1,721,164 research outputs found
Marital status and cardiovascular disease: can a soulmate prevent a “broken heart?"
No full textDuring the last century, the management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women and men has focused on a persistent, yet suboptimal, fight against traditional cardiovascular risk factors, primarly hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Despite prevention campaigns and the availability of more effective therapies, CVD persists as the number one cause of mortality and morbidities, suggesting that the current knowledge of determinants of cardiovascular health is still far from comprehensively understood. The gap between the expected and the observed poses challenges for both cardiovascular scientists and clinicians who struggle to foster innovative approaches aimed at improving the well-being of individuals with CVD. Psycho-cultural-social factors, which are associated with the gender of individuals, are rarely measured as determinants of health outcomes. Neverthless, they have been proven to play an upstream role in mediating worse CV clinical outcomes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Education in rare diseases. Where are we now?
No full text: Rare diseases represent a numerous (more than 30 million patients throughout Europe), diverse (more than 6000 disease ascertained), and complex group of genetic, metabolic, neurologic, congenital and other type of disorders presenting both in pediatric and adult age. Research, education and care are the mainstay of the national rare disease plans of the member states, including Italy. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care, particularly in severe or progressive disorder, are mandatory to treat disorders (when a specific treatment is available) and/or avoid life-threatening complications. According to the catchphrase "you can only diagnose what you know", it is intuitive how important is education and the "culture of suspect" in rare disease. In the last decade, a pre- and post-graduate academic planning on rare disease have been set up in Italy, with the aim to be comprehensive and up-to-date with the literature, traversal to both general physicians and all the specialties, longitudinal during all the study courses
A SWOT analysis of Italian medical curricular adaptations to the COVID-19 pandemic: A nationwide survey of medical school leaders
No full textBackground: There is a growing literature on how medical education adapts to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a need to examine the facilitators and barriers of these adaptations. This study explores the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of how Italian medical schools adapted their curricula to the COVID −19 pandemic. Methods: The authors conducted an online survey of directors of medical curricula in Italy. Free-text responses to open-ended questions about curricular adaptations and reflections on these adaptations were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Twenty out of 60 Italian medical school directors completed the survey. Strengths identified were rapid responses and a spirit of cooperation. Weaknesses included dependency on clinical facilities, teachers’ limited skills to use technology, and lack of mental health support for staff. Opportunities highlighted were clear government rules, new ways of teaching and a renewed focus on underrepresented topics. Threats expressed included impaired relationships, difficulties related to online assessment, lack of IT access, and legal and insurance issues. Conclusions: This study, in documenting the curricular adaptations of Italian medical schools during an active global pandemic, and recording the perspectives of medical education leaders, offers important lessons for the future
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