1,720,956 research outputs found
Analysis of marine ecosystem functioning and services in a changing climate
Full text linkLa tesi di dottorato mira a rispondere a due pressanti questioni in ecologia: l’impatto del cambiamento climatico sul funzionamento ecosistemico marino e la relazione spaziale tra funzionamento e servizi ecosistemici. La tesi dottorale è per tanto costituita da tre articoli scientifici. Il primo ha l’obiettivo di comprendere e misurare l’impatto del cambiamento climatico, a scala Mediterranea. In questo lavoro sono stati impiegati indicatori di dinamica trofica (cioè misurazione di velocità e proporzione del flusso di biomassa lungo la catena alimentare marina). I risultati constano di una generale riduzione del funzionamento ecosistemico marino a causa del cambiamento climatico, mostrando tuttavia aree di resilienza dove gli indicatori a seguito del cambiamento climatico tendono addirittura ad aumentare. Il secondo lavoro è una misurazione multipla di sette servizi ecosistemici marini e costieri nel Mar Adriatico. I risultati sottolineano una malagestione dei servizi ecosistemici che deve essere ampiamente riveduta per garantire il loro mantenimento e utilizzo nel futuro. Il terzo lavoro unisce i due precedenti cercando di trovare un legame spaziale tra indicatori di funzionamento e quelli dei servizi ecosistemici, con l’obiettivo di inferire l’impatto del cambiamento climatico misurato sul funzionamento ai servizi. I risultati mostrano un’incoerenza spaziale tra le aree caratterizzate da alto funzionamento ecosistemico e alta generazione di servizi. Per questo motivo risulta vitale approcciare alla gestione delle risorse marine con una visione olistica che tenga conto sia delle mere caratteristiche ecologiche (funzionamento) e delle richieste socio-economiche dello stesso
Like Little Lagoons: The Contribution of Valli da Pesca to the Ecosystem Services Supply of the Venice Lagoon
No full textThe Venice Lagoon social-ecological system is characterized by a strong relationship between the natural environment and human activities. This is especially noticeable in the aquaculture and hunting reserves of the lagoon, locally known as valli da pesca. Previous works about ecosystem services (ESs) in the Venice Lagoon focused on the so-called “open lagoon,” overlooking the role of the valli da pesca. Nonetheless, despite being completely managed ecosystems, the valli da pesca have conserved typical elements of transitional water environments that the other parts of the lagoon have lost. By evaluat-ing nine ESs using a spatially explicit approach, we found that the valli da pesca, despite covering 17% of the surface, are contributing for 38% of the ESs total capacity, and for 24% of the ESs total flow, in comparison with the open part of the lagoon. Moreover, the management that aims to maximize in a perspective of sustainability of some provisioning ESs, such as extensive aquaculture, can positively influence the presence of factors on which other ESs capacity is also based. As a result, the open lagoon benefits from a sort of spill-over effect for lifecycle support, hunting, and cultural ESs such as tourism, information for cognitive development, and birdwatching. Such significant contributions could be endangered in the context of a lagoon subjected to increasing pressures from anthropic activities whereeven adaptations to impacts, as well as to climate change and sea-level rise effects, in the long run, will modify the lagoon hydrodynamics and the sea-lagoon connectivity, threatening the valli da pesca and so their ESs supply
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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