1,721,092 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Analysis and optimizations for partitioned global address space based HPC applications
No full textLe monde du Calcul Haute Performance ne cesse d’évoluer, en proposant des modèles de programmation parallèles vastes et variés. Pour s’adapter aux exigences de l’exascale en terme de puissance de calcul et de traitement rapide. Le modèle de programma- tion parallèle le plus utilisé est le Message Passing Interface (MPI). Le standard MPI a été utilisé dans le HPC pendant des décennies. Le protocole de communication point à point send/receive, appelé two-sided MPI, est largement utilisé et privilégié dans les applications. Une alternative à ce modèle de communication point à point est les com- munications one-sided, principalement implémenté dans les langages et bibliothèques PGAS (Partitioned Global Address Space). Le standard MPI-3, qui a été présenté en Septembre 2012, a inclus une mise à jour importante des communications one-sided dans MPI, aussi appelées les RMA (Remote Memory Access) et adoptées par le standard de- puis MPI-2, pour fournir plus de performance et introduire de nouveaux modes d’accès aux données. Cependant, les performances des communications one-sided restent loin d’être celles attendues. Développer un programme parallèle est souvent plus difficile mais plus performant dans de la mémoire partagée plutôt que d’utiliser des transferts send/receiv pour échan- ger des données, les processus peuvent implicitement communiquer dans la mémoire partagée avec une utilisation de certains mécanismes de synchronisation (verrous, séma- phores..) pour garantir un accés sans concurrence à la partie mémoire souhaitée. Dans ces travaux de recherche nous allons principalement nous intéresser au modèles de programmation à mémoire distribuée et globalement adressable MPI-RMA dont le principe est de designer un espace mémoire virtuel global et partagé dans les systèmes à mémoire distribuée, ce qui permet aux processus de communiquer à travers cette mémoire. Bien que le modèle PGAS existe depuis très longtemps, et promet plus d’asyn- chronisme. Ce modèle reste peu utilisé par la communauté du HPC à cause de plusieurs raisons notamment les modes de synchronisation requis pour sécuriser le programme. Comme le modèle PGAS propose un concept de programmation en mémoire partagée dans de la mémoire distribuée. Les problèmes de concurrence d’accès s y appliquent. Pour cette raison la programmation PGAS peut se révéler très difficile, car l’utilisateur a la responsabilité de gérer explicitement tous les accès mémoire pour garantir la co- hérence du programme. Il est donc intéressant pour les programmeurs d’applications, d’avoir des outils qui leur permettent de faciliter la programmation. De développer des codes correctes et efficaces. Dans le cadre de ces travaux de recherche l’objectif principal est de développer une analyse dynamique à l’exécution, et une analyse statique à la compilation, pour vérifier les codes des applications PGAS. Cette analyse mixte permet d’exploiter les avantages des deux approches. une approche dynamique qui repose sur des exécutions concrètes qui dépendent d’un seul jeu d’entrée, et donc se limiter à détecter que les erreurs présentes dans l’exécution analysée. Une approche statique qui ne dépend pas du jeu d’entrée et offre une vue globale du code, et considère tous les chemins d’exécution possibles. Durant cette thèse nous avons developpé un outil qui regroupe les deux analyses statique et dynamique appelé RMA-Analyzer. Il a été propsé dans but d’aider à la programmation de codes MPI-RMA, notamment en proposant une aide avancée à l’utilisateur dans la détection d’erreurs de concurrence connus comme accès illégaux liés aux applications MPI-RMA. Dans le but de faciliter la programmation aux utilisateurs, avec une aide dynamique sur la réalité et l’origine des éventuels blocages en MPI-RMA.Almost all high performance computing applications are written in MPI, which will continue to be the case for at least the next several years. MPI offers one-sided communications which is a well known distributed programming paradigm for high performance computers, as its properties allows for a greater asynchronism and computation/communication overlap than classical message passing mechanisms. In this work, we focus on the Remote Memory Access interface of MPI (MPI-RMA), in which each process explicitly exposes an area of its local memory as accessible to other processes to pro- vide asynchronous one-sided reads, writes and updates. While MPI-RMA is expected to greatly enhance the performance and permit efficient implementations on multiple platforms, it also comes with several challenges with respect to memory consistency. This programming model imposes restrictions with respect to performing asynchronous accesses to shared data. Developers must handle complex memory consistency models and complex programming semantics. This thesis focuses on detecting memory consistency errors in MPI-RMA programs. We developed an hybrid approach verification tool for MPI-RMA programs that can provide solutions in detecting errors over the space of memory consistency (also known as data races) in MPI-RMA programs. Our method combines two analyses. First, we perform an on-the-fly analysis to stop the program in case of a consistency violation during runtime. Second, a static analysis support is added to detect local concurrency errors and warn the user of the presence of potential memory consistency errors at compile time. The experimental results demonstrate that our method is validated on a collection of codes containing errors and on two real applications. Our experiments show that our approach is scalable when running on MPI one-sided applications with an overhead of 40% at best on one of our experiments. We also show on several tests and an MPI-RMA variant of the GUPS benchmark that the static analysis allows to detect such errors on user codes. The error codes have been validated for an integration in the MPI Bugs Initiative open-source test suite (MBI)
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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