1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Flow Effects on Endothelial Cell Glucose Metabolism: Glycolytic Flux and O-GlcNAcylation in Health and Disease
No full textCardiovascular disease, the leading global cause of death, is precipitated by endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. When EC are exposed to unidirectional steady laminar flow (>12 dynes/cm2 shear stress), the cells assume a healthy, quiescent phenotype in which EC phosphorylate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to produce NO, a vasodilator that is also important in preventing vascular disease. However, when EC fail to adapt to flow, for example in areas of oscillating disturbed flow, they have impaired NO production. Areas of disturbed flow are linked to EC dysfunction and diseases such as atherosclerosis. Endothelial metabolism has recently emerged as a powerful tool to regulate the vasculature. Both cancer cells and ECs generate the majority of their energy through glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen (the Warburg effect). When EC glucose metabolism was decreased by PFKFB3 blockade, EC proliferation, angiogenic sprouting, and cancer metastasis were inhibited both in vitro and in vivo. Endothelial metabolism also decreases in chronic laminar flow, which put EC in a quiescent state and decreased angiogenesis. Little is known about how different blood flow regimes regulate EC metabolism and how this could impact macrovascular disease. The goal of this research was to elucidate how hemodynamics regulate EC glucose metabolism, and how EC glucose metabolism can be modulated to restore EC function in disturbed flow. We hypothesized that steady laminar flow (shear stress of 20 dynes/cm2) but not oscillating disturbed flow (shear stress of 4±6 dynes/cm2) reduces glycolytic flux and eNOS O-GlcNAcylation to promote a healthy endothelial phenotype. First, I adapted human EC to steady laminar and oscillating disturbed flow in a cone-and-plate device in vitro and quantified changes in (1) endothelial glycolytic activity and (2) eNOS O-GlcNAcylation. Stable isotope mass spectrometry and YSI Bioanalysis revealed an overall decrease in glucose uptake and glycolytic activity in EC exposed to steady laminar but not oscillating disturbed flow. HUVEC exposed to oscillating disturbed flow had over two times more glucose consumption compared to cells exposed to steady laminar flow. Glycolytic intermediate total pool sizes such as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, 1,3-bisphosphoglyercate, and phosphoenolpyruvate were 60-70% lower in HUVEC exposed to steady laminar flow compared to cells exposed to oscillating disturbed flow. Next, I showed that eNOS O-GlcNAcylation was abolished in EC exposed to steady laminar (~75% lower) but not oscillating disturbed flow. Interestingly, there was no change in protein level, localization, or activity of key O-GlcNAcylation enzymes (OGT, OGA, or GFAT). Instead, glycolysis inhibition via 2-deoxy-2-glucose (2-DG) in cells exposed to disturbed flow efficiently decreased eNOS O-GlcNAcylation by 60%, thereby increasing eNOS phosphorylation by 20% and NO production by 65%. Finally, I investigated altered glucose metabolism in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Human pulmonary artery EC from PAH patients showed three times as much glucose uptake as healthy patients. Additionally, glycolytic intermediates such as fructose-1-6, bisphosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate showed 50-75% higher total pool levels in PAH patients compared to healthy patients. Furthermore, PAH patients showed reduced eNOS O-GlcNAcylation and NO bioavailability. My data demonstrate that steady laminar but not oscillating disturbed flow decreases glycolytic activity as well as HBP activity. Specifically, glycolytic flux controls eNOS O-GlcNAcylation and UDP-GlcNAc substrate availability, thus impacting eNOS phosphorylation and NO production. This research shows for the first time that O-GlcNAcylation is regulated by mechanical stimuli; relates flow-induced glycolytic flux changes to macrovascular disease; and highlights O-GlcNAcylation as a novel therapeutic target to restore eNOS activity and to prevent EC dysfunction in cardiovascular disease.Ph.D., Biomedical Engineering -- Drexel University, 201
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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