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Unqualified Teaching in Schools on the Zadar Islands
No full textEkstremna depopulacija koja je zahvatila zadarske otoke, izravno se odrazila na školstvo. Geografska izoliranost otočnih škola dovela je do sve manjeg broja učenika i do poteškoća u osiguravanju kvalificiranog nastavnog kadra. Nestručno zastupljena nastava, posebno izvanstručna nastava (gdje nastavnici posjeduju pedagoške, ali ne i specifične stručne kompetencije za predmet), učestala je praksa na ovom području. Iako brojna strana istraživanja obrađuju ovaj fenomen, u domaćoj mu se literaturi posvetilo malo pažnje, stoga ovaj rad nastoji rasvijetliti njegove implikacije te doprinijeti razumijevanju i rješavanju ovog kompleksnog problema. Kvalitativno istraživanje, provedeno polustrukturiranim intervjuima s pedagozima i nastavnicima, utvrdilo je da se nestručno zastupljena nastava na otocima percipira kao neizbježna realnost zbog poteškoća u privlačenju stručnjaka za rad na otocima, osobito za prirodoslovne, tehničke i informatičke predmete. Dok pedagozi općenito ne vide veliki problem u kontekstu osnovne škole, izražavaju zabrinutost zbog nedostatka stručnih suradnika. Nastavnici ističu izazove u pripremi nastave i prisutnost zabrinutosti vezanih uz roditeljska očekivanja i opću nezainteresiranost za rad u školstvu. Percepcija pružene podrške nastavnicima varira, a neki se nastavnici oslanjaju na vlastite resurse. Osiguranje kvalitete nastave u školama na zadarskim otocima složen je izazov koji zahtijeva sustavan i višerazinski pristup. To uključuje prilagodbu brodskih linija, financijske poticaje, jačanje stručne podrške te poticanje lokalnog stanovništva na pedagoško obrazovanje. Naglašava se potreba za podizanjem kvalitete nastavničke profesije i sustavnom podrškom kako bi se motiviralo kvalitetne nastavnike što u konačnici podiže kvalitetu nastave i učenja.The extreme depopulation affecting the Zadar islands has directly impacted their education system. The geographical isolation of island schools has led to a decreasing number of students and difficulties in securing qualified teaching staff. Unqualified teaching, particularly out-offield teaching (where teachers possess pedagogical but not subject-specific qualifications), is a common practice in this area. While numerous international studies address this phenomenon, it has received limited attention in domestic literature. This paper aims to shed light on its implications and contribute to understanding and resolving this complex issue. A qualitative study, conducted through semi-structured interviews with pedagogues and teachers, revealed that unqualified teaching on the islands is perceived as an unavoidable reality due to challenges in attracting subject-matter experts to work in these isolated locations, especially for science, technical education, and IT subjects. While pedagogues generally don't view it as a major problem in the context of primary schools, they express concerns about the lack of professional associates. Teachers highlight challenges in lesson preparation and the presence of concerns related to parental expectations and a general lack of interest in working in education. Perceptions of support provided to teachers vary, with some relying on their own resources. Ensuring quality teaching in schools on the Zadar islands is a complex challenge requiring a systematic and multi-level approach. This includes adapting ferry lines, providing financial incentives, strengthening professional support, and encouraging local residents to pursue pedagogical education. The paper emphasizes the need to raise the quality of the teaching profession and provide systemic support to motivate qualified teachers, which ultimately enhances the quality of teaching and learnin
Development of education on the Zadar islands under the condition of demographic regression
No full textHrvatski su otoci područje dugotrajnog iseljavanja, posebno intenzivnog od druge polovine 19. stoljeća do danas. Smanjenju broja stanovnika na otocima pridonosi i negativna prirodna promjena čiji se intenzitet razlikuje u pojedinim otočnim skupinama. Zadarski su otoci pogođeni ekstremnom depopulacijom te ih obilježava izrazito duboka starost stanovništva. To se održava na različite sfere društvenoga i gospodarskog života pa tako i na školstvo. Škole na otocima čine središta društvenog života koja omogućuju njegov napredak i razvoj, ali njihov je opstanak ugrožen zbog manjka djece. Rad je rezultat analize demografskog razvoja zadarskih otoka od prvog službenog popisa stanovništva 1857. do posljednjeg provedenog 2021. godine, te razvojem školstva u istom razdoblju. Za potrebe istraživanja korištena je relevantna literatura te su prikupljeni i analizirani demografski statistički podaci, podaci o broju škola, učenika i razrednih odjela te relevantni dokumenti i zakoni koji se tiču društveno-gospodarskog razvoja otoka. Analizom podataka nastojalo se ukazati na složenost uzročno-posljedičnih veza između demografske regresije, razvoja školstva i gospodarskog razvoja zadarskih otoka. Zatvaranje škola, nedostatak nastavnika i smanjena kvaliteta nastave problemi su čije rješavanje zahtijeva sveobuhvatan i sustavan pristup kako bi bio omogućen daljnji razvoj školstva bar na većim zadarskim otocima na kojima živi mlado stanovništvo.The Croatian islands have experienced long-term emigration, particularly intense from the second half of the 19th century to the present. The decline in the island population is also contributed to by a negative natural change, the intensity of which varies among different island groups. The Zadar archipelago is affected by extreme depopulation and population aging. This is reflected in various spheres of social and economic life, including education. Schools on these islands serve as centres of social life, fostering progress and development, but their survival is threatened due to a lack of children. T The paper is a result of an analysis of the demographic development of the Zadar islands from the first official census in 1857 to the last in 2021, as well as the development of education during the same period. The study employed relevant literature and analysed statistical demographic data, number of schools, students, and classrooms, as well as related documents and laws concerning the socioeconomic development of the islands. The analysis aims to reveal the complex interplay between demographic decline, educational development, and economic growth on the Zadar islands. School closures, teacher shortages, and declining educational quality are pressing issues that require a comprehensive and systematic approach to ensure the future of education on these island
Unqualified Teaching in Schools on the Zadar Islands
No full textEkstremna depopulacija koja je zahvatila zadarske otoke, izravno se odrazila na školstvo. Geografska izoliranost otočnih škola dovela je do sve manjeg broja učenika i do poteškoća u osiguravanju kvalificiranog nastavnog kadra. Nestručno zastupljena nastava, posebno izvanstručna nastava (gdje nastavnici posjeduju pedagoške, ali ne i specifične stručne kompetencije za predmet), učestala je praksa na ovom području. Iako brojna strana istraživanja obrađuju ovaj fenomen, u domaćoj mu se literaturi posvetilo malo pažnje, stoga ovaj rad nastoji rasvijetliti njegove implikacije te doprinijeti razumijevanju i rješavanju ovog kompleksnog problema. Kvalitativno istraživanje, provedeno polustrukturiranim intervjuima s pedagozima i nastavnicima, utvrdilo je da se nestručno zastupljena nastava na otocima percipira kao neizbježna realnost zbog poteškoća u privlačenju stručnjaka za rad na otocima, osobito za prirodoslovne, tehničke i informatičke predmete. Dok pedagozi općenito ne vide veliki problem u kontekstu osnovne škole, izražavaju zabrinutost zbog nedostatka stručnih suradnika. Nastavnici ističu izazove u pripremi nastave i prisutnost zabrinutosti vezanih uz roditeljska očekivanja i opću nezainteresiranost za rad u školstvu. Percepcija pružene podrške nastavnicima varira, a neki se nastavnici oslanjaju na vlastite resurse. Osiguranje kvalitete nastave u školama na zadarskim otocima složen je izazov koji zahtijeva sustavan i višerazinski pristup. To uključuje prilagodbu brodskih linija, financijske poticaje, jačanje stručne podrške te poticanje lokalnog stanovništva na pedagoško obrazovanje. Naglašava se potreba za podizanjem kvalitete nastavničke profesije i sustavnom podrškom kako bi se motiviralo kvalitetne nastavnike što u konačnici podiže kvalitetu nastave i učenja.The extreme depopulation affecting the Zadar islands has directly impacted their education system. The geographical isolation of island schools has led to a decreasing number of students and difficulties in securing qualified teaching staff. Unqualified teaching, particularly out-offield teaching (where teachers possess pedagogical but not subject-specific qualifications), is a common practice in this area. While numerous international studies address this phenomenon, it has received limited attention in domestic literature. This paper aims to shed light on its implications and contribute to understanding and resolving this complex issue. A qualitative study, conducted through semi-structured interviews with pedagogues and teachers, revealed that unqualified teaching on the islands is perceived as an unavoidable reality due to challenges in attracting subject-matter experts to work in these isolated locations, especially for science, technical education, and IT subjects. While pedagogues generally don't view it as a major problem in the context of primary schools, they express concerns about the lack of professional associates. Teachers highlight challenges in lesson preparation and the presence of concerns related to parental expectations and a general lack of interest in working in education. Perceptions of support provided to teachers vary, with some relying on their own resources. Ensuring quality teaching in schools on the Zadar islands is a complex challenge requiring a systematic and multi-level approach. This includes adapting ferry lines, providing financial incentives, strengthening professional support, and encouraging local residents to pursue pedagogical education. The paper emphasizes the need to raise the quality of the teaching profession and provide systemic support to motivate qualified teachers, which ultimately enhances the quality of teaching and learnin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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