to physiotherapists’ confidence, knowledge, skills, lack of time, biomedical orientation, organisational support, training and supervision. The relative importance of these barriers has not been evaluated quantitatively.
Aims
This study aimed to determine the proportion of physiotherapists in Aotearoa New Zealand that intend to deliver PIP to patients with persistent low back pain, and identify which factors are associated with the intention to deliver PIP.
Methods
New Zealand physiotherapists (n = 224) completed an online vignette case study where they outlined their intended assessment and treatment plan for two persons with persistent low back pain. They then completed the Knowledge and Attitudes of Pain Questionnaire (KNAP), components of the Determinants of Implementation Behaviour Questionnaire (DIBQ) and demographic questions. Logistic regression was used to determine which questionnaire and demographic variables were associated with the intention to deliver PIP.
Results
One third of participants intended to deliver PIP in the management of low back pain. A logistic regression analysis showed that the KNAP score was consistently and most strongly associated with the intention to deliver PIP. Beliefs about the consequences of PIP was also associated with the intention to deliver PIP in one vignette.
Conclusion
This study suggests that physiotherapists’ knowledge and attitudes towards pain and their belief that PIP is effective in low back pain management are associated with PIP delivery in Aotearoa New Zealand. These findings indicate that improving pain knowledge and beliefs around PIP may improve the quality of low back pain management. Future research needs to confirm these results in clinical settings, understand how pain neuroscience knowledge is acquired, and identify how best to translate this into Aotearoa New Zealand physiotherapy practice
Fear of Falling After Hip Fracture: A Systematic Review of Prevalence, Measurement, Associations with Physical Function, and Interventions
No full textBackground
Hip fracture is a common and debilitating injury amongst older adults. Fear of falling (FoF) may impede rehabilitation after hip fracture. An updated systematic review to synthesize the existing literature on FoF after hip fracture is needed.
Aim
This study aims to review and synthesize existing literature to answer four research questions about the 1.) prevalence of FoF, 2.) psychometric properties of measurement instruments, 3.) association with physical function, and 4.) effectiveness of interventions in reducing FoF, in hip fracture patients.
Methods
A systematic electronic search was undertaken in the EBSCO Health, Scopus and PsychINFO databases in January 2021 for articles on FoF after hip fracture. Data in relation to each research question was extracted and analysed. The methodological quality of the studies was critically appraised using the ‘Risk of Bias Tool for Prevalence Studies’, ‘COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist for Patient-reported outcome measures’, modified version of the ‘Appraisal Tool for Cross-sectional studies’, and the ‘Cochrane Risk of Bias 2’ tools for each research question, respectively.
Results
35 articles (34 studies) with 3809 participants were included. Prevalence rates for FoF after hip fracture ranged between 22.5% and 100%, and the prevalence tended to decrease as time progressed post hip fracture. The ‘Falls Efficacy Scale – International’ (FES-I) and ‘Fear of Falling Questionnaire – Revised’ (FFQ-R) were found to be reliable, internally consistent, and valid tools in hip fracture patients. FoF after hip fracture was consistently associated with measures of physical function including balance, gait speed, composite physical performance measures and self-reported function. Exercise-based interventions with or without a psychological component were not effective in reducing FoF after hip fracture. Motivational interviewing and accelerated/ supported discharge with home based rehabilitation may have some impact on FoF, however, more high quality trials are needed to confirm this finding. Overall, there was insufficient evidence to conclude about the effectiveness of interventions in reducing FoF after hip fracture.
Conclusion
The literature on FoF after hip fracture has grown in the last decade. FoF is prevalent after hip fracture and is associated with poorer physical function. Only two instruments have been validated for measuring FoF in the hip fracture population. However, there is a need for more robust and larger studies to guide clinical practice regarding interventions to address FoF after hip fracture
Long-Term Outcomes and the Influence of Psychological Factors in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
No full textFull Text is available to authenticated members of The University of Auckland only.Background: The long-term outcomes of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) are not well documented. Previous studies report conflicting and varied findings, which could be attributed to differences in diagnostic criteria and methodologies used, highlighting the need for further investigation. Notably, to date, few studies have investigated prognostic factors that could also be associated with differences in CRPS outcomes. One popular hypothesis in CRPS research is that psychological factors may influence the outcomes of the condition, given their well-evidenced influence on the outcomes of other chronic pain conditions.
Aims: To document the long-term outcomes of CRPS and determine whether psychological factors are associated with outcome differences.
Method: A sample of 45 people previously diagnosed with CRPS from an earlier prospective study was followed up after approximately 8 years. Participants were assessed at baseline, 6-months, 12-months, and 8-years. At each time point, the following were measured: signs and symptoms of CRPS, pain, disability, and psychological functioning. Friedman’s and Cochran’s Q tests were used to determine changes over time. Mixed model repeated measures analyses assessed predictors of improvement.
Results: As shown previously in this cohort, most signs and symptoms of CRPS and mean scores for pain, disability, and many psychological factors improved in the first 12 months, with the most significant improvements occurring during the first 6 months. No clinically meaningful improvements occurred between 12 months and 8 years. At 8 years, a quarter of participants met the IASP-Budapest criteria for CRPS, and two-thirds reported limb pain. Several baseline factors were associated with worse CRPS outcomes over 8 years. Predictors of greater CRPS severity included female sex, high baseline disability and high pain intensity. Predictors of greater pain intensity were high baseline anxiety and high disability. Greater disability was predicted by high baseline pain intensity.
Conclusions: Overall, the results indicate that complete recovery from CRPS was uncommon after 8 years. The greatest improvements in the condition occurred within 6 months of symptom onset, suggesting that early intervention may be necessary to improve long-term outcomes. Interventions could target anxiety, disability, and pain intensity, which were associated with worse CRPS outcomes over 8 years. This study is the first to prospectively document the long-term outcomes of CRPS and determine the factors related to non-recovery beyond 12 months
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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