1,721,703 research outputs found
Towards High-Level Synthesis of Quantum Circuits
Full text linkIn recent years, there has been a proliferation of quantum algorithms, primarily due to their exponential speedup over their classical counterparts. Quantum algorithms find applications in various domains, including machine learning, molecular simulation, and cryptography. However, extensive knowledge of linear algebra and quantum mechanics are required to program a quantum computer, which might not be feasible for traditional software programmers. Moreover, current quantum programming paradigm is difficult to scale and integrate quantum circuits to achieve complex functionality. To this end, in this paper, we introduce QHLS, a quantum high-level synthesis (HLS) framework. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first HLS framework for quantum circuits. The proposed QHLS allows quantum programmers to start with high-level behavioral descriptions (e.g., C, C++) and automatically generate the corresponding quantum circuit; thus, reducing the complexity of programming a quantum computer. Our experimental results demonstrate the success of QHLS in translating high-level behavioral software programs containing arithmetic, logical, and conditional statements
QHLS: An HLS Framework to Convert High-Level Descriptions to Quantum Circuits
Full text linkQuantum Computing has been shown to provide exponential performance improvements in several tasks, such as cryptography, healthcare, etc. This paper presents a new framework for quantum high-level synthesis, called QHLS, that aims to facilitate programmers using quantum computers. Currently, quantum-computer programmers need extensive linear algebra and quantum mechanics knowledge, which can be challenging for traditional software programmers. Additionally, the current quantum programming paradigm is not scalable, and it can be difficult to combine quantum circuits to create a more complex functionality. QHLS addresses these issues by enabling the automatic generation of quantum circuit descriptions directly from high-level behavioral specifications (using languages like C or C++). This simplifies the programming of a quantum computer, making it more accessible to a wider range of programmers. Our experiments show that QHLS can successfully translate high-level software programs containing various types of statements (such as arithmetic, logical, and conditional operations) into functionally equivalent quantum circuits
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Peptide-Based Hydrogels as a Scaffold for In Situ Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles: Catalytic Activity of the Nanohybrid System
No full textA tripeptide containing an oligo-methylene group was found to form hydrogels at the two pH extremes (in presence of an acid or a base); however, it does not form a hydrogel at neutral pH. We use this property to obtain a hydrogel of the peptide in the presence of an organic acid, citric acid. The redox potential of citric acid is ideal to reduce Ag+ and Au3+ ions to form the corresponding nanoparticles. Keeping this in mind the hydrogel with citric acid was applied to fabricate silver and gold nanoparticles within the gel phase without the aid of external reducing and stabilising agents. The hydrogels and the peptide nanofiber-metal nanoparticle based hybrid system were thoroughly characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, FEG-TEM microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction studies. From the FEG-TEM images it is evident that a considerable amount of Au and Ag nanoparticles are found above the gel nanofibers. Interestingly, the hybrid hydrogel containing silver nanoparticles could be successfully employed as a catalyst in the transformation of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol and p-nitroaniline to p-phenylenediamine. It is also interesting to note that the native hydrogel (without Ag nanoparticles) is unable to act as a catalyst. Moreover, this hybrid hydrogel has been recycled a few times without significant loss of activity, showing the potential of this new nanohybrid system for catalysis
Red-Emitting Copper Nanoclusters: From Bulk-Scale Synthesis to Catalytic Reduction
No full textA large-scale, easy synthesis of red fluorescent copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) from a cheap source copper acetate, monohydrate has been reported. A proteinaceous amino acid cysteine has been used to stabilize these clusters at room temperature. These nanoclusters have been thoroughly characterized by UV-vis absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction analysis, cyclic voltametry (CV), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. MALDI-TOF analysis indicates that the nanocluster is a Cu 5 (Cys) 3 species. Computational studies revealed the energy optimized structure of Cu 5 (Cys) 3 with most possible arrangements of Cu atoms and their interactions with stabilizing ligands. It is evident from the structure that vacant Cu sites are available; hence, these sites can be used for binding with substrate molecules for catalytic reactions. Interestingly, these as-synthesized red-emitting nanocluster catalyze the degradation of 4-nitrophenol (toxic chemical used in industries) to almost nontoxic 4-aminophenol at room temperature. These nanoclusters (powdered) can also be recycled as catalyst for another time. This type of new nanocatalyst for the organic transformation of a toxic to nontoxic material holds future promise for the development of novel large-scale nanocatalytic materials
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