1,721,380 research outputs found
An exploration of older case management patients' physical health, function and strength; and the feasibility of measures of muscle strength as an aid to monitoring
No full textCommunity case management services provide targeted care to patients with long term health conditions (LTCs) and complex needs, at high risk of adverse events such as emergency hospital admissions. However, there is no standardised evidence informed programme for providing such care, including for patient monitoring. The complexity of older patients, those most likely to have multiple LTCs, and who often present with frailty and atypical symptoms, enhance the difficulty of on-going monitoring and targeting of care. There is an established relationship between ageing and LTCs, frailty and muscle strength, and function and service use, suggesting that muscle strength may be a useful aid to monitoring. Whilst muscle strength is a known indicator for future health, it is not known whether monitoring it is feasible or useful as a short term indicator in older people, especially those at high risk of adverse events. Patients are initially identified for case management by predictive modelling and/or clinical judgement, but little is known about the patients who go on to receive such care. The feasibility and usefulness of routine measures of muscle strength to help clinicians provide timely interventions were investigated alongside case management patients’ health, functional and physical status.An initial pilot study in healthy older adults (n=21) investigated four portable measures of strength, grip strength, sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP), peak inspiratory flow (PIF) and peak expiratory flow (PEF), and confirmed, via the collection of repeated measures at two time points one week apart, the reliability and acceptability of all but SNIP. A follow on feasibility study explored the acceptability and stability of the three successfully piloted measures in case management patients (n=8) and clinicians (n=5) via researcher administered questionnaire, with the reliability and stability of the measures assessed using a variety of statistical tests including intra-class correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots, on data collected over a maximum 7 week period. Concurrently measures of physical and functional ability and health were conducted. A third study analysed routine primary and secondary care case management patient data (n=101), allowing the development of a health and demographic profile of patients, including an assessment of frailty.The pilot and feasibility studies confirmed the reliability and acceptability of three portable measures of strength, PIF, PEF and grip strength. The high level of muscle strength stability observed in patients over the short-medium term, despite adverse events, suggested that whilst monitoring muscle strength may be feasible it would not be useful over this time period. Analysis of routine primary and secondary care data, identified case management patients as predominately female, with age skewed towards the older old and experiencing high levels of deprivation. Multiple LTCs were commonly recorded, and a wide variety of conditions noted. Health service use varied greatly, with few patients recording frequent usage. A frailty index suggested that frailty was common, and highlighted the potential for the development of a useful frailty index using routine data to improve the targeting of case management services towards those who are most at risk
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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