1,721,247 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Outcomes of mechanical circulatory support for ventricular tachycardia ablation in severe systolic heart failure
Full text linkApproximately 10% of children with newly diagnosed cancer have a cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS). The optimal diagnostic approach to identify them among children diagnosed with cancer is unknown.!##!Objective!#!To determine whether the use of a one-page questionnaire can improve the CPS diagnosis among children with an oncologic condition.!##!Design!#!Comparative effectiveness research.!##!Setting!#!Referral center for children with cancer.!##!Results!#!739 children diagnosed with an oncologic condition between 2012 and 2019. All children with a newly diagnosed oncologic condition presenting to Hannover Medical School between January 1st 2017 and December 31st 2019 were prospectively evaluated with a CPS questionnaire. Children in whom the questionnaire suggested the need of a genetic workup were further evaluated. All children diagnosed with an oncologic condition between January 1st 2012 and December 31st 2016 served as control. The CPS diagnoses established during both time periods were evaluated and compared. A CPS was diagnosed in 27 out of 287 children (9.4%) during the questionnaire period versus 24 out of 452 children (5.3%) during the control period (P = 0.032).!##!Conclusion!#!The CPS questionnaire appears to significantly improve the diagnosis of children with CPS among children with a newly diagnosed oncologic condition
CERAMICS Trial: Best Practices for Mechanical Circulatory Support Escalation and Management in Acute MI-Cardiogenic Shock
No full textThe National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative (NCSI) was assembled to assess the impact of early mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in patients with acute MI (AMI) and cardiogenic shock (CS) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Before establishment of the NCSI in 2016, there was significant variability in the use of MCS in AMI-CS. There were no standardised practices, and outcomes associated with the use of MCS in AMI-CS were variable. In addition, experience in the use of large-bore MCS placement, management and approval was only beginning to grow. There were also limited data on the association of right heart failure, intensive care unit (ICU) management of MCS, MCS weaning and escalation. The NCSI addressed these needs by providing a uniform shock protocol to help healthcare systems obtain predictable outcomes and a set of standardised best practices based on foundational principles. The initiative offers a number of protocols to improve patient survival by encouraging the early use of Impella pre-PCI during optimal PCI techniques of the target artery or other large-bore vessels and avoiding escalating vasopressor and inotrope doses, which are associated with poorer outcomes. The initiative enables devices to be weaned based on invasive haemodynamics with right-sided heart catheterisation and offers hub-and-spoke models of care for the transfer of patients. Overall, the NCSI has consistently demonstrated survival in AMI-CS of over 70%.1 Over the past few years, the NCSI has continued to collect data to improve its best practice protocols on the mechanical support management of these patients with AMI. This has included data from the Cardiogenic Shock Working Group on the use of invasive haemodynamics in guiding therapy, a practice that has been shown to improve survival in AMI-CS.2 Conversely, a delay in treatment and delivery of MCS is associated with higher mortality in AMI-CS.3 This finding is consistent with evidence that CS should be treated acutely and with minimum delay to reverse the CS state. The Impella device can also help predict right-sided heart failure. Evidence obtained by the NCSI has shown that of the 92% of patients with right ventricular (RV) catheterisation, those who had RV failure (RVF) had an absolute mortality of approximately 14% more than those without RVF.4 However, despite these favourable outcomes, the NCSI found that the use of RV haemodynamic support devices for treatment escalation is \u3c20% in practice.4 Similarly, instead of escalating treatment to mechanical support devices, patients in AMI-CS are often maintained on increasing doses of vasopressors and inotropes, which are associated with increased mortality independent of underlying cardiac power output.5,6 NCSI analysis found that the cause of death for the majority of patients is due to ongoing CS (58%) and multiorgan failure (18%), but only 19% of patients in CS receive escalation of treatment appropriate for worsening CS.2,3 The NCSI also found that there was a considerable variation in ICU-level care and the ability of sites to escalate MCS.2 Unless sites have the appropriate tools and devices, they are unable to effectively treat patients in CS with haemodynamic support and improve clinical outcomes. Taking all the learnings from the NSCI, Dr Basir and his team designed the study Can Escalation Reduce Acute Myocardial Infarction in Cardiogenic Shock (CERAMICS). Twenty sites were selected, all with rapid MCS escalation capabilities, including Impella, RV MCS and ECPella support devices. Data were collected on the survival of all AMI-CS patients, including those not treated with Impella. The sites participating in the trial used the same definitions as per the NCSI protocol, namely Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) SHOCK classes C, D and E. AMI was defined as ischaemic symptoms with ECG and/or biomarker evidence of ST-elevation MI (STEMI) or non- STEMI. CS was defined as at least two of the following: hypotension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] \u3c90 mmHg or the use of inotropes o vasopressors to maintain SBP); signs of end organ hypoperfusion, including cool extremities, oliguria/anuria, elevated lactate concentrations, altered mentation; and hypodynamic evidence of hypoperfusion, represented by a cardiac index \u3c2.2 l/min/m2 or cardiac power output \u3c0.6 W. The NCSI protocol was adhered to, which includes escalation of treatment with quick implantation of the Impella CP, followed by revascularisation and right heart catheterisation for monitoring to rapidly reduce the use of inotropes. Escalation could occur at any time, but ideally as early as possible and preferably in the cardiac cath lab. Key triggers for escalation with an unloading strategy were guided by haemodynamics and aimed at achieving survival \u3e80% (Table 1). The implementation of shock protocols alongside a team-based approach is associated with improved patient outcomes. Dr Basir closed his presentation by confirming that the foundations, strategy and principles of the NSCI will be studied further in the CERAMICS study, as well as in the RECOVER IV randomised controlled trial for AMI-CS patients
Beyond the coronary arteries, should we be shifting our focus to mechanical circulatory support in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock?
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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