4,931 research outputs found
Primary prevention of asthma and atopy during childhood by allergen avoidance in infancy: a randomised controlled study
No full textBACKGROUND: Recent increases in the prevalence of asthma and atopy emphasise the need for devising effective methods for primary prevention in children at high risk of atopy. METHOD: A birth cohort of genetically at risk infants was recruited in 1990 to a randomised controlled study. Allergen avoidance measures were instituted from birth in the prophylactic group (n=58). Infants were either breast fed with mother on a low allergen diet or given an extensively hydrolysed formula. Exposure to house dust mite was reduced by the use of an acaricide and mattress covers. The control group (n=62) followed standard advice as normally given by the health visitors. At age 8, all 120 children completed a questionnaire and 110 (92%) had all assessments (skin prick test, spirometry, and bronchial challenges). RESULTS: In the prophylactic group eight children (13.8%) had current wheeze compared with 17 (27.4%) in the control group (p=0.08). Respective figures were eight (13.8%) and 20 (32.3%) for nocturnal cough (p=0.02) and 11 of 55 (20.0%) and 29 of 62 (46.8%) for atopy (p=0.003). After adjusting for confounding variables, the prophylactic group was found to be at a significantly reduced risk for current wheeze (odds ratio (OR) 0.26 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07 to 0.96)), nocturnal cough (OR 0.22 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.83)), asthma as defined by wheeze and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (OR 0.11 (95% CI 0.01 to 1.02)), and atopy (OR 0.21 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.62)). CONCLUSION: Strict allergen avoidance in infancy in high risk children reduces the development of allergic sensitisation to house dust mite. Our results suggest that this may prevent some cases of childhood asthma.<br/
Three pregnancies after transplantation: An 84-year-old kidney is the gift that keeps giving life
No full textLetter to the EditorSamantha M. Bateman, Patrick T. Coates, and Shilpanjali Jesudaso
Apoptosis and proliferation of acinar and islet cells in chronic pancreatitis: evidence for differential cell loss mediating preservation of islet function
No full textBACKGROUND:
Chronic pancreatitis is characterised clinically by early exocrine insufficiency, with diabetes mellitus occurring as a late phenomenon. This is mirrored pathologically by extensive acinar cell destruction and islet preservation. The mechanisms underlying this differential rate of cellular destruction are unknown. AIMS:
To test the hypothesis that acinar loss and islet preservation in chronic pancreatitis occurs due to differential epithelial kinetics and investigate the role of inflammatory cells and cell cycle associated molecules. METHODS:
Archival tissue from six chronic pancreatitis cases was compared with six normal controls using TUNEL and immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD20, CD68, MIB-1, Bcl-2, Bax, Fas, Fas ligand, retinoblastoma protein (Rb), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) and 2 (TIMP-2). RESULTS:
The acinar cell apoptotic index (AI) and proliferation index were higher in chronic pancreatitis than controls. T lymphocytes diffusely infiltrated fibrous bands and acini but rarely islets. Acinar Bcl-2 expression exceeded islet expression in chronic pancreatitis and controls while Bax was strongly expressed by a subset of islet cells and weakly by centroacinar cells. Islet Fas and Fas ligand expression exceeded acinar expression in chronic pancreatitis and controls. Acinar Rb expression was higher in chronic pancreatitis than in controls. Islets in chronic pancreatitis and controls showed intense TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression. CONCLUSION:
Apoptosis plays a significant role in acinar loss in chronic pancreatitis. Acinar Bcl-2 and islet Bax expression indicates complex AI control. Increased acinar Rb expression in chronic pancreatitis may differentially promote acinar loss. Fas ligand expression may be restricted to islet cell membranes through TIMP-1 expression and inhibit islet damage by promoting apoptosis of cytotoxic T lymphocytes
The Sacramental Theory in John 19:26-27
No full textAbout the author: Father Theodore Koehler, S.M., of the Seminaire Marianiste at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, studied under Father Neubert
Christian Insight
No full textVery Rev . John A. Elbert, S.M., is Graduate Dean of Arts and Sciences, Professor of Philosophy, creator of the Interdisciplinary Seminar, former President of the University of Dayton. He is the author of a number of books
Mary and American Protestants
No full textAbout the author: Father William Cole, S.M., is Professor and director of graduate work in Theological Studies at the University of Dayton. He has long been associated with the Marian Library
Overcoming the Obstacles to Counselling Research
No full textThe author of this article, Brother Marion F. Belka, S.M., is Vice President of St. Mary\u27s University in San Antonio, Texas, and President of the National Catholic Guidance Conference
In Vivo Acticity of Bupropion at the Human Dopamine Transporter as Measured by Positron Emission Tomography
No full textArticle title: In vivo acticity of bupropion at the human dopamine transporter as measured by positron emission tomography. Reference: BPS7603 Journal title: Corresponding author: Dr. S.M. Learned-Coughlin First author: Dr. S.M. Learned-Coughlin Citation</p
Direct numerical simulation of the flow around a wing section at moderate Reynolds numbers
No full textA three dimensional direct numerical simulation has been performed to study the flow around the asymmetric NACA-4412 wing at a moderate chord Reynolds number (Rec = 400, 000) with an angle of attack of 5◦ . The flow case under investigation poses numerous challenges for a numerical method due to the wide range of scales and complicated flow physics induced by the geometry. The mesh is optimized and well resolved to account for such varying scales in the flow. An unsteady volume force is used to trip the flow to turbulence on both sides of the wing at 10% chord. Full turbulent statistics are computed on the fly to further investigate the complicated flow features around the wing. The present simulation shows the potential of high-order methods in simulating complex external flows at moderately high Reynolds numbers
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