141 research outputs found
When to regulate airports: A simple rule
No full textLanding fees at airports are regulated almost all over the world since airports are assumed to abuse their market power. We find that monopolistic airports have an incentive to restrain landing fees when they generate additional non-aviation revenues and that the optimal landing fee decreases in the degree of complementarity of aviation and non-aviation. Furthermore, we show that monopolistic airports will not have an incentive to abuse their market power anymore so that a price regulation becomes inappropriate as soon as non-aviation revenues increase above 50% of all airport revenues. --airport regulation,aviation and non-aviation revenues,complementarity of aviation and non-aviation,locational rents
Pakistan, politics and political business cycles
No full textThis paper studies whether in Pakistan the dynamic behavior of unemployment, inflation, budget deficit and real GDP growth is systematically affected by the timing of elections. We cover the period from 1973-2009. Our results can be summarized as follows: 1. Unemployment tends to be lower in pre-election periods and tends to increase immediately after elections, perhaps as a result of politically motivated employment schemes. 2. In ation tend to be lower in preelection periods, perhaps as a result of pre-electoral price regulation. 3. We find election year increases in the governmental budget deficit, financed by heavy government borrowings from the central bank and banking sector. 4. Real GDP growth and real governmental investment growth declines during pre and post election terms. --Opportunistic Political Business Cycle,Fiscal Policy,Macroeconomics,Elections,Asia,Pakistan
EAF Ladle Steel Slag as a Geo-Material: Compaction and Shear Strength Characteristics
No full textİrem Zeynep Yıldırım (MEF Author)##nofulltext##The numerous issues associated with the excess steel slag that is disposed of in landfills every year can be reduced by using it as a geo-material. This paper provides the results of laboratory tests (i.e., sieve, hydrometer, specific gravity, compaction, compaction-particle degradation, and large-scale direct shear with a box size of 30.5 x 30.5 x 20 cm) performed on electric-arc-furnace ladle [EAF(L)] steel slag from a mini-mill in Indiana. Based on standard proctor test results, the maximum dry unit weight values of the EAF(L) steel slag were in the 16.8-to-20 kN/m(3) range at the optimum moisture contents of 11-13%. The results of the large-scale direct shear tests performed on EAF(L) steel slag, compacted at 95-100% relative compaction and sheared with normal stress ranging from 50 to 300 kPa, showed that it has excellent frictional characteristics, with friction angles between 40 and 45 degrees. Based on the results from this study, due to its shear strength characteristics, EAF(L) steel slag has the potential to be utilized as a geo-material to improve the shear strength of various marginal soils.WOS:0004370007000122-s2.0-85048741251Conference Proceedings Citation Index- ScienceProceedings PaperMartYÖK - 2017-1
Family Resilience and Dyadic Coping during the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Their Protective Role in Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being
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Family Resilience and Dyadic Coping during the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Their Protective Role in Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being
by Francesca Giorgia Paleari 1,*ORCID,Irem Ertan 1ORCID,Lucrezia Cavagnis 1ORCID andSilvia Donato 2ORCID
1
Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy
2
Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(18), 6719; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20186719
Received: 5 July 2023 / Revised: 14 August 2023 / Accepted: 25 August 2023 / Published: 6 September 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protecting and Promoting Family Members’ Psychological Health in Challenging Times)
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has dramatically worsened people’s psychological well-being. Our aim was to examine for the first time the concurrent and longitudinal relations of family resilience with hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and the moderating role of socio-demographics. For people having a romantic partner, we also explored whether family resilience and dyadic coping were uniquely related to well-being. One cross-sectional study (N = 325) and one 10-week follow-up study (N = 112) were carried out during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic (April–May 2020) in Northern Italy. Adult participants completed an online questionnaire in both studies. Correlation, multivariate regression, and moderation analyses were carried out with IBM SPSS version 28 and its PROCESS macro. Significance of differences in correlation and regression coefficients was tested through Steiger’s procedure, Wald test, and SUEST method. Family resilience was found to relate more strongly to eudaimonic (versus hedonic) well-being concurrently and to hedonic (versus eudaimonic) well-being longitudinally. The concurrent or longitudinal relations with hedonic well-being were generally stronger for females, part-time workers, and people undergoing multiple stressors. For people having a romantic partner, family resilience was concurrently associated with well-being independently of dyadic coping, whereas dyadic coping was longitudinally related to well-being independently of family resilience. Family resilience was found to protect, in the short term, the psychological well-being of people facing the pandemic outbreak. Its protective role mainly concerned hedonic well-being and was more pronounced for more vulnerable people. For persons having a romantic partner, however, dyadic coping seemed to have equal, if not greater, positive short-term effects
Derivative formulas related to unification of generating functions for Sheffer type sequences
No full textInternational Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics (ICNAAM) -- SEP 13-18, 2018 -- Rhodes, GREECEKUCUKOGLU, IREM/0000-0001-9100-2252The main aim of this paper is to present partial derivative formulas for an unification, which was introduced by the author in "Unification of the generating functions for Sheffer type sequences and their applications, preprint", of Sheffer type sequences including the Peters polynomials, the Boole polynomials, the Changhee polynomials, the Simsek polynomials and the Korobov polynomials of the first kind. By making use of these derivative formulas, we provide a recurrence relation and a derivative formula for this unification. Furthermore, by using recurrence relation for this unification, we present miscellaneous special cases of this unification. Finally, we give some derivative formulas related to the well-known Sheffer type sequences such us the Peters polynomials and the Simsek polynomials.European Soc Computat Methods Sci & Eng
The Traces of Feminism in Essays of Elif Şafak
No full textBu çalışmamızda, Elif Şafak’ın gazete ve dergilerde yayınlanan deneme yazılarını
derlediği dört deneme kitabı, sabit karşılaştırmalı analiz ve söylem analizi yöntemleriyle
incelenerek, bu kitaplarda yer alan yazılardaki kadın-erkek, kadın-kadın ikili karşıtlıkları,
yazarın kadına özgün bakış açısı ve bu bakış açısında yazarın feminist söylemleriyle
çelişen ifadeler olup olmadığı, yazarın egemen ataerkil söylemin yeniden üretilmesine
katkıda bulunup bulunmadığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Sabit karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemiyle, dört kitap taranmış ve çalışmamıza uygun
olabilecek, tekrar gösteren temalar çerçevesinde metin örnekleri seçilmiş, bu örnekler,
gruplara ayrılarak, yukarıda adı geçen başlıklara ve temalara hizmet edip etmediği,
mevcut teoriler baz alınarak saptanmaya çalışılmış ve eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemi ile
değerlendirilmiştir.
Feminizmin elbette ki tek bir görüşü ya da algısı bulunmamaktadır. Bu konuda üretilmiş
sayısız teori mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada özellikle feminizmin çıkış noktası olarak ele alınan
ikili karşıtlıklar/ikilikler baz alınmıştır. Diğer temalar da ikili karşıtlıklar/ikilikler
üzerinden, yeni karşıtlıklar kümeleri yaratılıp yaratılmadığı, mevcut kümelerin beslenip
beslenilmediği dikkate alınarak şekillendirilmiştir. Sonuçta Şafak’ın kadın erkek ikili
karşıtlıklar kümesine hizmet eden, ataerkil söylemi yeniden üreten, kendi içerisinde yeni
kadınlık kümeleri ya da stereotipler yaratan ve bir kümeyi diğerine ötekileştiren
açıklamaları, karşılaştırmalı örneklerle tespit edilmiştir.In this body of work, four books by Elif Şafak containing her essays published in
various newspapers and magazines are discussed constant comparative analysis and
discourse analysis to derive binary oppositions in male-female & female-female
relationships, the female-centered perspective of the author and consecutive feminist
approach to identify if her point of view conflicts with the feminist rhetoric or
contributes to the reproduction of the dominant patriarchal discourse.
The four books have been dealt with using constant comparative analysis and relevant
repeating themes have been selected and categorized to compare with existing theories,
identify if they serve the feminist discourse and analyze in relation to the topics
mentioned above in the light of critical discourse analysis.
Feminism supersedes any single perspective or perception. A limitless number of
theories have been constructed in this subject. This analysis focuses on binary
oppositions/dualities as a starting point. The rest of the themes have been developed
considering binary oppositions/dualities, whether they reproduce new sets of
oppositions or nurture existing sets of discourse. As a conclusion, examples in Şafak’s
bibliography which complement the set of male-female binary oppositions, reproduce
the patriarchal discourse, produce new sets or stereotypes of femininity or otherize one
set to another have been identified with comparative examples
Gaziantep O?uzeli-Dokuzyol village reuse proposal; Example of Ezogelin Barak culture center
No full textDokuzyol village is a settlement 17 km away from Gaziantep Oǧuzeli district, within the Barak Plain boundaries. The old name of this village is Uruş; it is also known as Ezo Gelin's village because it is the birthplace of the legendary Ezo Gelin in folklore. There are traditional abode buildings in the village, but some have been abandoned, and village people have started to prefer reinforced concrete structures. Rural architecture is an embodiment of cultural heritage; therefore, preserving and transferring it to future generations is an essential cultural continuity element. The main reason for choosing this village is that there are examples of traditional abode architecture. To maintain the Barak Culture, an abode cultural center named Ezo Gelin was built in 2018. Cultural center seldom is used and haven't served its main purpose. The aim of this research is develop a renovation for Ezo Gelin Barak Culture Center, which was built with great investment but not used and to draw attention the abode building in the village. In this research adobe buildings of Dokuzyol village were documented with traditional method and function suggestions for the protection of buildings have been developed within scope of the Interior Architecture education survey course. It has been suggested that some of the unused abode buildings in the village to serve for the new function of Ezo Gelin Barak Culture Center. The proposal developed for Ezo Gelin Barak Cultural Center aims to contribute to rural tourism and cultural heritage. © 2022 Author(s)
Evaluating distance education performance within the scope of architectural education
No full textTurkey is affected by the COVID-19 pandemic widely as well as all around the world. There is also a global impact in the field of education. Several precautions were taken for preventing infection from COVID-19 at a minimal level. One of the taken precautions is launching a distance education system (DES). DES started to practice from primary to higher education easily and swiftly. This system is an alternative to the existing education system. However, universities' architecture departments that have theoretical courses besides applied courses, are known that they are hard to put to set, moreover, most of them hesitate to start distance education due to characteristics of architectural education. Architectural education teaches codifying phenomenon, concepts, thoughts visually with the help of symbols and teach to analyse these codes. This tenet involves different processes from a student's former education life. Therefore, to reach the aims of architectural education features' and actualization level of learning is essential. Professional schools give privileged status to systemic, preferably scientific knowledge, and the schools' prevailing epistemology of practice, treats professional competence as the application ok privileged knowledge to instrumental problems of practice. When architectural education is considered as a process to gain essential skills, it can be seen that how active learning is important. It does not seem possible to perform "active learning"requirements with the distance education system's existing opportunities and architecture students will perform "passive learning"during DES is thought. This study focuses on how DES is made productive for architectural education which started to use due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The main aim of this research is to determine problems of architecture students and instructors related to distance architecture education and offering solutions. Additionally, this research goals to contribute to the limited distance architecture education system. To reach these aims questionnaire forms were constituted toward interviews with both architecture students and instructors and from the literature review. Questionnaires were prepared separately for students and lecturers. This procedure aims to offer an integrated solution by gathering different perspectives of participants. Data of the project were acquired by applying online questionnaires to participants via e-mail. Obtained data were analysed statistically using SPSS 22.0 software. This research will make a remarkable contribution about how active learning at applied courses can be increased during DES at architectural schools by presenting qualitative and quantitative findings. © 2022 Author(s)
Self‐Regulation: Relations with Theory of Mind and Social Behaviour
No full textHarma, Mehmet/0000-0002-3955-1526; Korucu, Irem/0000-0001-7185-2284It is argued that self-regulation skill is necessary both for displaying constructive behaviour and for controlling negative social behaviour, and self-regulation might affect social behaviours by increasing the ability to understand others' minds. In this research, in order to examine different aspects of self-regulation and their similarities and differences in terms of their relations with other constructs, we focused on both effortful control and executive function and investigated their concurrent associations with socially competent and aggressive behaviours and theory of mind (ToM). The participants were 212 preschool children in Turkey. We assessed executive functions with behavioural measures and effortful control with mother reports. We used six tasks for comprehensive assessment of mental state understanding. Children's social competency and aggressive behaviour were assessed with teacher reports. Structural equation modelling results showed that when age and receptive language were controlled, ToM was significantly associated with social competence but not aggressive behaviour. Both effortful control and executive functions were significantly related to social competency and ToM; the pathways from each self-regulation skill were similar in strength. ToM was linked with social competence, but it did not have a mediating role in the relations of self-regulation with social competence. The findings highlighted the importance of self-regulation for socio-cognitive and social development in the preschool years. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TUBITAK 111 K404]This study is part of the MA thesis of the first author, Irem Korucu, who is currently at Purdue University. The data were drawn from a larger project supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK 111 K404) awarded to the second author, Bilge Selcuk (Yagmurlu). We are grateful to the parents and children who participated in the study
Drei Abhandlungen über Wirtschaftspolitik zur Beeinflussung des Wahlverhaltens und politische Konjunkturzylen
No full textThis thesis comprises of three research studies undertaken on three important topics of political economics. The first paper (chapter 2) "Bread and the attrition of power: Economic events and German election results'' has analyzed the German's voting behavior in response to the economic situations prevailing during the postwar period 1953-2005. This paper has been a modified and extended version of the Hibbs "Bread and Peace Model'' and result shows that real per capita disposable income growth is the only economic variable that explains the incumbent aggregate vote share in Germany. The second paper (chapter 3) "Pakistan, Politics and Political Business Cycles'' relates to Pakistan's experience in terms of politics, economics and political business cycles. This paper investigates the presence of political business cycles in various macroeconomic indicators during the period 1973-2009. The third paper (chapter 4) "Pakistan Central Bank Independence and Electoral Politics'' examines the existence of political monetary cycles in Pakistan, keeping in view the independence of the State Bank of Pakistan. Each of these three chapters is a self-contained unit, provides empirical evidence enriched with modern sophisticated econometric techniques and provides useful policy implications. Although the substance uncovered in the three chapters is different to each other, but they are all based on the common concept of "economic voting'' and its implications on economy, politics and other institutions.
Chapter two studies the German's voting behavior in response to economic situations prevailing during the period 1953-2005. Empirical results suggest that German voters are backward-looking and they consider the whole legislative term with only small discounting of past events. They are concerned about national economic well-being, vote according to the per capita real disposable income growth of the economy. As in Hibbs (2008) for the United States, we find that the aggregate votes for incumbent parties in post-war Germany were determined by the weighted-average growth of real per capita disposable income. Each percentage point of per capita real disposable income growth sustained over the legislative term yielded approximately two percentage points of votes in Germany. No other economic variables add value or significantly perturb the coefficients of our model. However, attrition of power is turned out to be another important variable in the case of Germany that has reduced the vote share in election years 1961, 1994 and 1998.
Chapter three focuses on the opportunistic politicians' behavior in terms of manipulation of the macroeconomic indicators during the election period. Research study has been carried out to study whether in Pakistan the dynamic behavior of unemployment, inflation, budget deficit and real GDP growth is systematically affected by the timing of elections. We have covered the period from 1973-2009 that comprises of seven election terms. Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) Model and Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models with political dummies have been used to investigate the presence of political business cycles in Pakistan. Results show that unemployment tends to be lower in pre-election periods and tends to increase immediately after elections, perhaps as a result of politically motivated employment schemes. Inflation tends to be lower in pre-election periods, perhaps as a result of pre-electoral price regulation. Similarly we find an increase in the governmental budget deficit financed by heavy government borrowings from the central bank and banking sector during the election year. However, real GDP growth and real governmental investment growth declines during pre and post election years, may be as a result of inefficient resource allocation.
Chapter four attempts to examine the Pakistan's central bank independence and the existence of political monetary cycles (PMC) during the period 1985-2010. Existence of such cycles demonstrates the opportunistic political behavior as well as the non-independence of central bank in its monetary operations. Despite various amendments that have been made to strengthen the autonomy of Pakistan's central bank during the decade 1990s, it has been witnessed that Pakistan's central bank is still among the list of least independent central banks. The same picture has been exhibited by the rising fiscal deficit and deficit financing trend during the period 1985-2010. Considering this status, one may suspect the existence of political monetary cycles in Pakistan. Using quarterly data for the period 1985Q1-2010Q4, we have estimated the central bank monetary policy reaction function. Empirical results allow us to conclude that whenever there is an increase in the real output gap or real GDP growth and inflationary pressures in the economy, the central bank tighten its monetary policy by raising the discount rate. To test the existence of political monetary cycles, we have introduced some political dummies in the estimated baseline models. Pre-election political dummies are found to be negative and significant, accepting the PMC hypothesis that the central bank facilitates the incumbent parties in the run up to election by reducing the interest rate during the underlying study period in Pakistan.Diese Arbeit besteht aus drei Studien zu jeweils einem wichtigen Thema aus dem Bereich der politischen Ökonomie. Das erste Forschungsthema ``Brot und Machtverfall: Volkswirtschaftliche Ergebnisse und Deutsche Wahlergebnisse'' analysiert das Wahlverhalten der Deutschen als Reaktion auf die eigene wirtschaftliche Situation in den Jahren 1953 bis 2005 und ist in ``Public Choice'' (2009) VR. 141, S. 151 -169 veröffentlicht. Diese Studie ist eine modifizierte und erweiterte Version des ``Brot- und Friedensmodells'' von Hibbs und die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Wachstum des real verfügbaren Pro-Kopf-Einkommens die einzige ökonomische Variable ist, die den Stimmenanteil der bis dato regierenden Partei bzw. Koalition erklärt. Die zweite Studie (Kapitel 3) ``Pakistan, Politik und politische Konjunkturzyklen'' bezieht sich auf die pakistanische Erfahrung in Bezug auf Politik, Wirtschaft und politische Konjunkturzyklen. Es wird die Präsenz von politischen Konjunkturzyklen in Hinsicht auf verschiedene makroökonomische Indikatoren im Zeitraum von 1973 bis 2009 untersucht. Der dritte Beitrag (Kapitel 4) ``Pakistan die Unabhängigkeit der Zentralbank und parlamentarische Politik'' untersucht die Existenz von politischen monetären Kreisläufen in Pakistan in Hinblick auf die Unabhängigkeit der Zentralbank of Pakistan. Jedes dieser drei Kapitel ist eine in sich geschlossene Einheit, liefert empirische Beweise anhand moderner ökonometrischer Methoden und liefert hilfreiche politische Implikationen.Obwohl die Kapitel unterschiedliche inhaltliche Schwerpunkte setzen, beziehen sich alle auf das Konzept von demokratischer Abstimmungen und deren Auswirkungen auf Wirtschaft, Politik und andere Institutionen.
Kapitel 2 untersucht das deutsche Wahlverhalten in Reaktion auf die wirtschaftlichen Situationen während des Zeitraums 1953 bis 2005. Empirische Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass Wähler in Deutschland eine gesamte Legislaturperiode rückblickend und dabei nur schwach distanzierend bewerten. Sie sind besorgt über ihr eigenes wirtschaftliches Wohlergehen, sodass sie auf Basis des real verfügbaren Pro-Kopf-Einkommens der Volkswirtschaft abstimmen. Genauso wie Hibbs (2008) für die Vereinigten Staaten herausfand, konnte auch für die etablierten Parteien im Nachkriegsdeutschland eine Stimmenabhängigkeit vom durchschnittlichen Wachstum des realen Pro-Kopf-Einkommens bestimmt werden. Jeder Prozentpunkt des Pro-Kopf-Wachstums des verfügbaren Realeinkommens in einer Legislaturperiode, ergab nachhaltig rund zwei Prozentpunkte mehr der Stimmen in Deutschland. Keine andere ökonomische Variable stört oder schwächt die Aussagekraft der Koeffizienten des Modells signifikant. Allerdings stellt der Machtverfall eine weitere wichtige Variable in Deutschland dar, welche sich negativ auf die Stimmvergabe in den Wahljahren 1961, 1994 und 1998 auswirkte.
Kapitel 3 konzentriert sich auf das Verhalten von opportunistischen Politikern in Bezug auf die Manipulation der makro-ökonomischen Indikatoren. Dieser Forschungsbeitrag ist durchgeführt worden um zu untersuchen ob in Pakistan das dynamische Verhalten von Arbeitslosigkeit, Inflation, Haushaltsdefizit und dem realen BIP-Wachstum systematisch durch den Zeitpunkt der Wahlen beeinflusst wird. Wir haben den Zeitraum von 1973 bis 2009 abgedeckt, der sieben Wahlzyklen umfasst. Das Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) Modell und das Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Modell mit politischen Dummys wurde verwendet, um das Vorhandensein von politischen Konjunkturzyklen in Pakistan zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Arbeitslosigkeit tendenziell in Wahlkampfzeiten niedriger ist und dazu neigt, sofort nach den Wahlen zu steigen, vielleicht als Folge der politisch motivierten Beschäftigungsprogramme. Die Inflation ist in Wahlkampfzeiten tendenziell niedriger, vielleicht als Folge der im Vorfeld der Wahlen stattfindenden Preisregulierung. Ebenso finden wir eine Erhöhung des staatlichen Haushaltsdefizits durch eine massive Kreditaufnahme bei der Zentralbank und des Bankensektors im Wahljahr. Doch das reale BIP-Wachstum und das reale staatliche Investitionswachstum sinkt wahrend der Pre- und Post-Wahljahre, was als Ergebnis einer ineffizienten Ressourcenallokation gewertet werden kann.
Kapitel 4 versucht zu begutachten, wie sich die Unabhängigkeit der Zentralbank in Pakistan und die Existenz von politischen monetären Zyklen (PMC) im Zeitraum von 1985 bis 2010 darstellt. Die Existenz solcher Zyklen deutet auf opportunistisches politisches Verhalten sowie die Nicht-Unabhängigkeit der Zentralbank bei ihren geldpolitischen Operationen hin. Trotz verschiedener Änderungen, die gemacht wurden um die Autonomie der Zentralbank Pakistans in der Dekade der 1990er Jahre zu stärken, ist zu beobachten, dass Pakistans Zentralbank noch auf der Liste der am wenigsten unabhängigen Zentralbanken zu finden ist. Das gleiche Bild ergibt sich durch das steigende Haushaltsdefizit und den Trend der Defizitfinanzierung während der Zeit von 1985 bis 2010. Angesichts dieses Status kann man vermuten, dass politische monetäre Zyklen in Pakistan existieren. Mit vierteljährlichen Daten für den Zeitraum 1. Quartal 1985 bis 4. Quartal 2010, haben wir die geldpolitische Reaktionsfunktion der Zentralbank geschätzt. Empirische Ergebnisse bringen uns zu dem Schluss, dass, wenn es zu einer Erhöhung der realen Output-Lücke, des realen BIP-Wachstums und dem Inflationsdruck in der Volkswirtschaft kommt, die Zentralbank ihre Geldpolitik durch die Erhöhung des Zinssatzes verschärft. Um die Existenz von politischen monetären Zyklen zu testen, haben wir einige politische Dummys in die geschätzten Basis-Modelle eingeführt. Politische Dummys bei Vorwahlen erwiesen sich als negativ und signifikant, was zu der Annahme der PMC Hypothese, dass die Zentralbank in Pakistan die Regierungsparteien im Vorfeld der Wahlen durch Verringerung des Zinssatzes unterstützt, führt
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