36 research outputs found
A biological control approach to reducing Naupactus godmani (Curculionidae) populations in citrus using entomopathogenic nematodes
No full textOmaleki, Vinton/0000-0003-4639-2241WOS: 000449138500014The presence of eggs of the Fuller rose beetle, Naupactus godmani (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), on fruits are an issue for export of California navel oranges. In an effort to develop a management strategy for this pest, we tested three entomopathogenic nematode species in laboratory, greenhouse and field trials. Steinernema carpocapsae killed all Fuller Rose Beetle adults in laboratory assays, but were unsuccessful in the greenhouse. In field trials, applications of Steinernema riobrave reduced the number of emerging adults caught in Tedder's traps compared to Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and controls. Trees where the soil around the bases were treated with Grub Guard (a product containing, H. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae) leaf damage caused by adults was 44% less compared to controls. Entomopathogenic nematodes used as a sole method of FRB management are unlikely to provide satisfactory results in the field. Combining entomopathogenic nematodes with other biopesticides may be the best approach to their management.California Citrus Research Board; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK)We thank California Citrus Research Board for financial support of the study and Randy Skidgel for allowing us to conduct field experiments in his citrus orchard. Baris Gulcu was supported with 2219-postdoctoral scholarship by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) in this study
Thyroid Hemiagenesis Associated with Retrosternal Nodular Goiter: a Case Report
No full textThyroid hemiagenesis can be associated with various thyroid pathologies such as papillary thyroid cancer or nodular goiter. However, we did not encounter any publication in the literature in which hemiagenesis could be observed together with retrosternal goiter. In this report, a thyroid hemiagenesis associated with a benign nodular goiter extending retrosternally is reported. A 59-year-old male patient presented to the surgery clinic because of swelling in the neck. A mass was observed in the right thyroid lobe extending to the retrosternal region. On ultrasonography, a nodule in the right thyroid lobe measuring 63 mm was determined, which was extended retrosternally. However, the left lobe of the thyroid could not be visualized. Scintigraphy and Computerized Tomography confirmed hemiagenesis. Total thyroidectomy was performed without sternotomy. In conclusion, thyroid hemiagenesis can be associated with a retrosternally located nodular goiter
Long-term Outcomes of Laser Ablation of Fistula Tract for Fistula-in-Ano: A Considerable Option in Sphincter Preservation
No full textDISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUMBACKGROUND: Ablation of anal fistula tract using a radial laser-emitting probe is a sphincter-preserving technique. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess long-term outcomes of laser ablation of fistula tract. DESIGN: This was a retrospective analysis of the long-term outcomes of 100 patients who underwent laser ablation of fistula tract. SETTINGS: This was a single-center study from a tertiary center in Turkey. PATIENTS: All of the patients with fistula-in-ano were included. Exclusion criteria were the presence of perianal abscess, underlying Crohn's disease, fistula tract <2 cm, fistulas suitable for simple fistulotomy, and intersphincteric fistulas originated from posterior located chronic anal fissure. INTERVENTIONS: A probe housing a 15-watt laser emitting at a wavelength of 1470 nm and an energy level of 100 to 120 joule/cm was used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: No discharge, no symptoms, and fibrotic scar on skin where previously an external opening was present were defined as overall complete healing. All results other than overall complete healing were accepted as failure. RESULTS: A total of 100 patients underwent laser ablation of fistula tract with a median age of 42 years (range, 21-83 y). The majority of them were men. The overall success rate was 62 (95 CI, 52-71) in a median follow-up time of 48 months (range, 6-56 mo). None of the patients experienced permanent major or minor anal incontinence. LIMITATIONS: The retrospective nature of this study is its main limitation. Other limitations consist of phone interview for follow-up of the majority of the patients, single-institution data, and the relatively small number of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Laser ablation of the fistula tract is a sphincter-preserving procedure with an acceptable long-term success rate. See Video Abstract at
Evaluation of responses of different ant species (Formicidae) to the scavenger deterrent factor associated with the entomopathogenic nematode-bacterium complex
No full textWOS: 000449163400005According to previous observations, it was hypothesized that the feeding behavior of some ant species would be deterred by a scavenger deterrent factor (SDF), whereas for other species it would not. The effects of the SDF were studied on 11 ant species in three different subfamilies: Dolichoderinae Forel, 1878, Formicinae Latreille, 1809, and Myrmicinae Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835. The experiments were conducted from 2014-2015 in Davis, California, United States, Aydin, Turkey, and Duzce, Turkey. Five-day-old Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar, 1976), (Hb)-killed and freeze-killed Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus, 1758) were exposed to ant colonies in the field for 3 to 4 h. Seven ant species fed significantly less on Hb-killed insects than freeze-killed insect. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in cadaver consumption with five species, but Liometopum occidentale Emery, 1895 did consume a higher rate of Hb-killed insects than freeze-killed insects and was not deterred by SDF. It was also observed that four ant species took Hb-killed insects into the nests, but two Myrmicinae species, Pogonomyrmex subdentatus Mayr, 1870 and Messor meridionalis (Andre, 1883) removed the cadavers after 30 min, whereas two Formicinae species, Cataglyphis nodus (Brune, 1833) and Formica fusca Linnaeus, 1758, retained the cadavers in the nest. It was assumed that the latter two species consumed both Hb-killed and freeze-killed insects. Further studies are needed to explain why L. occidentale C. nodus and F. fusca are not deterred by SDF.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [2219]We thank P. Ward, University of California-Davis, Department of Entomology and Nematology, USA and K. Kiran, Trakya University, Department of Biology, Turkey for identification of ant species in our experiments and S. Tunc Kaya, Duzce University, Department of Biology for his assistance in the statistical analyses. B. Gulcu was supported by the 2219-Postdoctoral Scholarships for Turkish Citizens by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak) to the University of California, Davis
Hand-assisted Laparoscopy: Expensive but Considerable Step Between Laparoscopic and Open Colectomy
No full textNatural occurence of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) in the Aydin district of Turkey
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Postisometric relaxation technique versus pelvic floor relaxation exercise in the treatment of women with dyssynergic defecation: a controlled trial
No full textAim This study aimed to investigate the effects of post-isometric relaxation (PIR) technique and Pelvic floor relaxation exercises (PFRE) on disease symptoms and compare the methods. Methods 42 females with DD were assigned to the PIR (n = 21) or the PFRE group (n = 21), each receiving 8 sessions treatment. Constipation severity (Constipation Severity Instrument-CSI), pain intensity during and after defecation (Visual Analog Scale-VAS), defecation duration, quality of life (Constipation Quality of Life Questionnaire-PAC-QOL), pelvic floor muscle function (Electromyography-EMG), sexual function (Female Sexual Function Index-FSFI) and the impact of DD on pelvic floor functions (Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-short form-PFIQ-7) were assessed at baseline, and at the end of weeks 2 and 4. Results Defecation duration, pain intensity during and after defecation, CSI and PAC-QOL scores and pelvic floor relaxation activity (p 0.005). No significant change was found in the satisfaction score in the PIR group and in sexual desire, sexual arousal, lubrication and satisfaction scores in the PFRE group (p > 0.005). FSFI total (p = 0.001), sexual desire (p = 0.005), sexual arousal (p = 0.004), lubrication (p = 0.012), orgasm (p = 0.020), satisfaction (p = 0.042), and pain (p = 0.001) scores increased more in the PIR group than the PFRE group. PFIQ-7 summary (p < 0.001), Colorectal-Anal Impact Questionnaire (p < 0.001) and Pelvic Organ Prolapse Impact Questionnaire (p = 0.002) scores decreased more in the PIR group. Conclusion PIR and PFRE may be effective in managing symptoms and improving quality of life in women with DD, with PIR showing potentially greater benefits
Antagonists and defense mechanisms of entomopathogenic nematodes and their mutualistic bacteria
No full textEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae are effective biocontrol agents against a number of important soil insect pests and are safe to vertebrates, plants and other non-target organisms with no negative effects on the environment. They are associated with mutualistic bacteria in the genus Xenorhabdus for Steinernematidae and Photorhabdus for Heterorhabditidae and are often referred to as the nematode/bacterium complex. The natural habitat of EPNs is the soil where the third-stage infective juveniles (IJs), the only free-living stage, can infect an array of insect hosts. However, the survival of the IJs is affected by various abiotic (i.e., temperature, moisture, soil texture, soil salinity, UV light, oxygen, and pH) and biotic (i.e., natural enemies, omnivores, scavengers, competitors, and plants) factors in the soil. In this review, we summarize the impact of the biotic factors, especially natural enemies, omnivores, scavengers, and competitors against EPNs and conclude that the major predators of the IJs appear to be nematophagous fungi, mites, and collembolans. Omnivores and scavengers, particularly, mites, collembolans, ants and birds, feeding on EPNkilled insects appear to be the major mortality factors on the developing nematodes especially of insects that are 2 days or less post infection. In addition, we discuss the defense mechanisms of EPN IJs against nematophagous fungi, and the protection of the nematode-killed insects by production of the scavenger deterrent factor produced by the mutualistic bacteria against omnivores and scavengers. By understanding the interactions between EPNs and their antagonists we can improve and increase the successful use of EPNs in biological control programs.Aydin Adnan Menderes University Research Fund, Turkey [FEF-14006]; Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [116Z074]; RUSA -Phase 2.0 grant [Policy (TN Multi-Gen), Dept. of Edn. Govt. of India] [F.24-51/2014-U]; University Science Instrumentation Centre (USIC), Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, IndiaThe study was supported by Aydin Adnan Menderes University Research Fund, Turkey (Project number: FEF-14006); Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-Project Number: 116Z074); RUSA -Phase 2.0 grant [Letter No. F.24-51/2014-U, Policy (TN Multi-Gen), Dept. of Edn. Govt. of India, Dt. 09.10.2018] and University Science Instrumentation Centre (USIC), Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
