1,720,978 research outputs found
Parental and adolescent health behaviors and pathways to adulthood
Get PDFThis paper examines associations among parental and adolescent health behaviors and pathways to adulthood. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we identify a set of latent classes describing pathways into adulthood and examine health-related predictors of these pathways. Results also show that both adolescent and parental health behaviors differentiate pathways. When combined, parental/adolescent smoking and adolescent drinking are associated with displacement from the basic institutions of school, work, and family
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
miivfind: A command for identifying model-implied instrumental variables for structural equation models in Stata
Get PDFThis article presents a new Stata command, miivfind, that implements an algorithm developed by Bollen and Bauer (2004, Sociological Methods and Research 32: 425–452) to find the model-implied instrumental variables (MIIVs) from an identified structural equation model. MIIVs allow researchers to draw on instrumental-variable estimators, such as two-stage least-squares estimators, to obtain estimates for the parameters of a hypothesized structural equation model. It can be difficult to identify MIIVs by inspection of either a diagram of the model or the model equations. Two examples are provided that illustrate the use of miivfind to identify MIIVs and some of the advantages of a MIIV estimator as compared with a maximum likelihood estimator. By assisting in the process of finding MIIVs, miivfind facilitates the use of an alternative class of estimators, instrumental-variable estimators, to the standard maximum-likelihood and asymptotic-distribution free estimators available for structural equation models
An Examination of Potential Variation in the Benefits of Higher Education for Health and Wellbeing
Get PDFUnderstanding the implications of the significant expansion in higher education over the latter half of the 20th century remains one of the central questions of research in stratification and inequality. Attaining a college degree is associated with numerous advantages ranging from higher earnings to improved health and wellbeing. As higher education continues to expand, however, there is the possibility of increasing variation in the benefits of a college degree. Sociologists have begun to examine variation in the returns to higher education for earnings, civic participation, and fertility. This dissertation contributes to this line of research by analyzing variation in the health-related benefits of a college degree. Chapters 2 and 3 assess variation in the effects of higher education on health outcomes (self-rated health, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and smoking) and psychological wellbeing. Data are drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The analyses rely on an innovative approach to detecting variation in the effects of a college degree that is based in the counterfactual framework and uses propensity score models to obtain estimates of various treatment effects. Chapter 4 examines the potential use of auxiliary variables in the handling of missing data. Missing data is an issue, particularly for the background variables, in the analyses in Chapters 2 and 3. Methodologists recommend using auxiliary variables, variables that are in some way related to missing data but not otherwise of substantive interest, when addressing missing data. This chapter provides guidelines for when auxiliary variables are more or less likely to be beneficial for reducing bias, which were used to inform the handling of missing data in the earlier chapters
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
