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    Transmural distribution of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase in the left ventricle of the rat

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    The changes in hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6P-DH) and glutamate aspertate aminotransferase (GOT) activities with the location of tissue within the left ventricle wall have been explored in the rat myocardium. The hearts were cut in 100 micron thick serial sections (see 4) and all sections spectrophotometric procedures (5). No significant transmural gradient in HK activity was observed but the levels of G6P-DH and of GOT activities were significantly higher in the subepicardial tissue and were at their lowest levels in the midmyocardial layers. Our data and previous observations (3,6) indicate that adptions to regional differences in the cardiac work load occurred in the left ventricle wall but that the transmural patterns of enzyme distribution may change with the different animal specie

    Variazioni morfologiche degli alvei dei principali corsi d'acqua veneto-friulani negli ultimi 200 anni

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    The streams of the Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia Regions, as many other Italian streams, have undergone remarkable channel adjustments in the last decades, which have been induced by a range of human interventions. The paper, which reports the state of the art about five streams (Brenta River, Piave River, Cellina Torrent, Tagliamento River and Torre Torrent), aims to compare the evolutionary trends of such streams and the factors that have driven to channel changes in the medium and short periods (last 200 years). The selected streams are relatively large (their drainage basins range between 446 km2 and 3899 km2) and have very wide gravel channels, often with a braided morphology, in the study reaches. Planform changes, in particular channel width variations, have been analysed using maps and aerial photographs (9 to 12 different maps/photos were available for each stream). Bed-level changes have been investigated through cross-section comparisons and field surveys. The river channels have shown very similar evolutionary trends and magnitude of adjustments. Channel changes were not notable over the 19th century, whereas the channels have been in an unstable condition in the following period. Narrowing and incision have been the dominant processes during the 20th century, up to the 1980s-1990s. Channel width reduction has been of 50-70 %, referring to the width in the first half of the 19th century, and bed-level lowering of 2-3 m on average, but locally up to 8-9 m. A different evolutionary trend, except for the Torre Torrent, has occurred in the last 15-20 years, since channel widening and aggradation have been the most common processes. The magnitude of changes during the last phase has been generally much smaller in comparison with those of the previous phases of adjustment. The gravel mining and channelization works have been the main causes of channel changes, in particular as for the main phase of adjustment that took place from the 1950s to the 1980s/1990s. The dams (except for the Cellina Torrent), torrent control works, and reforestation have probably had a smaller effect on channel dynamics than mining and channelization. As pointed out in previous studies, it is confirmed that human interventions have dramatically altered the sediment regime, whereas a significant change of channel-forming discharges has been documented in just one case (Cellina)

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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