1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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Qsparse-local-SGD: Communication Efficient Distributed SGD with Quantization, Sparsification, and Local Computations
Full text linkLarge scale distributed optimization has become increasingly important with the emergence of edge computation architectures such as in the federated learning setup, where large amounts of data, possibly of a secure nature and generated in an online manner can be massively distributed across personal devices. A key bottleneck for many such large-scale problems is in the communication overhead of exchanging information between devices over bandwidth limited networks as well as in the unreliability of communication for distributed optimization. The existing approaches propose to mitigate these bottlenecks either by using different forms of compression or by computing local models and mixing them iteratively. In this thesis we first propose a novel class of highly communication efficient operators that employ stochastic and deterministic quantization with aggressive sparsification such as Top-k in the form of a composed operator. Furthermore, in federated learning one can use local computations to reduce communication. Using such a framework, we incorporate local iterations into our algorithm which allows the communication to be infrequent and possibly asynchronous thereby enabling significantly reduced communication. Putting them together we have distributed Qsparse-local-SGD for federated learning for which our analysis demonstrates convergence rates matching vanilla distributed SGD where we observe that quantization and sparsification are almost for free for smooth functions, both non-convex and convex. We characterize the asymptotic allowable limits of local iterations for synchronous and asynchronous implementations of Qsparse-local-SGD, so as to harness both the distributed processing gains as well as the benefits of quantization, sparsification and local computations. Our numerics demonstrate that Qsparse-local-SGD combines the bit savings of our composed operators, as well as local computations, thereby outperforming the cases where these techniques are individually used. We use it to train ResNet-50 on ImageNet, as well as a softmax multi-class classifier on MNIST, resulting in significant savings over the state-of-the-art, in the number of bits transmitted to reach target accuracy
Non-RSSI based energy efficient transmission power control protocol for low power indoor wireless sensor networks : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in Engineering at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
No full textIn this thesis, we present the state-based adaptive power control (S-APC) protocol that is aimed to reduce energy consumption in low power wireless sensors while maintaining an application specific packet success rate requirement. The state-based approach is unique of its kind that dynamically adapt to the varying path losses caused by the movement of mobile sensors, by obstructions appearing between the stationary sensor and the base-station and movements of objects or humans in between two communicating stations. Since the primary reason for a drop in transmitted packets is the poor signal-to-noise ratio, it is important for the sensor to select a set of RF transmission power levels that will deliver the packets within a specified error rate while using the least amount of energy. In a battery-powered wireless sensor node, the use of ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest) protocol will lead to retransmissions when an attempt to send a packet fails. The proposed adaptive protocol does not use received signal strength indication (RSSI) based beacon or probe packets nor does it listen to the channel before transmitting for channel estimation. The use of the proposed S-APC protocol is not limited to only sensor network. It is applicable to any kind of radio communication when the transmitting radio frequency (RF) modules have configurable output power and options for retransmission. This proposed protocol can comfortably work on top of existing MAC protocol that is contention based and listens to channel before transmitting.
The hardware used for evaluating the protocol parameters is the nRF24L01p transceiver module from Nordic Semiconductor Inc. This radio module is cheaper than other modules that provide the RSSI values to the chip and the application of the adaptive power control protocol can further reduce the overall deployment and running cost of a sensor network.
The proposed protocol is designed to respond to an unknown and variable radio channel in an energy-efficient manner. The adaptive protocol uses past transmission experience or memory to decide the power level at which the new packet transmission will start. It also uses a drop-off algorithm to ramp down power level as and when required. Simulation has been used to compare the performance with the existing RSSI and non-RSSI based adaptive power control protocol. Results have shown that when the channel condition is between average and poor (ratio of bit energy (Eb) and noise power spectral density (N0) is less than 20 dB), the RSSI based adaptive protocol consumes 10-20% more energy. Following the simulations, exhaustive experimental trials were done to compare S-APC with the existing protocols. It was found that there can be an increase of energy efficiency up-to 33% over fixed power transmission. This protocol could be applied in mobile robots that collect data in real time from sensors and transmit to the base station as well as to body wearable sensors used for monitoring the health conditions of patients in a health facility centre. Overall, this adaptive protocol can be used in radio communication where the channel has dynamic temporal and spatial characteristics to enhance the lifetime of battery powered wireless sensors
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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