1,720,961 research outputs found
From Urban Living Labs Towards Critical Spatial Design: Decolonising Knowledge in Urban Design and Planning Using Critical Reflexivity
No full textUrban Living Labs (ULLs) are valorised for their participatory and user-centred processes which combine research and innovation in real-life communities and settings. They embrace different forms of knowledge by engaging diverse stakeholders while promoting experimentation in knowledge production. ULLs provide an ideal ecosystem to integrate analytical urban research with action-orientated architectural design to creatively and collaboratively shape urban futures. However, while urban researchers, designers, and policymakers have readily adopted the ULLs, there has been surprisingly little critical reflection on the epistemological assumptions underpinning the approach. This is a critique ever more urgent as ULLs spread globally and become a powerful tool in the context of knowledge production and urban innovation processes in the global South.
The article sets out to problematise ULLs through decolonial theory in order to unearth the epistemic foundations that structure ways of knowing and subsequent courses of action. Critical reflexivity is engaged to analyse methodologically the ULL approach through the example of an integrated urban research and architectural design lab in the UK, with which the author was closely involved. With recourse to the literature, the analysis critically reflects on (1) the epistemological assumptions that structure ways of knowing and subsequent courses of action embedded in ULLs; and (2) the un/intentional reproduction of oppressive structures in ULLs. The article concludes by marking a path towards a new approach to ULLs founded on decoloniality, ecologies of knowledges, modes of situated un/re-learning, and critical hybridity integrating urban research and architectural design in a critical spatial design praxis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Alltagspraktiken der Ausbreitung und des Widerstands in Prozessen des sozialräumlichen Wandels an der Peripherie verstehen. Multi-sited Ethnographien im ländlichen Portugal und Österreich
No full textThe following thesis is concerned with the problem of how social innovation, understood here as a specific form of situated social change connected to grassroots self-organisation, unfolds on the periphery. More precisely it asks, in rural peripheries, what types of socio-technological systems support the spread and emergence of new social practices, where spread is known to be a significant factor in social change? Although diverse, rural peripheries are generally understood to be disadvantaged in comparison to say, urban centres and other rural or peri-urban sites, not least because of their specific social, material, and spatial conditions and the discourses that partially construct them. To date, little is understood as to precisely how social practices spread in complex transformative processes to overcome these conditions and configure new spatialities.
The research seeks to answer these questions through two multi-sited ethnographies, the first and main study in Alentejo, Portugal. The second supporting study in Upper Austria. The ethnographies follow two cases, one in each location. In Portugal, I follow the case of EPAM, a network of young herb farmers new to the countryside and track how they exchanged knowledge on farming practices and ways of living in the countryside. As the story unfolds, EPAM is shown to be not only a social network, but moreover a complex system of material and discursive connections. On this web of connections and flows, which I call self-organised/ing infrastructure, material practices and knowledge was spread. As the ethnographies depicted, circulations are not only propelled by intentional human action. Instead, the study shows that combinations of human and non-human forces propagate practices bundled in materials such as farming or radio equipment. Furthermore, a main result of the study shows how in both cases, resistance was of equal importance to understanding how practices spread, or rather how the spread of what were perceived as undesirable practices and discourses were in ways resisted.
Engaging new materialist theory, the thesis conceptualises the findings and presents a novel middle-range theory of spread. It reflects on the consequence for processes of social and spatial transformation in the fields of social innovation, spatial planning, and design.Die folgende Dissertation befasst sich mit der Frage, wie sich soziale Innovation, hier verstanden als eine spezifische Form des situierten sozialen Wandels in Verbindung mit Selbstorganisation an der Basis, in der Peripherie entfaltet. Genauer gesagt geht es um die Frage, welche Arten von sozio-technologischen Systemen in ländlichen Randgebieten die Verbreitung und Entstehung neuer sozialer Praktiken unterstützen, da die Verbreitung bekanntermaßen ein wichtiger Faktor für den sozialen Wandel ist. Obwohl sie vielfältig sind, gelten ländliche Randgebiete im Allgemeinen als benachteiligt, etwa im Vergleich zu städtischen Zentren und anderen ländlichen oder stadtnahen Gebieten, nicht zuletzt aufgrund ihrer spezifischen sozialen, materiellen und räumlichen Bedingungen und der Diskurse, die sie teilweise konstruieren. Bislang ist wenig darüber bekannt, wie sich soziale Praktiken in komplexen Transformationsprozessen ausbreiten, um diese Bedingungen zu überwinden und neue Räumlichkeiten zu gestalten.
Die Forschung versucht, diese Fragen durch zwei ethnographische Studien zu beantworten, die erste und wichtigste Studie im Alentejo, Portugal. Die zweite unterstützende Studie in Oberösterreich. Die ethnographischen Studien verfolgen zwei Fälle, einen an jedem Ort. In Portugal verfolge ich den Fall von EPAM, einem Netzwerk junger Kräuterbauern, die neu auf dem Land sind, und verfolge, wie sie ihr Wissen über landwirtschaftliche Praktiken und Lebensweisen auf dem Land teilen. Im Laufe der Geschichte wird deutlich, dass EPAM nicht nur ein soziales Netzwerk ist, sondern ein komplexes System von materiellen und diskursiven Verbindungen. In diesem Netz von Verbindungen und Strömen, das ich als selbstorganisierte Infrastruktur bezeichne, wurden materielle Praktiken und Wissen verbreitet. Wie die Ethnographien zeigen, werden Zirkulationen nicht nur durch absichtliches menschliches Handeln angetrieben. Vielmehr zeigt die Studie, dass Kombinationen menschlicher und nicht-menschlicher Kräfte Praktiken verbreiten, die in Materialien wie Landwirtschafts- oder Radiogeräten gebündelt sind. Ein zentrales Ergebnis der Studie ist auch, dass in beiden Fällen der Widerstand von gleicher Bedeutung war, um zu verstehen, wie sich Praktiken verbreiten oder wie der Verbreitung von Praktiken und Diskursen, die als unerwünscht wahrgenommen werden, widerstanden wird.
Unter Einbeziehung der neuen materialistischen Theorie konzeptualisiert die Dissertation die Ergebnisse und stellt eine neuartige Theorie des mittleren Bereichs der Diffusion vor. Sie reflektiert die Konsequenzen für gesellschaftliche und räumliche Transformationsprozesse in den Bereichen der sozialen Innovation, der Raumplanung und des Designs.EC/H2020/721999/EU/Social Enterpreneurship in Structurally Weak Rural Regions: Analysing Innovative Troubleshooters in Action/RURACTIO
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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