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Skinner, Quentin
No full textQuentin Skinner (1940- present) is a British intellectual historian, who since the mid-1960s has significantly influenced the study of political thought. His work is indebted to Friedrich Nietzsche, Max Weber, Robin George Collingwood, Ludwig Wittgenstein, J.L. Austin, and Peter Laslett. In his methodological essays, Skinner directs attention to the thinkers’ speech acts in their contemporary context. In The Foundations of Modern Political Thought, he reinterprets European political thought from the Thirteenth to the Seventeenth century by analysing the vocabularies and moves of theorists like Machiavelli and Hobbes as political actors. In Reason and Rhetoric in the Philosophy of Hobbes, he turns to classical and Renaissance rhetoric as a political language based on debating in utramque partem. In Liberty before Liberalism, Skinner introduces the ‘neo-Roman’ concept of liberty from dependence as opposed to the Hobbesian freedom from interference.peerReviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Social Investment in Massachusetts Public Higher Education: A Comparative Analysis
Get PDFState expenditures on public higher education are increasingly viewed as a social investment that is necessary to sustain economic growth in a postindustrial economy. However, an analysis of comparative data indicates that state support for such education was below national averages during the 1980s and, when compared to its major competitor states, Massachusetts ranks poorly in support for these institutions. This article concludes that unless state support is increased over the next decade, Massachusetts will risk losing its competitive economic position, while educational administrators will be forced to choose between access or quality in public higher education
Review of Corporate Capitalism and the Integral State: General Electric and a Century of American Power
No full textLa Globalización y el Surgimiento del Estado Fortaleza
No full textA partir de la década de 1990, la teoría de la globalización ha descartado rutinariamente el Estado-nación como irrelevante para comprender el desarrollo político y económico contemporáneo. Así, una serie de libros y artículos han defendido la crisis del Estado-nación, la retirada del Estado e incluso el fin del Estado-nación. En cambio, este artículo considera la relación entre la teoría de la globalización y la teoría del Estado para argumentar que los Estados-nación son los principales agentes de la globalización, así como los garantes de las condiciones políticas y materiales necesarias para la acumulación de capital global. Este texto argumenta que la teoría de la globalización ha construido una antinomia distorsionada, que ignora desarrollos significativos en la teoría estatal neomarxista. Para comprender el proceso de globalización, es importante reconocer que el Estado está siempre presente dentro de las relaciones sociales de producción. De esta manera, es posible entender que el nuevo sistema globalizado de acumulación de capital ha resultado en una asimetría cada vez mayor entre la respuesta del Estado a las demandas de políticas que faciliten la acumulación de capital frente a las políticas que sustentan su legitimidad democrática. Esta asimetría está generando cada vez más formas de Estados nacionales que son “Estados fortaleza” propensos a utilizar medidas represivas para proteger la acumulación de capital contra las demandas populares democráticas de regulaciones protectoras y de provisión de bienestar social.
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Since the 1990s, globalization theory has routinely dismissed the nation-state as irrelevant to understanding contemporary political and economic development. A series of books and articles have thus argued for the crisis of the nation-state, the withdrawal of the state and even the end of the nation-state. This article instead considers the relationship between the theory of globalization and the theory of the state to argue that nation-states are the main agents of globalization, as well as the guarantors of the political and material conditions necessary for the accumulation of global capital. This text argues that globalization theory has constructed a distorted antinomy, which ignores significant developments in neo-Marxist state theory. To understand the process of globalization, it is important to recognize that the state is always present within the social relations of production. In this way, it is possible to understand that the new globalized system of capital accumulation has resulted in an a widening asymmetry between the state’s responsiveness to demands for policies that facilitate capital accumulation as opposed to policies that sustain its democratic legitimacy. This asymmetry is increasingly generating national state forms that are “fortress states” prone to using repressive measures to protect capital accumulation against democratic popular demands for protective regulations and social welfare provision
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