1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Etude expérimentale et en modélisation de dynamique moléculaire d'un acide nucléique en nano-confinement
No full textLa technologie des nanopores s'est imposée comme un outil puissant pour étudier le transport biomoléculaire, en particulier pour la translocation et le dézippage des molécules d'ADN. Les études expérimentales ont montré la capacité des nanopores de l'α-hémolysine (αHL) à distinguer différentes séquences et orientations d'ADN. Cependant, les résultats expérimentaux fournissent principalement des informations sur le courant bloqué et le temps de translocation, laissant les détails au niveau moléculaire du processus de dézippage inexplorés. Bien que les simulations de dynamique moléculaire tout-atome soient informatives, elles sont limitées par des échelles de temps réduites. En revanche, les simulations de dynamique moléculaire à gros-grains utilisant le champ de force MARTINI permettent l'étude du transport de l'ADN sur des échelles de temps plus longues, se rapprochant ainsi de celles observées expérimentalement.Cette thèse explore les dynamiques de translocation de l'ADN simple-brin et de dézippage de l'ADN double-brin à travers le nanopore αHL à l'aide d'approches expérimentales et de simulations de dynamique moléculaire dirigées (SMD) à gros-grains. Les différences de temps de translocation entre les extrémités 3' et 5' de l'ADN simple-brin et les temps de dézippage de l'ADN double-brin dans différentes conditions, telles que la structure du duplex d'ADN et la tension appliquée, ont été observées dans les études expérimentales. En particulier, nous avons mesuré des temps de dézippage distincts pour les molécules d'ADN double-brin utilisées, et il a été observé que la dépendance du temps de dézippage à la tension appliquée suivait une loi exponentielle. À mesure que la longueur du duplex augmente, les mécanismes semblent changer en fonction de la structure du duplex. Cependant, les raisons derrière les comportements de translocation et de dézippage restent inaccessibles expérimentalement.En utilisant des simulations de dynamique moléculaire gros-grains, l'influence de l'orientation de l'ADN simple-brin, de la composition en séquences et de la force appliquée sur les dynamiques de translocation a été examinée de manière computationnelle. Nos résultats de simulation ont reproduit les principales observations expérimentales, telles que la large distribution des temps de translocation, les comportements de translocation dépendants de l'orientation, le rôle crucial des interactions électrostatiques entre l'ADN et le nanopore, soulignant l'impact des charges des phosphates de l'ADN sur les taux de translocation, et les dynamiques de translocation dépendantes des séquences sous des forces appliquées variables. En particulier, le rapport entre les temps de translocation des bases puriques et pyrimidiques a également été en bon accord avec les résultats expérimentaux. À la suite des simulations gros-grains, une relation non linéaire entre la vitesse de translocation et la force appliquée a été observée. De plus, les différences de conformations de l'ADN à l'intérieur du nanopore ont apporté des explications supplémentaires aux comportements de translocation dépendants de la séquence et de l'orientation.Cette étude valide le modèle MARTINI à gros-grains comme un outil efficace pour l'étude du transport de l'ADN, montrant sa capacité à compléter les travaux expérimentaux. Nos résultats suggèrent que les simulations de MD gros-grains sont bien adaptées pour dévoiler les mécanismes moléculaires du dézippage de l'ADN, offrant des perspectives inaccessibles par les techniques expérimentales actuelles.Nanopore technology has emerged as a powerful tool for studying biomolecular transport, particularly for the translocation and unzipping of DNA molecules. Experimental studies have shown the ability of α-hemolysin (αHL) nanopores to distinguish between different DNA sequences and ori-entations. However, experimental results primarily provide blocked current and translocation time information, leaving molecular-level details of the unzipping process unexplored. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, though informative, are limited by short time scales. Coarse-grained (CG) MD simulations using the MARTINI force field, on the other hand, enable the study of DNA transport over extended time scales, approaching those observed experimentally.This thesis investigates the dynamics of both ssDNA translocation and dsDNA unzipping through the αHL nanopore using a combination of experimental techniques and CG-steered MD (SMD) simulations. Experimental studies explored the translocation times of ssDNA at the 3' and 5' ends, as well as the unzipping times of dsDNA under various conditions, including different duplex structures and applied voltages. Our findings on ssDNA translocation aligned with previous experimental and theoretical results, confirming faster translocation of 3' oriented ssDNA. Additionally, distinct unzipping times were observed for the different duplex structures under identical experimental conditions, with an exponential relationship noted between unzipping time and applied voltage. As the duplex length increased, the unzipping mechanisms appeared to vary depending on the duplex structure. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms behind these translocation and unzipping behaviors remain experimentally inaccessible, highlighting the need for further theoretical studies.By employing CG MD simulations, the influence of ssDNA orientation, sequence composition, and pulling force on translocation dynamics were computationally examined. Our simulation results reproduced the key experimental findings, such as the wide distribution of the translocation times, the orientation-dependent translocation behaviors, the crucial role of electrostatic interactions be-tween DNA and the nanopore, highlighting the impact of DNA phosphate charges on translocation rates, and the sequence-dependent translocation dynamics under varying applied forces. Specifically, the ratio of translocation times of purine and pyrimidine bases was also found to be in good agreement with the experimental findings. As a result of the CG simulations, a non-linear relation-ship between translocation velocity and the applied force was observed. Additionally, differences in DNA conformations inside the nanopore provided additional explanation for the sequence- and orientation-dependent translocation behaviors.This study validates the MARTINI CG model as an effective tool for investigating DNA transport, demonstrating its ability to complement experimental data. Our findings suggest that CG MD simulations are well suited for uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA unzipping, offering insights that are otherwise inaccessible through current experimental techniques
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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