15 research outputs found

    La explotación del maguey pulquero en la zona de Metztitlan: datos etnográficos y arqueológicos. Dimensión Antropológica Vol. 13 Año 5 (1998) mayo-agosto

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    Álvarez P., A. Ma. y G. Cassiano, "El patrón de asentamiento y las etapas del desarrollo cultural prehispánico en el área de Metztitlan, Hgo." en A. García Díaz et al. Homenaje a la Doctora Beatriz Barba de Piña Chan, México, INAH, (Científica 343), 1997, pp. 223-236.Cantú Treviño, S., "La vega de Metztitlan en el estado de Hidalgo", en Boletín de la Sociedad Mexicana de Geografía y Estadística, 1953, LXXV, p. 1-3.Cassiano, G. y A. Vázquez C., "Oyapa: evidencias de poblamiento temprano", en Arqueología Segunda época, núm. 4, México, Coordinación Nacional de Arqueología-INAH, 1990, pp. 25-40.Chaves, G., de, "Relación de Metztitlan", en R. Acuña (ed.), Relaciones Geográficas del siglo XVI, México, UNAM, (II Serie Antropológica), 1986, p. 55.Cobean, R.H., "Principales yacimientos de obsidiana en el Altiplano Central", en Arqueología, Segunda época, núm. 5, México, Coordinación Nacional de Arqueología-INAH, 1991, pp. 9-31.García, E., Modificaciones al sistema de clasificación climática de koppen, México, Offset Larios, 1988.Ortiz Calderón, G., "La vegetación xerófila de la barranca de Metztitilan, Hgo", tesis, México, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales-UNAM, 1980.Parsons, J.R. y M.H. Parsons, "Maguey Utilization in Highland Central México", en Anthropological Papers 82, Ann Arbour, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, 1990.Rangel Calderón, S., "Etnobotánica de los agaves del Valle del Mezquital", tesis, México, ENEP-Iztcala, UNAM, 1987.Rojas Rabiela, T., Las siembras de ayer. La agricultura del siglo XVI, México, CIESAS, 1989.Ruvalcaba Mercado, J., El maguey manso. Historia y presente de Epazoyucan, Hgo., México, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (Cuadernos Universitarios. Serie Ciencias Sociales, núm. 4), 1983.Sánchez Mejorada, H., Manual de campo de las cactaceas y suculentas de la barranca de Metztitlan, México, Sociedad Mexicana de Cactología (Publicación de Difusión Cultural 2), 1978.Serra Puche, M., "Terremote Tlatenco. Los recursos lacustres de la Cuenca de México durante el Formativo", tesis, México, UNAM, 1985.Tejeda Galicia, C.M., "Estudio geológico de reconocimiento en la parte central y sur del estado de Hidalgo", tesis, México, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura-IPN, 1978.Este trabajo es parte de las investigaciones del proyecto arqueológico Vega de Metztitlan y constituye uno de los diferentes acercamientos al problema de la relación entre la distribución espacial de los sitios arqueológicos y las actividades de subsistencia, en este caso aplicamos la analogía etnográfica y la inferencia paleoambiental

    Dietary Micronutrient Intake in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: Relationship with Nutrition and Inflammation Status

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    ♦ Objective To compare dietary intake of micronutrients by peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients according to their nutrition and inflammatory statuses. ♦ Design This cross-sectional study evaluated 73 patients using subjective global assessment, 24-hour dietary recall, and markers of inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 6]. ♦Results Half the patients had an inadequate micro-nutrient intake. Compared with dietary reference intakes, malnourished patients had lower intakes of iron (11 mg) and of vitamins C (45 mg) and B6 (0.8 mg). Malnourished and well-nourished patients both had lower intakes of sodium (366 mg, 524 mg respectively), potassium (1555 mg, 1963 mg), zinc (5 mg, 7 mg), calcium (645 mg, 710 mg), magnesium (161 mg, 172 mg), niacin (8 mg, 9 mg), folic acid (0.14 mg, 0.19 mg), and vitamin A (365 μg, 404 μg). Markers of inflammation were higher in malnourished than in well-nourished subjects. Compared with patients in lower quartiles, patients in the highest CRP quartile had lower intakes (p &lt; 0.05) of sodium (241 mg vs 404 mg), calcium (453 mg vs 702 mg), vitamin B2 (0.88 mg vs 1.20 mg), and particularly vitamin A (207 μg vs 522 μg). ♦Conclusions Among PD patients, half had inadequate dietary intakes of iron, zinc, calcium and vitamins A, B6, C, niacin, and folic acid. Lower micronutrient intakes were associated with malnutrition and inflammation. Patients with inflammation had lower intakes of sodium, calcium, and vitamins A and B2. Micronutrient intake must be investigated in various populations so as to tailor adequate supplementation. </jats:sec

    Cold cracking in DC-cast high strength aluminum alloy ingots: An intrinsic problem intensified by casting process parameters

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    For almost half a century the catastrophic failure of direct chill (DC) cast high strength aluminum alloys has been challenging the production of sound ingots. To overcome this problem, a criterion is required that can assist the researchers in predicting the critical conditions which facilitate the catastrophic failure of the ingots. This could be achieved at first glance by application of computer simulations to assess the level and distribution of residual thermal stresses. However, the simulation results are only able to show the critical locations and conditions where and when high stresses may appear in the ingots. The prediction of critical void/crack size requires simultaneous application of fracture mechanics. In this paper, we present the thermo-mechanical simulation results that indicate the critical crack size distribution in several DC-cast billets cast at various casting conditions. The simulation results were validated upon experimental DC-casting trials and revealed that the existence of voids/cracks with a considerable size is required for cold cracking to occur.Materials Science & EngineeringMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin

    INAH Schools and Teaching Museography-Museology

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    Arraham Jalil, Bertha (1996), Daniel F. Rubín de la Borbolla (1907-1990); Testimonios y fuentes, México, UNAM/Centro de Investigación y Servicios Museológicos, vol. 1.Asociación de Museónomos México/OEA (1977); Boletín A.M.M.O.E.A., núm. 1, México.Ávila, Agustín (1995), “Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia”, en J. C. Olivé Negrete (coord.), INAH. Una historia: antecedentes, organización, funcionamiento y servicios, México, INAH, vol. 1, pp. 311-328.Chanfón Olmos, Carlos (1977); “La Escuela Nacional de Conservación, Restauración y Museografía”, en Antropología e Historia, Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, III época, núm. 20, octubre-diciembre, pp. 61-64.Churubusco México/OEA (s/f); Curso Interamericano de Capacitación Museográfica. Información General.Escuela Nacional de Antropología (1944); Anuario.Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (1945); Anuario.——— (1946); Anuario.——— (1947); Anuario.——— (1948); Anuario.——— (1949); Anuario.——— (1950); Anuario.——— (1951); Anuario.——— (1952); Anuario.——— (1953); Anuario.——— (1954); Anuario.——— (1955); Anuario.Escuela Nacional de Conservación, Restauración y Museografía “Manuel del Castillo Negrete” (s/f); Maestría en Museología, Folleto de difusión.——— (s/f); Especialización Museográfica, Folleto de difusión.——— (s/f); Especialización en museos. Folleto de difusión.——— (s/f); Curso de Especialización museográfica 94-95, Folleto difusión.——— (s/f); Cursos interamericanos de capacitación Museográfica ‘91, Folleto.——— (s/f); Curso de Museografía aplicada, Diplomado Técnico 90-91, Folleto.Espinoza Chávez, Agustín (1981); “La restauración, aspectos teóricos e históricos”, tesis de licenciatura en Restauración, México, ENCRYM-INAH.Estrada, Elba (1996); “La Especialización Museográfica en la Escuela Nacional de Conservación, Restauración y Museografía del INAH”, Inventario Antropológico, Anuario de la Revista Alteridades, vol. 2, México, UAM, pp. 341 a 348.Gómez Urquiza de la Macorra, Mercedes (1994-1995); “Memoria historiada de la Escuela Nacional de Restauración”, México en el Tiempo, núm. 4, diciembre-enero, pp. 105-109.——— (1996a); “Cursos de formación”, Gaceta de Museos, Órgano Informativo del Centro de Documentación Museológica de la Coordinación Nacional de Museos y Ex-posiciones del INAH, núm. 2, junio, pp. 7-8.——— (1996b); “Pensum de la carrera de restauración”, Gaceta de Museos, Órgano Informativo del Centro de Documentación Museológica, núm. 2, junio, México, pp. 5-6.——— (1996c); “El restaurador hacia el futuro”, Revista Mexicana de Cultura, suplemento de El Nacional, 14 de julio, México pp. 8-9.——— (1996d); “Cursos de Formación”, Gaceta de Museos, Órgano informativo del Centro de Documentación Museológica, núm. 2, junio, México, pp. 7-8.——— (s/f), “Breve análisis y propuesta para la Escuela Nacional de Conservación, Restauración y Museografía”, mecanoescrito.INAH (1963); Ley Orgánica del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México, INAH.——— (1980); Reglamento de admisión del INAH, México, Delegación sindical D-II-24 Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación.——— (1981); Condiciones generales de trabajo, México, INAH.——— (1983); Reglamento de Capacitación y Becas, México, INAH.——— (1990); Reglamento del Museo Nacional de Arqueología, Historia y Etnografía, facs. de la 1a ed., de 1923, México, INAH.Lacouture, Felipe (1972); “Aspectos de la formación del personal”, Museum, vol. XXXIV, núm. 2, UNESCO, pp. 90-100.Litvak King, Jaime (s/f); “La Escuela Nacional de Antropología: sus tradiciones y sus adaptaciones a nuevas condiciones”, en Eyra Cárdenas Barahona (coord.), Memorias 60 años de la ENAH, México, ENAH.Mendoza, Gumesindo (1877), “Prólogo”, Anales del Museo Nacional de México, t. I.Montero Alarcón, Sergio Arturo (1995); “Escuela Nacional de Conservación, Restauración y Museografía”, en Julio César Olivé Negrete (coord.) INAH. Una historia. Antecedentes, organización, funcionamiento y servicios, México, INAH, vol. 1.——— (2003); “Actualización de los datos históricos de la Escuela Nacional de Conservación, Restauración y Museografía (1988-1991)”, en Julio César Olivé Negrete (coord.) INAH. Una historia, México, INAH, vol. I.Moreno Guzmán, María Olvido (2005); “Estudio de egresados de las maestrías en Museología en México”, tesis para obtener el grado en maestra en Educación, México, YMCA.——— (s/f), “Guía general del archivo histórico ENAH 2002”, Boletín Cultural ENAH, Órgano Informativo y Cultural de la Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia.Organización de Estados Americanos (1977); Manual becarios de la Organización de los Estados Americanos, Washington, D.C., OEA, Secretaría General.Poniatowska, Elena (2004); Miguel Covarrubias. Vida y mundos, México, Era.Rubín de la Borbolla, Daniel F. (1953); México: Monumentos Históricos y Arqueológicos, núm. 145, México, Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia.Rutsch, Mechthild (2007); Entre el campo y el gabinete. Nacionales y extranjeros en la profesionalización de la antropología mexicana (1877-1920), México, INAH/UNAM.Vázquez Olvera, Carlos (2004a); “Curso de especialización en museología de Brasil, una de las escasas propuestas para la formación de profesionales de museos en Latinoamérica”, Diario de Campo. Boletín Interno de los Investigadores del Área de Antropología, núm. 63, marzo, pp. 22-26.——— (2004b); Felipe Lacouture Fornelli, museólogo mexicano, México, INAH.——— (2005a); Iker Larrauri, museógrafo mexicano, México, INAH.——— (2005b); Alfonso Soto Soria, museógrafo mexicano, México, INAH.——— (2008a); “La participación infantil como motor del origen y desarrollo de los museos escolares”, Cuicuilco, Revista de la Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, nueva época, vol. 15, núm. 44, septiembre-diciembre, pp. 111-134.——— (2008b); “Mario Vázquez Ruvalcaba, museógrafo mexicano”, mecanoescrito.Zengui, Guillermo de (1972); “El arte de salvar el arte. El Centro Paul Coremans, sede de un programa interamericano de conservación del patrimonio cultural”, Américas, vol. 24, núm. 10, octubre, pp. 3-10.  El texto expone una reconstrucción detallada, esquemática y respaldada con fuentes bibliográficas acerca de las instituciones educativas y los centros de investigación que se han dedicado a la formación de especialistas en el quehacer en los museos, tanto en México como en Latinoamérica y el Caribe. Se explica con precisión la conformación de los planes y programas de estudio, de los cursos de formación y especialización en el quehacer museológico-museográfico, y la importancia de revalorizar las funciones de que se ocupa para apoyar las tareas de conservación del patrimonio cultural del país.The text presents a detailed, schematic reconstruction backed by bibliographical references on educational institutions and research centers devoted to training specialists who work in museums in Mexico, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Explanations cover plans and programs of study, training and specialization courses in the museological-museographic field, and the importance of reappraising the functions that offer support to the preservation of the country’s cultural heritage

    Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

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    Background: The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the first of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantification, particularly of modifiable risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution. Methods: Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) have been estimated for 79 risks or clusters of risks using the GBD 2010 methods. Risk-outcome pairs meeting explicit evidence criteria were assessed for 188 countries for the period 1990-2013 by age and sex using three inputs: risk exposure, relative risks, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL). Risks are organised into a hierarchy with blocks of behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks at the first level of the hierarchy. The next level in the hierarchy includes nine clusters of related risks and two individual risks, with more detail provided at levels 3 and 4 of the hierarchy. Compared with GBD 2010, six new risk factors have been added: handwashing practices, occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, childhood wasting, childhood stunting, unsafe sex, and low glomerular filtration rate. For most risks, data for exposure were synthesised with a Bayesian metaregression method, DisMod-MR 2.0, or spatial-temporal Gaussian process regression. Relative risks were based on meta-regressions of published cohort and intervention studies. Attributable burden for clusters of risks and all risks combined took into account evidence on the mediation of some risks such as high body-mass index (BMI) through other risks such as high systolic blood pressure and high cholesterol. Findings: All risks combined account for 57·2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 55·8-58·5) of deaths and 41·6% (40·1-43·0) of DALYs. Risks quantified account for 87·9% (86·5-89·3) of cardiovascular disease DALYs, ranging to a low of 0% for neonatal disorders and neglected tropical diseases and malaria. In terms of global DALYs in 2013, six risks or clusters of risks each caused more than 5% of DALYs: dietary risks accounting for 11·3 million deaths and 241·4 million DALYs, high systolic blood pressure for 10·4 million deaths and 208·1 million DALYs, child and maternal malnutrition for 1·7 million deaths and 176·9 million DALYs, tobacco smoke for 6·1 million deaths and 143·5 million DALYs, air pollution for 5·5 million deaths and 141·5 million DALYs, and high BMI for 4·4 million deaths and 134·0 million DALYs. Risk factor patterns vary across regions and countries and with time. In sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risk factors are child and maternal malnutrition, unsafe sex, and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing. In women, in nearly all countries in the Americas, north Africa, and the Middle East, and in many other high-income countries, high BMI is the leading risk factor, with high systolic blood pressure as the leading risk in most of Central and Eastern Europe and south and east Asia. For men, high systolic blood pressure or tobacco use are the leading risks in nearly all high-income countries, in north Africa and the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. For men and women, unsafe sex is the leading risk in a corridor from Kenya to South Africa. Interpretation: Behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks can explain half of global mortality and more than one-third of global DALYs providing many opportunities for prevention. Of the larger risks, the attributable burden of high BMI has increased in the past 23 years. In view of the prominence of behavioural risk factors, behavioural and social science research on interventions for these risks should be strengthened. Many prevention and primary care policy options are available now to act on key risks

    Status assessment and conservation action plan for the long-billed curlew (numenius americanus) Biological Technical Publication BTP-R6012-2009

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    long-billedcurlew.pdfU.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Status Assessment and Conservation Action Plan for the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) Biological Technical Publication BTP-R6012-2009 Bob Gress© U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Status Assessment and Conservation Action Plan for the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) Biological Technical Publication BTP-R6012-2009 Suzanne D. Fellows Stephanie L. Jones U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 6, Nongame Migratory Bird Coordinator’s Office, Denver, CO Cover image: Long-billed Curlew Photo credit: Bob Gress© ii Status Assessment and Conservation Action Plan for the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) Author contact information: Suzanne D. Fellows U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 6 Nongame Migratory Birds P. O. Box 25486 DFC Denver, CO 80225-0486 Phone: 303-236-4417 Email: [email protected] Stephanie L. Jones U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 6 Nongame Migratory Birds P. O. Box 25486 DFC Denver, CO 80225-0486 Phone: 303-236-4409 Email: [email protected] For additional copies or information, contact: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 6 Nongame Migratory Birds P. O. Box 25486 DFC Denver, CO 80225-0486 Recommended citation: Fellows, S. D., and S. L. Jones. 2009. Status assessment and conservation action plan for the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus). U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Biological Technical Publication, FWS/BTP-R6012- 2009, Washington, D.C. Table of Contents iii Table of Contents List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Chapter 1: Status Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Taxonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Legal Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 United States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Canada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 México.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Breeding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Migration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Wintering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Population Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Conservation Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Population Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Population Trends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Habitat Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Breeding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Water . 8 Habitat block size. 9 Vegetation structure during nesting. 9 Vegetation structure during brood rearing. 9 Winter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Migration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Threats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Over-utilization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Habitat Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Predation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Grazing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Energy Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Pesticides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Vehicles. 12 Disturbance. 12 Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 iv Status Assessment and Conservation Action Plan for the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) Chapter 2: Conservation Action Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Priority Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Population Monitoring and Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Migration Staging and Wintering Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Habitat Assessment and Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Education and Outreach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Other Species Covered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Priority Populations and Regions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Conservation Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Completed and On-going Conservation Actions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Chapter 3: State and Provincial Summaries of Long-billed Curlew Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 United States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 North Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, and South Carolina. . . . . . . . 57 Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Alberta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 British Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Saskatchewan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 México . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Baja California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Baja California Sur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Chihuahua. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Coahuila. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Colima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Jalisco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Nayarit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Nuevo León. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Sinaloa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Sonora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Tamaulipas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Veracruz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Literature Cited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 v List of Figures Figure 1.1. Current breeding and wintering range of Long-billed Curlews (Numenius americanus). . . . . .1 Figure 1.2. Historic breeding range of Long-billed Curlews (Numenius americanus) in the midwestern portion of the U.S. and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Figure 1.3. Breeding Bird Survey abundance map (1994–2003; Sauer et al. 2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Figure 1.4. Breeding Bird Survey trend map (1966–2003; Sauer et al. 2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Figure 3.1. Christmas Bird Count data for the California region for 2002-2003 (National Audubon Society 2006) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 3.2. Breeding locations (lat-long) for Long-billed Curlews in Idaho. Period of presence is March- November (migration and breeding; R. Sallabanks, pers. comm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Figure 3.3. Map of Montana QLL (quarter-latilong) for Long-billed Curlews. Records are displayed by latilongs or mapping units formed by successive lines of latitude and longitude, marked at one-degree intervals. Latilongs are numbered, their quarter-latilongs are divided into A, B, C, D (Lenard et al. 2003) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Figure 3.4. Hypothetical current breeding distribution and relative abundance of Long-billed Curlews in Nebraska using interpolated (inverse-distance weighted) BBS data. Range limits were determined using known occurrences from previously-mentioned sources and the boundaries of ecoregions where large tracts of suitable habitat remain and where Long-billed Curlews have been observed. Relative abundance was determined by interpolating (inverse-distance weighted) BBS data to produce a continuous spatial layer. The interpolated layer was then clipped to the ecoregions considered suitable. Darker shades indicate areas of greater abundance. Question marks indicate areas where occurrence is problematic (Jorgensen 2006) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Figure 3.5. Historic (prior to 2005) and current (2005-2006) Long-billed Curlew locations in North Dakota (Ackerman 2007) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Figure 3.6. Locations of Long-billed Curlews reported during the Oklahoma Breeding Bird Atlas (Smith 2004). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Figure 3.7. Location of breeding Long-billed Curlews in Texas (Seyffert 2001b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Figure 3.8. Utah Long-billed Curlew breeding habitat (Utah Division of Wildlife Resources 1999) . . . . . 51 Figure 3.9. Distribution of Long-billed Curlews in Jalisco (S. Hernández-Vásquez and F. G. Cupul Magaña, pers. comm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Figure 3.10. Total and standardized abundance (individuals per hour of survey) of Long-billed Curlews during Christmas Bird Counts in Puerto Peñasco, Sonora (M. M. Gómez-Sapiens, O. Hinojosa-Huerta, and E. Soto-Montoya, pers. comm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Figure 3.11. Number of Long-billed Curlews in the Golfo de Santa Clara and Isla Montague, Sonora during 2004–2006. In 2004, average number (SE) of curlews per month in two transects of 1 km long. In 2005 and 2006, three transects in the Golfo de Santa Clara and two transects in Isla Montague (M. M. Gómez-Sapiens, O. Hinojosa-Huerta, and E. Soto-Montoya, pers. comm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Figure 3.12. Number of Long-billed Curlews in two transects (5 counting points–400 m between points) in Bahía Adahír (Puerto Peñasco), Sonora from December 2005 to May 2006 (M. M. Gómez-Sapiens, O. Hinojosa-Huerta, and E. Soto-Montoya, pers. comm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Figure 3.13. Records of Long-billed Curlews in Tamaulipas (Garza-Torres 2006) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 List of Figures vi Status Assessment and Conservation Action Plan for the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) Table 1.1. State, Provincial, and Natural Heritage status, season of presence, and relative abundance of Long-billed Curlews in Canada, México, and U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Table 1.2. Primary Long-billed Curlew range, numbers, and physiographic divisions (Jones et al. 2008). Primary breeding areas are divided into Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Table 2.1. Recommended prioritized conservation actions for Long-billed Curlews (LBCU) throughout their range. This list serves to identify conservation action items that could lead to the conservation of this species. Where “Lead party” has been identified it is not meant to obligate any party to provide funding or implement the action. In a few cases, potential partners and costs have been identified; in most cases that needs to be completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Table 3.1. Location and number of Long-billed Curlew pairs found in Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Table 3.2. Density of Long-billed Curlew territories in different breeding areas in Washington. Note that the two sites with highest densities are on small islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Table 3.3. Abundance of Long-billed Curlews by site in Jalisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Table 3.4. Geographic coordinates of records Long-billed Curlews in Tamaulipas (Garza-Torres 2006) . . . . . 82 List of Tables vii The historical breeding range of Long-billed Curlews (Numenius americanus) was the western U.S. and the southern Canadian Prairie Provinces from California north to British Columbia and east to southern Manitoba and Wisconsin, northern Iowa and eastern Kansas. However, this breeding distribution has contracted and Long-billed Curlews have lost about 30% of their historical range. The eastern edge of the current breeding range is the western Great Plains from the Texas panhandle north throughout southwestern and south central Saskatchewan. Long-billed Curlews currently winter along the southwestern U.S. coast from central California, southern Texas and Louisiana south along both of México’s coasts to Guatemala, and are casual along the Atlantic coast north to New Brunswick, the southeastern South Carolina and Florida coasts, and the West Indies. Long-billed Curlews are federally protected in the U.S., Canada, and México under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. In the U.S., they are listed as a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Bird of Conservation Concern: nationally, in five U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service regions, and in several Bird Conservation Regions. They are listed as a species of concern in several U.S. states. In Canada, they are on Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act as a “Species of Special Concern” and are “Blue Listed” in Alberta and British Columbia. In addition, they are listed as “Highly Imperiled” in both the U.S. and Canadian shorebird conservation plans. Long-billed Curlews are a protected migratory bird species but do not have an official conservation designation in México. The high levels of concern are due to the loss of the eastern third of their historical breeding range and apparent population declines, particularly in the shortgrass and mixed-grass prairies of the western Great Plains. The Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) does not show any significant trends for Long-billed Curlews throughout much of their range; however, the applicability of BBS to adequately monitor Long-billed Curlews has been questioned. Documented declines have occurred in several portions of their range, including historical population declines, the contraction of breeding range, and reductions in the number of migrants along the Atlantic coast. Initial population declines were attributed to over-hunting and plowing of the native prairies for agriculture. Current threats include habitat loss and destruction due to urban development, grassland conversion for agricultural purposes, changes in the natural fire regime and the spread of exotic invasive species. Predation, grazing practices, energy development, diseases, and pesticides may also threaten Long-billed Curlew populations. Long-billed Curlews breed, migrate, and winter across multiple geographical ranges; therefore, effective conservation actions will require cooperation by local, regional, and international entities. Several important steps have been taken towards identifying limiting factors affecting Long-billed Curlew populations. Current conservation needs include: population monitoring, breeding ground studies that identify local micro-habitat use, and identification of critical wintering and migration areas. The development and use of management recommendations for maintaining native grasslands, invasive species control, and water and wetland conservation are also important to the maintenance of Long-billed Curlew populations. Investigation of the effects of energy development and subsequent operations is increasingly important as the demand for alternative “green” energy sources increases. Public outreach will continue to be an important tool in the conservation of Long-billed Curlew populations. Currently, while there are very few specific Long-billed Curlew management and conservation projects on-going, there are many identified needs. This status assessment and conservation action plan is intended to be a summary of the current state of the species, and a guide to its conservation. It is organized into three chapters. The first chapter gives the general information needed to understand the current status of Long-billed Curlews, with a focus on current threats and management requirements. The second chapter is the conservation action plan. The third chapter outlines the status of Long-billed Curlews in the states and provinces where they occur, throughout the U.S., Canada, and México. Executive Summary viii Status Assessment and Conservation Action Plan for the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) Many individuals contributed significant time, unpublished literature, and expertise to the development of this Status Assessment and Conservation Action Plan including: Brad A. Andres, Thomas R. Cooper, Guillermo Fernández, Cheri L. Gratto-Trevor, William H. Howe, Christopher M. Rustay, Robert P. Russell, and Susan M. Thomas. State and provincial summaries were written by Alfonso Banda-Valdez, Joseph B. Buchanan, J. Nan Clarke, Miguel A. Cruz Nieto, Fabio G. Cupul-Magaña, Guillermo Fernández, Daniel Galindo-Espinosa, Martha M. Gómez-Sapiens, José I. Gonzales-Rojas, Cheri L. Gratto-Trevor, Sandra H. Johnson, Salvador Hernández-Vázquez, Catherine M. Hickey, Osvel Hinojosas-Huerta, William H. Howe, Kent C. Jensen, Armando Jiménez-Camacho, Joel G. Jorgensen, David S. Klute, David J. Krueper, Stefani L. Melvin, Gary W. Page, Allison J. Puchniak, Gabriel Ruiz-Ayma, Robert P. Russell, Irene Ruvalcaba-Ortega, Rex Sallabanks, W. David Shuford, Eduardo

    Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

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    BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the first of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantification, particularly of modifiable risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution.METHODS: Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) have been estimated for 79 risks or clusters of risks using the GBD 2010 methods. Risk-outcome pairs meeting explicit evidence criteria were assessed for 188 countries for the period 1990-2013 by age and sex using three inputs: risk exposure, relative risks, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL). Risks are organised into a hierarchy with blocks of behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks at the first level of the hierarchy. The next level in the hierarchy includes nine clusters of related risks and two individual risks, with more detail provided at levels 3 and 4 of the hierarchy. Compared with GBD 2010, six new risk factors have been added: handwashing practices, occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, childhood wasting, childhood stunting, unsafe sex, and low glomerular filtration rate. For most risks, data for exposure were synthesised with a Bayesian meta-regression method, DisMod-MR 2.0, or spatial-temporal Gaussian process regression. Relative risks were based on meta-regressions of published cohort and intervention studies. Attributable burden for clusters of risks and all risks combined took into account evidence on the mediation of some risks such as high body-mass index (BMI) through other risks such as high systolic blood pressure and high cholesterol.FINDINGS: All risks combined account for 57·2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 55·8-58·5) of deaths and 41·6% (40·1-43·0) of DALYs. Risks quantified account for 87·9% (86·5-89·3) of cardiovascular disease DALYs, ranging to a low of 0% for neonatal disorders and neglected tropical diseases and malaria. In terms of global DALYs in 2013, six risks or clusters of risks each caused more than 5% of DALYs: dietary risks accounting for 11·3 million deaths and 241·4 million DALYs, high systolic blood pressure for 10·4 million deaths and 208·1 million DALYs, child and maternal malnutrition for 1·7 million deaths and 176·9 million DALYs, tobacco smoke for 6·1 million deaths and 143·5 million DALYs, air pollution for 5·5 million deaths and 141·5 million DALYs, and high BMI for 4·4 million deaths and 134·0 million DALYs. Risk factor patterns vary across regions and countries and with time. In sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risk factors are child and maternal malnutrition, unsafe sex, and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing. In women, in nearly all countries in the Americas, north Africa, and the Middle East, and in many other high-income countries, high BMI is the leading risk factor, with high systolic blood pressure as the leading risk in most of Central and Eastern Europe and south and east Asia. For men, high systolic blood pressure or tobacco use are the leading risks in nearly all high-income countries, in north Africa and the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. For men and women, unsafe sex is the leading risk in a corridor from Kenya to South Africa.INTERPRETATION: Behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks can explain half of global mortality and more than one-third of global DALYs providing many opportunities for prevention. Of the larger risks, the attributable burden of high BMI has increased in the past 23 years. In view of the prominence of behavioural risk factors, behavioural and social science research on interventions for these risks should be strengthened. Many prevention and primary care policy options are available now to act on key risks.AuthorOverflow(721

    Inteligencia emocional emocional y personalidad como variables predictoras de la violencia de pareja

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    El presente estudio buscó identificar qué variable (inteligencia emocional - rasgos de personalidad) presentaba mayor predicción frente al fenómeno de violencia de pareja. La muestra está compuesta por 150 hombres y 150 mujeres estudiantes de la Universidad Santo Tomás sede Villavicencio, como criterio de exclusión estas personas debían encontrarse en una relación de pareja al momento de la aplicación y desearán participar de manera voluntaria. Diseño: cuantitativo de diseño no experimental expofacto prospectivo de grupo único. Instrumentos: Cuestionario de violencia para novios, Traint metal-mood scale-24 y big five inventory. Procedimiento: Se realizó la explicación del estudio a los participantes y se les dio entrega física del consentimiento informado y los instrumentos, una vez terminada la aplicación se analizaron los datos con el programa estadístico SPSS y se hizo la devolución de resultados a la Unidad de Desarrollo Integral de la universidad. Resultados: La variable que más genera predicción frente a la violencia de pareja es el rasgo de personalidad amplitud, los rasgos de personalidad que más se presentan es afabilidad amplitud y meticulosidad; en inteligencia emocional la dimensión que obtiene mejor puntuación dentro de los participantes es la de reparación. Palabras claves: Violencia de pareja, Inteligencia Emocional, Rasgos de personalidad.The current study intended to identify which variable (emotional intelligence - personality patterns) presented a greater prediction upon the intimate partner violence phenomenon. The sample is taken from 150 men and 150 women students from Santo Tomás University Villavicencio; as barring criteria, those people had to be part of a relationship at the time of the implementation and volunteered themselves to participate. Design: quantitative non-experimental design, prospective single-‘expofacto’ group. Instruments: boyfriend-girlfriend violence questionnaire, Traint metal-mood scale-24 and big five inventory. Procedure: The study was clarified to participants and they were also given the written consent and instruments; once the application was finished, the data were analyzed with the SPSS statistical program and the results were turned in to the Integral Development Unit of the university. Results: The variable that promoted the most prediction against intimate partner violence was the personality amplitude pattern, the most visible personality patterns were affability, breadth and meticulousness; in regards of emotional intelligence, the dimension that obtained the highest score among all the participants was reparation. Keywords: Intimate partner violence, Emotional Intelligence, Personality patterns.Psicólogohttp://www.ustavillavicencio.edu.co/home/index.php/unidades/extension-y-proyeccion/investigacionPregrad

    Proyecto PADA : programa para la autorregulación del aprendizaje.

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    Este documento se desarrolla en el marco de proyecto pedagógico investigativo propio de la Licenciatura en Educación Especial, en el cual se identificó una problemática en torno a la autorregulación del aprendizaje que conlleva a dificultades académicas en los estudiantes propiamente a la deserción y bajo rendimiento académico; para dar respuesta a esta situación, el programa para la autorregulación del aprendizaje (PADA), plantea una propuesta pedagógica basada en el reconocimiento de estrategias de aprendizaje que le aporten a los estudiantes de primeros semestres de la Licenciatura. Para lograrlo se diseñan e implementan tres ambientes de aprendizaje: talleres situados, conversatorios y página web, los cuales fueron desarrollados desde los mínimos de accesibilidad y reconocimiento del estudiante; finalmente el documento refleja la sistematización y el análisis de la información recogida durante las intervenciones que contempla las categorías propuestas desde el modelo de autorregulación, las situaciones académicas identificadas y otras que emergen a lo largo del proceso investigativo.Licenciado en Educación EspecialTesis de pregrad
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