1,720,958 research outputs found
Dataset in support of the Southampton doctoral thesis 'Developing a Drosophila–based model in which to study aspects of pathological Tau transfer and seeding'
No full textImages and Graphpad prism files (raw data, analysis and graphs) used in the creation of Developing a Drosophila–based model in which to study aspects of pathological Tau transfer and seeding. Organised by results chapter and figure </span
Developing a <i>Drosophila</i>–based model in which to study aspects of pathological Tau transfer and seeding
No full textPrion-like propagation through neuronal circuitry is believed to be the mechanism by which Tau pathology spreads throughout the brain in tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). This is reflected in the neuropathological Braak-staging of disease and manifests in the progressive cognitive decline evident clinically. Though various synaptic proteins are implicated, the precise players and mechanism(s) mediating the trans-cellular spread of pathological Tau species remains unclear. Furthermore, although the trans-cellular spread of pathological Tau species has been demonstrated in many experimental models, the neurobiological consequences in recipient neurons are largely unknown. Moreover, in almost all such studies, the Tau species that propagates is invariably mutated or isolated from pathological fractions of brains of Tauopathy patients. However, in the majority of AD cases it is wild-type Tau that spontaneously becomes pathological and spreads in AD, with this process is accompanied by neurodegeneration. Therefore, there is a need to further understand the mechanisms of Tau spread and how wild-type Tau becomes pathological with time. Drosophila’s genetic tractability, combined with detailed mapping of connections and physiological readouts, offer an ideal organism in which to study aspects of Tau spread and seeding. Using the Gal4.UAS system a mCherry tagged Tau0N4R construct was expressed in both large and small olfactory circuitry, creating two potential models of Tau spread. A third model type was also investigated, using the injection of an exogenously-characterised Tau species into a human Tau background to investigate the relationship between Tau seeding potential and spread. Immunohistochemistry was used on the Drosophila brains to amplify Tau signal and provide further information on conformation. Tau spread and misfolding in these brains was followed by confocal microscopy at select time points. In all potential models the spontaneous aggregation of Tau0N4R was observed and evidence of spread beyond expressed or injected regions was seen. Expression in the small circuit lends itself to the study of Tau spread between interneurons due to the physiology of the olfactory bulb. The large circuit offers opportunities to study a system in which Tau spread has functional consequences for the organism, and spread itself can be modulated by neuronal activity mutants. Finally, injected Tau seeds were seen to rapidly spread beyond the recipient neuronal populations and showed the ability to convert naïve human Tau to a disease-relevant conformation in the fly brain. Further development of all three model types will allow for investigation into the key synaptic players and mechanism(s) underlying prion like spread. Deeper understanding of this will provide better diagnosis, treatments and prognosis to those affected by this disease
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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