1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Agricultural Innovation Characteristics and Their Utilisation: A Case of National Agricultural Research Organization
No full textAlthough innovations exist in the agricultural sector in Uganda, there is inadequate adoption/utilization of agricultural innovations by end-users. The research was carried out to assess the utilization of agricultural innovations in Uganda using a case of the National Agricultural Research Organisation with the following objectives: to establish the factors that influence development of agricultural innovations, to determine the relationship between agricultural innovation characteristics and utilization of innovations at farm level, and to examine the effect of market attributes on utilization of innovations in agriculture. The study was guided by a conceptual framework which considered agricultural innovation characteristics and market attributes as independent variables and utilization as a dependent variable. Using a cross sectional survey research design, a survey mainly using structured questionnaires was carried out among the National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) staff to establish the factors that influence development of agricultural innovations. In order to establish how the innovation characteristics and market attributes affect utilization of innovations, a total of 91 households involved in cassava, maize and rice production were interviewed in Kihiihi sub-county, one of the sub-counties in Kanungu district where the NARO innovations on cassava, maize and rice have been promoted. The data was collected, coded, cleaned and analysed using SPSS to generate frequency tables and STATA to generate an ordered logistic regression of innovation characteristics and market attributes on utilization of agricultural innovations. The respondents agreed that it is important to consider the cost, relevance, and end-user opinion of agricultural innovations as important determinants of developing agricultural innovations. Also respondents agreed that in order to sustain innovations, agricultural research innovators need a clear plan on how innovations should be done (88% of respondents agreed), 91% of respondents agreed that regular information sharing among stakeholders and 94% agreed that the cost of the innovation process, are important factors in sustaining agricultural research innovations. Of the three commodities considered in this study, generation of new varieties emerged as the most important agricultural innovation in the community with 56%, 48% and 54% of the innovation on cassava, maize and rice respectively. The results also indicated that that there was a positive significant relationship between the attribute/characteristics of the varieties and the extent of utilization of varieties. In addition, regression results indicated that innovation characteristics such as relative xii advantage, compatibility, triability and, other variables such as gender, age, education had a significant effect (p<0.05) on innovation utilization by farming communities. However, complexity had a negative significant effect. The age of respondents has a negative significant effect on the utilization of the innovations while education had a positive significant effect on utilization of innovation.
Keywords: Agricultural Innovation Characteristics, Utilisation, National Agricultural Research Organization, NARO
Breeding investigations for black Sigatoka resistance and associated traits in diploids, tetraploids and the triploid progenies of bananas in Uganda.
Get PDFThesis (Ph.D.) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2009.Reduced banana yield owing to black Sigatoka Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet is a threat to the livelihoods of Ugandan subsistence farmers who depend entirely on the banana crop for food security. The objectives of this investigation were to: (i) assess farmers’ knowledge of black Sigatoka disease in central Uganda; (ii) document the qualities farmers would desire in the banana genotypes to be developed for black Sigatoka resistance; (iii) appraise the methods for assessing black Sigatoka resistance in diploid banana populations; (iv) determine the phenotypic variation for black Sigatoka resistance and agronomic traits in diploid and tetraploid bananas; (v) determine the influence of tetraploid and diploid parents on the black Sigatoka resistance and agronomic traits in the triploid progenies; and (vi) evaluate 2x by 2x banana progenies for yield and black Sigatoka resistance. A survey that focused on low and medium banana production zones in Uganda established that there was limited awareness of black Sigatoka disease as a constraint on banana production in the areas surveyed. It was also established that farmers liked local bananas because of their superior taste, early maturity, and marketability. There were farmers who had been exposed to new black Sigatoka resistant materials but never liked these new banana materials because of poor taste and lack of market. Farmers desired new banana materials with good taste on cooking, heavy bunches, resistance to pests and diseases, drought tolerance, and early maturing capacity in that order. The results indicated that the banana farmers in Uganda attached more importance to food quality attributes than to production attributes especially when considering new banana materials. This suggested that farmers mainly grow bananas for consumption. Three black Sigatoka assessment methods, youngest leaf spotted, disease development time and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) were appraised using a diploid population. All the three methods were able to classify the diploid accessions into resistant and susceptible clones. The cultivar rankings of AUDPC correlated strongly with the rankings of disease development time. The cultivar rankings of AUDPC correlated positively with the rankings of youngest leaf spotted method. The youngest leaf spotted at flowering and AUDPC predicted significantly total number of leaves at flowering (R2 = 0.53). Overall AUDPC had the highest coefficient of determination (R2=0.84) in assessment of banana diploids for black Sigatoka resistance indicating that it accounted for the highest variation in disease response observed among the diploid clones. From this investigation it was recommended that AUDPC should be used to assess resistance on black Sigatoka in Musa species. A phenotypic analysis on the diploid and synthetic tetraploids, and a molecular analysis using RAPD markers on the tetraploid population were conducted. Results indicated that the diploid population had significant (P<0.001) variation for plant height, plant girth, days from flowering to harvest, bunch weight, number of suckers, youngest leaf spotted, total leaves at flowering, area under disease progress curve, and number of functional leaves at harvest. Principal component analysis showed that plant height and girth explained most of the variation observed in the diploid population. In the tetraploid population, significant differences were observed for plant height, plant girth, and number of suckers (P<0.05). In the tetraploids principal component analysis, indicated that youngest leaf spotted and total leaves at flowering had higher loadings on principal component one. Genetic distances computed from RAPD markers indicated limited genetic variability in the tetraploid population. Another investigation was also carried out to determine the influence of tetraploid and diploid parents on black Sigatoka resistance and agronomic traits in the triploid progenies generated from tetraploid-diploid crosses. The results indicated that diploids transferred black Sigatoka resistance to triploid progenies as measured by disease development over time, the number of functional leaves at flowering and at harvest. On the other hand, the female synthetic tetraploids influenced plant height and bunch weight in the triploid progenies generated from tetraploid-diploid crosses as observed from triploid progeny correlations and parent-offspring regressions. Therefore, it is important to select tetraploids with heavy bunch weights to generate high yielding triploids in tetraploid-diploid crosses. Lastly, this thesis investigated the relationship between bunch weight and black Sigatoka resistance traits in 2x by 2x progenies generated using a random polycross design. Phenotypic correlations revealed strong positive relationships between bunch weight with total leaves at flowering, youngest leaf spotted, plant girth, and days from planting to flowering among the 2x by 2x progenies. Linear regression analysis indicated that girth, total fingers and finger length significantly predicted bunch weight (R2=0.67). However, days from planting to flowering, and total leaves at flowering had strong indirect effects on bunch weight via plant girth. The results imply that selection for parents with good combining ability for girth, finger length and total fingers can improve bunch weight in a diploid population
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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