1,720,995 research outputs found
Quantum Enhanced Machine Learning
No full textCette thèse se situe à la frontière entre l’informatique quantique et l’apprentissage artificiel et a pour objectif le traitement des données dans de très grandes dimensions. L’apprentissage artificiel quantique est un nouveau domaine d’étude avec de récents travaux sur les versions quantiques d’algorithmes supervisés et non supervisés. Ces dernières années, de nombreux algorithmes d’apprentissage artificiel quantique ont été proposés afin d’améliorer le temps de traitement des algorithmes classiques. La première contribution de cette thèse est de donner un aperçu sur le domaine quantique dans l’apprentissage artificiel. Ensuite, la quantification des algorithmes classiques. Nous avons proposé une analyse et une comparaison des différentes distances pour les algorithmes de clustering basés sur des prototypes. Pour un ordinateur conventionnel, calculer les distances euclidiennes est facile, mais le faire de la même manière sur un ordinateur quantique serait beaucoup plus compliqué et exigerait plus de qubits que ce que nous pouvons nous permettre. Pour définir une distance quantique, nous utiliserons la nature probabiliste des qubits pour mesurer les amplitudes probabiliste. Pour les algorithmes de clustering quantique, les distances sont nécessaires mais ne doivent pas nécessairement être proportionnelles à la distance réelle, elles doivent avoir qu’une corrélation positive avec elle. Tous les algorithmes de clustering basés sur des prototypes pourraient être résolus en utilisant ces distances. En tant qu’application de cette tâche, nous avons présenté une version quantique de K-means qui est un algorithme de clustering basé sur un prototype. Cet algorithme quantique K-means donne une bonne classification tout comme sa version classique, la seule différence réside dans la complexité: alors que la version classique de K-means prend du temps polynomial, la version quantique ne prend que du temps logarithmique surtout en grand ensembles de données. Nous avons également proposé la version quantique de la factorisation matricielle seminon négative ainsi que la version collaborative de ces algorithmes à savoir: K-means quantique collaboratif et la factorisation matricielle semi-non négative quantique collaborative qui se basent sur la combinaison de plusieurs solutions de clustering pour obtenir une meilleure solution en termes de clustering et de complexité.The goal of this thesis is on the borderline between quantum computing andmachine learning and deals with data processing in very large dimensions.Quantum machine learning is a new area of study with the recent work onquantum versions of supervised and unsupervised algorithms. In recent years, manyquantum machine learning algorithms have been proposed providing a speed-upover the classical algorithms.The first contribution of this thesis is to give an overview of the field. Afterwards,the quantization of classical algorithms.We proposed an analysis and a comparison of different distances for protoptypesbasedclustering algorithms. For a conventional computer, calculating Euclideandistances is easy, but doing it in the same way on a quantum computer would bemuch more complicated and would require more qubits than we can afford. To definea quantum distance, we will use the probabilistic nature of qubits to measure phasedifferences and probability amplitudes. For quantum clustering algorithms, distancesare necessary but does not need to be proportional to the real distance, but it mustonly have a positive correlation with it.All prototypes based clustering algorithms could be solved using these distances.As an application of this task, we presented a quantum K-means version which isa prototype based clustering algorithm. This quantum K-means algorithm gives agood classification just like its classical version, the only difference resides in the complexity:while the classical version of K-means takes time polynomial, the quantumversion takes only time logarithmic especially in large datasets. We also proposedthe quantum version of Semi Non-negative Matrix Factorization. Likewise, we proposedthe quantum collaborative version of these algorithms; quantum collaborativeK-means and quantum collaborative Semi Non-negative Matrix Factorization. Thesecollaborative algorithms are based on combining several clustering solutions to get abetter solution in terms of clustering and also complexity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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