1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Implication des calcium/calmoduline-dépendente kinase kinases et du facteur neurotrophique BDNF dans le mécanisme d'action des antidépresseurs
No full textLa dépression est un trouble de l’humeur qui affecte environ 15% de la population mondiale et qui peut être déclenché par de nombreux facteurs incluant le stress. De plus, un débalancement de l’axe Hypothalmo-hypophyso-surrénalien est présent chez plusieurs patients dépressifs. À l’heure actuelle, les antidépresseurs se révèlent être le moyen le plus efficace pour traiter cette maladie. Les antidépresseurs exercent leur fonction thérapeutique principalement en activant le facteur de transcription CREB via la voie de signalisation AMPc-dépendante. Cette activation résulte en une augmentation de la transcription de certains gènes impliqués dans la protection et la survie cellulaire tel que BDNF. Or CREB peut aussi être activé par la voie de signalisation du calcium. Les travaux rapportés dans cette thèse traitent de la possible implication de protéines de la voie du calcium, plus particulièrement la CaMKKα et la CaMKKβ, dans le mécanisme d’action des antidépresseurs. Dans un premier temps, nous avons clôné l’ARNm de la CaMKKβ de la souris et avons étudié la distribution de l’expression génique des CaMKKs dans le système nerveux central de la souris. Ceci nous a permis de constater qu’elles étaient exprimées fortement dans les régions impliquées dans la dépression. Dans la deuxième phase des travaux, nous avons utilisé l’approche par hybridation in situ pour étudier l’effet d’un traitement chronique aux antidépresseurs sur l’expression génique des CaMKKs. De plus, nous avons utilisé une souris transgénique possédant une dysfonction des récepteurs aux glucocorticoïdes (GR) et servant comme modèle neuroendocrine de la dépression. L’analyse des différents degrés d’expression de l’ARNm des CaMKKs et de BDNF montre que différentes régions réagissent au traitement aux antidépresseurs ou au dysfonctionnement des GR. Parmi celles-ci, le cortex préfrontal et l’hippocampe se révèlent particulièrement intéressants par leur implication dans la dépression. L’ensemble de nos résultats nous permet de proposer que la voie de signalisation du calcium soit également une cible des antidépresseurs.Major depression is a mood disorder that affect 15% of the population and that can be caused by various factors, including stress. Hypothalamo-pituiary-adrenal axis hyperactivity is present in a majority of depressive patients. Antidepressant drugs are the best therapy that exists to treat depression. They exert their therapeutic action by activating the AMPc signaling pathway and the transcription factor CREB, which leads to an increase in the transcription of genes implicated in cell protection and surviving, like BDNF. CREB can also be activated by the calcium-signaling pathway. This thesis reports the possible implication of the CaMKKα and CaMKKβ in the mechanism of action of antidepressants. We first cloned the mRNA of the mouse CaMKKβ and described the distribution of both CaMKKs in the mouse central nervous system. They were strongly expressed in brain regions that are implicated in major depression. Next, we used in situ hybridization to study the effect of chronic antidepressant treatment on the gene expression of the CaMKKs. Moreover, we used a transgenic mouse characterized by a dysfunction of the glucocorticoid receptors (GR) as a neuroendocrine model of depression. The analysis of the different levels of expression of the CaMKKs and BDNF shows that different brain areas react to antidepressants or to GR dysfunction. For instance, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus are of particular importance due to their implication in depression. Our results suggest that the calcium siganling pathway might be a target of antidepressant drugs
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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