1,720,994 research outputs found
The acquisition of ergativity
No full textErgativity is one of the main challenges both for linguistic and acquisition theories. This book is unique, taking a cross-linguistic approach to the acquisition of ergativity in a large variety of typologically distinct languages. The chapters cover languages from different families and from different geographic areas with different expressions of ergativity. Each chapter includes a description of ergativity in the language(s), the nature of the input, the social context of acquisition and developmental patterns. Comparisons of the acquisition process across closely related languages are made, change in progress of the ergative systems is discussed and, for one language, acquisition by bilingual and monolingual children is compared. The volume will be of particular interest to language acquisition researchers, linguists, psycholinguists and cognitive scientists
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The acquisition of grammatical categories
Get PDFGrammatical categories encode conceptual domains and contrast them with others. They include the part-of-speech categories of words as well as morphological markers that encode functions like number, case, gender, tense, aspect or voice. In linguistic terminology, morphology deals with the grammar of words (Booij 2012), whereas syntax is concerned with the relationship between words. Words differ regarding the syntactic functions they can assume (part-of-speech category or word class), as well as their morphological structure: a word stem can be combined with inflectional and derivational affixes, or undergo stem changes to encode grammatical functions; and words can also take part in compositional processes to form new, more complex words (compounding, derivation). Grammatical morphology is typically encoded by affixes that combine with content words like verbs, nouns and adjectives. Typological research shows that languages differ widely regarding the categories they differentiate by means of morphology, and the way in which they do it (cf. Ch. 6). The language learning child has to segment complex morphological forms in order to identify the stem, but also in order to identify the function of the grammatical markers, and establish inflectional paradigms. When the system is fully mastered, the speaker is able to use the lexical items as well as the inflectional markers in the appropriate range of constructions, while also observing constraints in the use of these forms. Section 12.2 provides an introduction to the formal and functional specification of grammatical categories, followed by a characterization on the learning strategies needed to acquire complex grammatical forms (Section 12.3). After a discussion of typical morphological development and the criteria to assess development (Section 12.4), processes in acquiring the form-function mapping in plural formation and tense aspect marking will be discussed (Section 12.5)
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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