1,720,997 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pneumònia per COVID-19 i associada a la ventilació mecànica: caracterització de la Síndrome de Distrés Respiratòria Aguda en aquestes dues malalties
Full text link[cat] La síndrome de distrés respiratòria aguda és causada per patologies habitualment d’etiologia infecciosa que produeixen un insult pulmonar. La pneumònia associada a la ventilació mecànica i la infecció per SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) poden ser-ne causes. No obstant, aquesta síndrome no s’ha caracteritzat suficientment en aquestes dues malalties. El diagnòstic de síndrome de distrés respiratòria aguda en el context d’una pneumònia associada a la ventilació mecànica podria tenir un interès epidemiològic rellevant en cas que presenti característiques clíniques específiques pel què fa la gravetat o el diagnòstic microbiològic; o si la presència d’aquesta síndrome empitjorés els desenllaços clínics. En la COVID-19 la caracterització fisiològica de la síndrome de distrés respiratòria aguda podria ajudar a aplicar mesures de suport vital com la ventilació mecànica invasiva de forma correcte. Addicionalment, identificar complicacions pulmonars específiques de la síndrome de distrés respiratoria associada a la COVID-19 podria ajudar a entendre la trajectòria cap a la mortalitat d’aquests pacients.
Els objectis d’aquesta tesis doctoral són: I) analitzar si els pacients amb pneumònia associada a la ventilació mecànica que es manifesta en forma de síndrome de distrés respiratòria aguda presenten pitjors desenllaços clínics que els pacients que no presenten aquesta complicació. II) En aquests dos grups de pacients, comparar les característiques epidemiològiques, la gravetat de les disfuncions orgàniques i la microbiologia. III) Descriure les característiques de l’intercanvi de gasos, mecànica pulmonar i paràmetres de ventilació mecànica en pacients amb COVID-19 i síndrome de distrés respiratòria aguda. IV) Analitzar les diferències en les disfuncions orgàniques, fisiologia respiratòria i mortalitat dels pacients amb síndrome de distrés respiratòria associada la COVID-19 i a altres malalties. V) Estudiar la resposta fibroproliferativa dels pacients amb síndrome de distrés respiratòria associada a la COVID-19 i a altres malalties. VI) Investigar l’associació de la resposta fibroproliferativa i els desenllaços clínics en pacients amb COVID-19 i síndrome de distrés respiratòria aguda.
Primer, els resultats d’aquesta tesis permeten concloure que la síndrome de distrés
respiratòria aguda derivada d’una pneumònia associada a la ventilació mecànica
s’identifica en un 14% de pacients aproximadament. No obstant, la presència
d’aquesta síndrome no s’associa a un increment en la mortalitat, ni tampoc a més dies de ventilació mecànica, d’estada a la UCI o a l’hospital, a una diagnòstic microbiològic específic, a una millor o pitjor adequació del tractament antibiòtic empíric, ni a altres desenllaços clínics.
Segon, en la COVID-19 s’ha identificat un trastorn en la oxigenació, en l’espai mort i en la mecànica pulmonar similar a altres cohorts de pacients amb SDRA no COVID-19. L’absència de correlació entre la distensibilitat del sistema respiratori i la oxigenació podrien suggerir que la COVID-19 provoca un trastorn de la regulació de la perfusió pulmonar que empitjora el shunt fisiològic.
Tercer, en la COVID-19 sembla existir de forma molt més freqüent una resposta fibroproliferativa caracteritzada per canvis “fibrotic-like” i pneumònia organitzativa. En la forma més extensa està associada a més dies de ventilació mecànica i d’estada a les unitats de cures intensives.[spa] El síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo está causado por patologías de etiología habitualmente infecciosa que producen un insulto pulmonar. La neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica y la infección por SARS-CoV- 2 (COVID-19) pueden ser causas. No obstante, este síndrome no ha estado caracterizado en estas dos enfermedades. El diagnóstico del síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo en el contexto de una neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica podría tener un interés epidemiológico relevante en caso de que presente características clínicas específicas en cuanto a la gravedad o el diagnóstico microbiológico; o en caso de que su presencia empeore los desenlaces clínicos. En la COVID-19 la caracterización fisiológica del síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo podría ayudar a aplicar las medidas de soporte vital como la ventilación mecánica correctamente. Adicionalmente, identificar complicaciones pulmonares específicas del síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo asociado a la
COVID-19 podría ayudar a entender las causas que incrementan el riesgo de muerte en estos pacientes.
Los objetivos de esta tesis doctoral son: I) analizar si los pacientes con
neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica que se manifiesta en forma de síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo presentan peores desenlaces clínicos en comparación con el grupo de pacientes que no presenta esta complicación. II) En estos dos grupos de pacientes (neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica con o sin síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo) comparar las características epidemiológicas, la gravedad de las disfunciones orgánicas y la microbiología. III) Describir las características en el intercambio de gases, mecánica pulmonar y parámetros ventilatorios de pacientes con COVID-19 y síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo. IV) Analizar las diferencias en las disfunciones orgánicas, fisiología respiratoria y mortalidad de los pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo asociado a la COVID-19 y a otras enfermedades. V) Estudiar la respuesta fibroproliferativa de los pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo asociado a la COVID-19 y a otras enfermedades. VI) Investigar la asociación entre la respuesta fibroproliferativa y los desenlaces clínicos en pacientes con COVID-19 y síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo.
Primero, los resultados de esta tesis permiten concluir que el síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo derivado de una neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica se identifica en un 14% de pacientes aproximadamente. No obstante, su presencia no se asocia a un incremento en la mortalidad, ni tampoco a más días de ventilación mecánica, de estada en la UCI o al hospital, a un diagnóstico microbiológico específico, a una peor adecuación del tratamiento antibiótico empírico, ni a otros desenlaces clínicos.
Segundo, en la COVID-19 se ha identificado un trastorno en la oxigenación, en el espacio muerto y en la mecánica pulmonar similar a otras cohortes de pacientes con SDRA no COVID-19. La ausencia de correlación entre la distensibilidad del sistema respiratorio y la oxigenación podría sugerir que la COVID-19 provoca un trastorno de la regulación de la perfusión pulmonar que empeora el shunt fisiológico. Tercero, en la COVID-19 parece existir de forma más frecuente una respuesta fibroproliferativa caracterizada por cambios “firbotic-like” y neumonía organizativa. En la forma más extensa se asocia a más días de ventilación mecánica y de estada a la unidad de cuidados intensivos
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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