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Analysis of Agroecology and The Requirement of Supplemental Irrigation on Cacao Plants in Lampung
Get PDF<p><em>One of the factors that affect the productivity of cacao plants is water availability. Water deficit will negatively affect the development of cacao flowers and beans. Water stress is reported as one of the causes of low productivity on plantation crops in Lampung Province. The study was aimed to analyze the characteristics of agroecology and supplemental irrigation required for growth and production of cacao in Lampung. The research was carried out in the District of Pesawaran, Tanggamus, East Lampung, and South Lampung, Lampung Province, from 2012 to 2015. The study was conducted with the survey method and literature study for the collection of the primary and secondary data, related to the characteristics of the land agroecology. Geographically, the main cacao growing areas in this region is divided into two regions, western region consist of Pesawaran and Tanggamus District and east region comprise of East Lampung and South Lampung District. Based on agroecological zones, the planting of cacao in both regions is in accordance with the recommendations of land use. However, land suitability analysis showed that some of the agroecological characteristics of land becomes a limiting factor for the growth and production of cacao, including soil pH &lt; 5.5, low cations exchange capacity (CEC) (&lt; 16 cmol(+)/kg), air humidity &gt; 75%, and in some areas there is an erosion hazard. Another obstacle is the water deficit that occurs during 140 days within 1 year of cacao growth cycle that occurred in July until mid-November. There are two factors that can be applied to increase cacao productivity in Lampung province, i.e. (1) an improvement of cacao cultivation technology that can address the characteristics of agroecology as a limiting factor of growth, and (2) an application of a supplemental irrigation technology to avoid cacao from water stress. The requirement of supplemental irrigation is 340.5 mm in western region and 209.7 mm in eastern region of Lampung.</em></p></jats:p
Optimasi produksi kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr) melalui aplikasi pupuk hayati dan budidaya jenuh air di lahan rawa
No full textAbstractTidal swampland is a marginal land that has significant potentials for the development of food crops, although its exploration will face several constraints such as low pH, high content of iron (Fe2+), low phosphorus (P), shallow pyrite (FeS2) layer, high salinity, and excess water. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofertilizer and saturated soil cultivation in improving nutrient use efficiency and productivity of soybean in the tidal swamp. The field experiment was arranged in a splitsplit plot design with 2 x 3 x 4 treatments and 3 replications respectively. The treatment in the main plot was soybean cultivation techniques (B) consisting of farmer’s cultivation method (B1) and saturated soil cultivation (B2). The subplot treatment was soybean superior varieties consisting of Anjasmoro (V1), Argomulyo (V2) and Grobogan (V3) and the sub-subplot treatment was fertilization (P) consisting of a 100% of standard dose of NPK (P1) and the use of biological fertilizers (1 kg) combined with NPK; 100% of standard dose (P2), 75% of the standard dose (P3), and 50% of the standard dose (P4) per hectare. The results showed that Bradyrhizobium japonicum R6 and Aeromonas punctata RJM3020 as an active ingredient of biofertilizer was effective to reduce chemical fertilizer NPK up to 50% of the standard dose commonly applied to soybean cultivation by farmers. Anjasmoro varieties treated with this biofertilizer and combined with 50% of standard dosages of NPK could produce up to 2.798 kg of dry beans/ha under saturated soil cultivation.Keywords: soybean, biofertilizer, saturated soil cultivation, tidal swamp Abstrak Lahan rawa pasang surut merupakan lahan marginal yang memiliki potensi cukup besar untuk pengembangan pertanian tanaman pangan, meskipun dalam pemberdayaannya berhadapan dengan beberapa kendala seperti pH tanah rendah, kandungan besi (Fe2+) tinggi, kandungan fosfor (P) rendah, lapisan pirit (FeS2) relatif dangkal, kadar salinitas tinggi, dan volume air berlebih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji kemampuan pupuk hayati dan budidaya jenuh air dalam memperbaiki efisiensi penggunaan hara dan produktivitas kedelai di lahan rawa pasang surut. Percobaan lapang menggunakan rancangan petak-petak terpisah dengan perlakuan 2 x 3 x 4 dan masing-masing diulang 3 kali. Sebagai petak utama ialah teknik budidaya kedelai (B) yang terdiri atas budidaya cara petani (B1) dan budidaya jenuh air (B2). Perlakuan pada anak petak yaitu kedelai varietas unggul baru (VUB) yang terdiri atas Anjasmoro (V1), Argomulyo (V2) dan Grobogan (V3). Sedangkan perlakuan pada anak-anak petak adalah pemupukan (P) yang terdiri atas NPK 100% dosis standar (P1), dan penggunaan 1 kg pupuk hayati yang dikombinasi dengan NPK; 100% dosis standar (P2), 75% dosis standar (P3), dan 50% dosis standar (P4) per hektar. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan peng-gunaan Bradyrhizobium japonicum R6 dan Aeromonas punctata RJM3020 sebagai bahan aktif pupuk hayati dapat menghemat penggunaan pupuk kimia NPK sampai dengan 50% dari dosis standar yang biasa diaplikasikan petani untuk budidaya kedelai. Di dalam sistem budidaya jenuh air, kedelai varietas Anjasmoro yang diperlakukan dengan pupuk hayati dengan kombinasinya menggunakan pupuk NPK 50% dari dosis standar dapat menghasilkan biji kering sampai dengan 2.798 kg/ha. Kata kunci: kedelai, pupuk hayati, budidaya jenuh air, lahan rawa pasang surut </jats:p
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK LAHAN DAN MUTU BIJI PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) DAERAH LAMPUNG / Analysis of Land Characteristics and Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Seed Quality of Lampung
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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