43 research outputs found
Characterization of Yeast with Antibiotic Sensitivity with a View to use as a Model Organism
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Decision Making under Uncertainty for Automated Vehicles in Urban Situations
No full textOne of the most crucial links to building an autonomous system is the task of decision making. The ability of a vehicle to make robust decisions on its own by predicting and assessing future consequences is what makes it intelligent. This task of decision making becomes even more complex due to the fact that the real world is uncertain, continuous and vehicles interact with each other. Sensors that perceive the real world and measure quantities such as position and speed of other traffic objects are inherently noisy and are further susceptible to external conditions. On the other hand, the road users’ intentions are stochastic and not measurable, and the presence of partial or complete vision based occlusions can make any measurements obtained useless. The decision making unit thus has to be aware of these issues and use the limited knowledge available to anticipate future situations that could unfold in an infinite number of ways to then maximize a reward (or minimize a cost).In this thesis, a method to make automated longitudinal decisions along a predetermined path for autonomous vehicles in unsignalized urban scenarios is proposed. The decision mak- ing problem is formulated as a continuous Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) with a discrete Bayesian Network estimating the behavior of other traffic objects. The future evolution of states are predicted using a multi-model Trajectory Estimator along with the digital map of the current driving area. Since continuous spaces make the belief space infinitely large, calculation of the value function for this problem becomes computa- tionally intractable. The presented solver algorithm approximates the value function instead of computing it directly, and additional optimizations reduce the belief space exploration area in order to improve performance. The results show that this single generalized framework is able to handle all the tested urban scenarios with a good safety margin in scenes with multiple traffic objects, even under zero visibility of the other traffic objects due to the presence of occlusions.Mechanical Engineering | Systems and Contro
Emotion and reason in ethical decision making: the effect of habituation on judgements in ethical dilemmas
No full textResearch has shown that people approach ethical dilemmas based on if it is impersonal (i.e., more rational) or more personal (i.e., more emotional) in nature (e.g., see Greene, 2014, for a review). Further, there has been an abundance of evidence found in support of a dual process theory, which delineates between these two systems. In the present work, we sought to replicate those findings and investigate a method of shifting System 1 processing to System 2 processing, specifically in moral personal dilemmas. Our results showed some inconsistent results, in that our samples did not replicate previous effects. Further, the hypothesized method of shifting from System 1 to System 2 processing did not work, as hypothesized. Understanding the way people approach and make ethical decisions can have direct implications to the professional world. Future research should investigate individual differences or non-sacrificial ethical dilemmas, to extend the current work
Observations of the quasi-steady aerodynamic model of the Atalanta project for additional velocity conditions
No full textThis research work presents the observations of the updated quasi-steady aerodynamic model of the Atalanta project, a flapping wing Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) project, for additional velocity conditions. The main focus of this research work is to update the existing quasi-steady model of Q.Wang developed for hovering conditions since its performance under additional velocity conditions remains unexplored. This work thus examines the influence of the additional velocities on the computed aerodynamic loads such as lift, drag, and also the influence on the passive pitching motion.To incorporate the additional velocity into the quasi-steady model, the resultant translational velocity is computed by the vector addition of the kinematic velocity of the wing and the additional velocity. This is done by transforming the additional velocity in the inertial frame of reference to the co-rotating frame of reference, followed by the proper vector addition of the translational velocity components to compute the resultant translational velocity to be used in the aerodynamic load calculations.Observations reveal that the generated aerodynamic lift and drag, and the passive pitching motion vary depending on the orientation and the magnitude of the additional velocity with respect to the kinematic motion of the wing, and that the significance of influence of the additional velocity magnitude depends on the flapping frequency and the elastic hinge stiffness. The results observed are analyzed to understand the influence of various additional velocity conditions on the computed aerodynamic loads and the passive pitching motion.The updated model provides valuable insights into the behaviour of lift, drag, and passive pitching motion under various additional velocity conditions which can be used as a basis for approaching the solution of forward flight. These observations contribute to a better understanding of the aerodynamic quasi-steady model of the Atalanta project and pave the way for future research and experimental validation of the model.Mechanical Engineering | Precision and Microsystems Engineerin
Numerical analysis of conjugate heat transfer due to oblique impingement of turbulent slot jet onto a flat plate
No full textEffect of collector arrangement on the impaction efficiency of a multi-collector system
No full textAir filtration systems have been an essential means to maintain a clean environment and avoid health risks. The need to develop effective air filtration systems has been evident because of the immense increase in air pollution that poses a dire risk to the ecosystem. Conventional air filters are made of fibers that act as particle collectors. These fibers have random orientation and placement, and the filter relies on closely knit fibers to collect particles. Most filtration models used to quantify the particle collection in such systems assume that each fiber captures particles independently, uninfluenced by the neighboring fibers, thereby neglecting the effect of the relative orientation and placement of neighboring fibers on the particle collection. This study investigates the effect that the arrangement of cylindrical collectors has on the particle impaction efficiency of a multi-collector system using a simple two-cylinder model which represents any arbitrary pair of collectors placed in close vicinity. A numerical model is provided to analyze such a system and a detailed discussion for a Stokes number range of 0.2 – 100 is provided. The findings suggest that for Stokes numbers less than 10, the particle impaction on the collectors is very sensitive to the collector arrangement. Moreover, it was observed that for these Stokes numbers and appropriate collector arrangements the filter performance can be enhanced significantly. For Stokes numbers between 10 and 100 slight enhancements are possible in the filter performance for appropriate arrangements whereas for Stokes numbers greater than 100 the enhancement in the filter performance was found to be negligible. Furthermore, for Stokes numbers greater than 100 the study concluded that if the collectors are separated by at least a distance equivalent to one collector diameter in the transverse direction, collector arrangement does not have any effect on the particle impaction. The results also suggest that an ordered arrangement of collectors could result in an increment in the filter performance compared to a random arrangement. Finally, this study concludes that the effects of collector arrangement should be included in models used to investigate multi-collector systems, such as fibrous air filters. As a part of this study, a novel method of filtration has been introduced and analyzed. This novel method would use liquid bridges to replace the fibers of the conventional fibrous air filtration systems, to trap particles. This hypothesis is supported by preliminary proof-of-concept experiments.M.S.Includes bibliographical reference
Beyond the Canon: Whither Beyond?
No full textWithin a history of the deployment of the term "canon", the author of this article investigates the possibility of an extra-canonical literature and the role of heritage and the futuristic in literature through reweaving by appropriation. The history of English as an academic discipline, the roots and consequences of essentialism and nihilism, and the problems in approaching a work of literature by means of a "What is x?" question are also considered.
Opsomming Binne \u27n geskiedenis van die aanwending van die term "kanon", ondersoek die outeur van hierdie artikel die moontlikheid van \u27n ekstra-kanonieke literatuur en die rol van erfenis en die futuristiese in die literatuur deur dit met behulp van toe-eiening te herweef. Die geskiedenis van Engels as \u27n akademiese dissipline, die oorsprong en gevolge van die essensialisme en nihilisme, en die probleme wat ontstaan wanneer literatuur met \u27n "Wat is x?"-vraag benader word, word ook oorweeg
Immigration Legal Services as a Structural HIV Intervention for Latinx Sexual and Gender Minorities
No full textEstimation of J-integral for a Non-local Particle Model Using Atomistic Finite Element Method and Coupling Between Non-local Particle and Finite Element Methods
Get PDFabstract: In this paper, at first, analytical formulation of J-integral for a non-local particle model (VCPM) using atomic scale finite element method is proposed for fracture analysis of 2D solids. A brief review of classical continuum-based J-integral and anon-local lattice particle method is given first. Following this, detailed derivation for the J-integral in discrete particle system is given using the energy equivalence and stress-tensor mapping between the continuum mechanics and lattice-particle system.With the help of atomistic finite element method, the J-integral is expressed as a summation of the corresponding terms in the particle system.
Secondly, a coupling algorithm between a non-local particle method (VCPM) and the classical finite element method (FEM) is discussed to gain the advantages of both methods for fracture analysis in large structures. In this algorithm, the discrete VCPM particle and the continuum FEM domains are solved within a unified theoretical framework. A transitional element technology is developed to smoothly link the 10-particles element with the traditional FEM elements to guaranty the continuity and consistency at the coupling interface. An explicit algorithm for static simulation is developed.
Finally, numerical examples are illustrated for the accuracy, convergence, and path-independence of the derived J-integral formulation. Discussions on the comparison with alternative estimation methods and potential application for fracture simulation are given. The accuracy and efficiency of the coupling algorithm are tested by several benchmark problems such as static crack simulation.Dissertation/ThesisMasters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 201
