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Effect of empagliflozin treatment on cardiac function and physiological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmada, diyabetes mellitus hastalarında sodyum glukoz ko-transporter2 inhibitörü empagliflozinin hemogram, biyokimyasal parametreler ve kardiyak fonksiyonlar üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya diyabetes mellitus tanısı olan ve ilk defa empagliflozin başlanan 251 hasta dahil edildi. Tedavi öncesi ve tedaviye başlandıktan 6 ay sonrası tüm hastaların biyokimya, tam kan sayımı, HbA1c, kolesterol paneline bakıldı. Kan basıncı ve kalp hızı ölçüldü. Hastaların tedavi öncesi ve sonrası boy ve kiloları ölçülüp formülden vücut kitle indeksi hesaplandı. Başlangıç ve 6 ay sonunda elektrokardiyografi ve ekokardiyografi uygulamaları her hasta için değerlendirildi. İstatiksel değerlendirme sonrası p< 0,05 değerleri anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: 6 aylık empagliflozin tedavisi sonrasında kilo ve vücut kitle endeksinde anlamlı gerileme izlendi. Sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncında anlamlı azalma saptandı. Tedavi sonrasında glukoz, HbA1c ve lipit panelinde istatiksel açıdan anlamlı düşüşler, hematokrit seviyesinde ise anlamlı yükseklik saptandı. Elektrokardiyografik parametrelerden P dalga süresi, P dalga dispersiyonu ve QT süresinde tedavi sonrası belirgin kısalma izlendi. Ekokardiyografik değerlendirme sonrasında sol atriyum boyutu ve hacmi, pulmoner arter basıncı, diyastolik fonksiyon göstergesi E/e değerlerinde anlamlı değişiklikler gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç: Empagliflozin tedavisinin glisemik regülasyonu sağladığı, kolesterol parametrelerini olumlu etkilediği, kilo kaybı ve kan basıncı üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğunu saptadık. Kardiyak fonksiyonların göstergeleri olan elektrokardiyografi ve ekokardiyografi parametreleri üzerinde olumlu etkiler gözlemlenmiştir.Aim: This study aims to investigate the effect of the sodium- glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor empagliflozin on hemogram, biochemical parameters and cardiac functions in patients with diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: 251 patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus who were started on the empagliflozin for the first time were included in the study. Biochemistry, complete blood count, HbA1c and cholesterol panel were examined in all patients before treatment and at the 6th month after treatment. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured. The height and weight of all patients before and after treatment were measured and the body mass index was calculated from the formula. Electrocardiography and echocardiography applications were evaluated for each patient at the beginning and at the end of 6 months. After statistical evaluation, p values <0.05 were considered significant. Results: After 6 months of empagliflozin treatment, a significant decrease in weight and body mass index was observed. A significant decrease was detected in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. After treatment, statistically significant decreases were detected in glucose, HbA1c and lipid panel, and a significant increase in hematocrit level. A significant shortening was observed in the electrocardiographic parameters P wave duration, P wave dispersion and QT duration after treatment. After echocardiographic evaluation, significant changes were observed in left atrial size and volume, pulmonary artery pressure, and diastolic function indicator E/e values. Conclusion: We found that empagliflozin treatment provides glycemic regulation, positively affects cholesterol parameters, and has positive effects on weight loss and blood pressure. Positive effects were observed on electrocardiography and echocardiography parameters, which are indicators of cardiac functions
Investigation of the protective effects of cafeic acid and cafeic acid phenethyl ester in ocular tissues in a diabetic rat model
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmada kafeik asit fenetil esterin (CAPE) streptozotosin (STZ) ile oluşturulan diyabetik rat modelinde retinal apoptozis ve oksidatif stres parametreleri üzerine olan etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 3 grup oluşturuldu; Kontrol, STZ ve STZ+CAPE. STZ ve STZ+CAPE grubundaki ratlara diyabet oluşturmak için tek doz 35mg/kg dozunda STZ intraperitoneal olarak enjekte edildi. STZ+CAPE grubunda 10 µmol/kg CAPE 4 hafta boyunca her gün intraperitoneal olarak injekte edildi. Kontrol ve STZ grubunda sadece intraperitoneal olarak serum fizyolojik verildi. Ratlar 4. hafta sonunda anestezi altında sakrifiye edildi. Retinal dokulardaki total anti-oxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), paroxanase (PON) seviyeleri ölçüldü. Histopatolojik değerlendirmeler için diğer göz kullanıldı ve Caspase-3, matriks metalloproteinaz -2 (MMP-2) ve MMP-9 değerlendirildi. Bulgular: CAPE tedavisi ile kan glukoz seviyesinde özellikle 21. günde olmak üzere anlamlı olarak düşüklük saptanmıştır. Ancak bu hipoglisemik etki 28. günde gözlenmemiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen oksidatif stres parametreleri (TOS ve OSI) STZ grubunda STZ+CAPE ve kontrol gruplarına göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek saptandı. CAPE tedavisi total oksidan durumunun artmasını engelleyici etki göstermiştir. Fakat PON seviyeleri STZ+CAPE ve STZ gruplarında karşılaştırılabilir bulunmuştur. Serum ve retina MMP seviyelerinde de farklılık saptanmamıştır. Tüm gruplarda retinal caspase-3 boyaması ile benzer sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada CAPE tedavisi ile STZ ile indüklenmiş diyabetik rat modelinde retinal dokuda oksidatif stresin azaltılabileceği gösterilmiştir. Fakat muhtemelen kısa diyabetik süre nedeni ile retinal apoptozis gösterilememiştir.Aim: We aimed to investigate the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on retinal apoptosis and oxidant stress parameters in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model. Material and Methods: This study included 3 groups, control, STZ, and STZ+CAPE. Rats of STZ, and STZ+CAPE groups were injected with STZ (35mg/kg, i.p.) for induction of DM. In the STZ+CAPE group, 10 µmol/kg of CAPE were intraperitoneally injected for 4 weeks. Control and STZ groups were given only intraperitoneal serum physiologic. Rats were anaesthetized and sacrificed on the 4th week of the experiment. Total anti-oxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), Paroxanase (PON) levels were measured on the dissected retinal tissues. Fellow eyes were used for histopathologic evaluation with caspase-3 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2) ve MMP-9 evaluation. Results: Blood glucose levels were significantly decreased at 21st day of the experiment with CAPE treatment. However this hypoglisemic effect was not observed at 28th day. The oxidative stress parameters including TOS, and OSI were significantly higher in STZ group compared to STZ+CAPE and control groups. CAPE treatment prevented the elevation of TOS. However PON levels were comparable between STZ+CAPE and STZ groups. The MMP levels of both serum and retina were not different between groups. Retinal caspase-3 staining were also similar. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the CAPE treatment may decrease the oxidative stress in the retinal tissue in STZ induced DM rat model. However the apoptosis was not observed in the retina. The retinal apoptosis can not be shown probably due to shorter period of diabetes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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