1,721,304 research outputs found
EMOTIONAL ABUSE AND GENERAL DISTRESS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: THE MEDIATION ROLE OF INTERNALIZED SHAME AND CHRONIC ILLNESS STIGMA
No full textBackground: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, causing a wide range of physical and cognitive symptoms, including movement difficulties, fatigue, and cognitive impairments. Research shows that individuals with MS experience higher levels of trauma than the general population. A specific form of trauma, such as Childhood Emotional Abuse (CEA), can lead to anxiety, depression, and stress. It can also foster maladaptive beliefs, like a sense of unworthiness and wrongdoing, which contribute to the development of shame. Additionally, CEA can make individuals more vulnerable to Chronic Illness Stigma due to feelings of inadequacy associated with past abuse.
Research has found that emotional abuse can impair emotional regulation, making individuals more susceptible to Internalized Shame and Chronic Illness Stigma, which in turn can worsen their ability to cope with MS, leading to increased General Distress.
Objective: This study aimed to assess whether Internalized Shame and Illness Stigma mediate the relationship between Emotional Abuse and General Distress.
Method: A sample of 171 individuals with MS, aged 19 to 65 years (M = 34.04; SD = 10.01), were recruited via social media and completed an online survey. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with latent variables was used to test a model where Emotional Abuse was the predictor, Internalized Shame and Chronic Illness Stigma were mediators, and General Distress was the outcome.
Results: The model showed good fit indices: χ2(49) = 89.81, p < .001; CFI = .97, RMSEA = .07 (90% CI = .05–.09), SRMR = .08. Significant paths were found from Emotional Abuse to Internalized Shame (β = .42) and Chronic Illness Stigma (β = .32). Significant paths were also found from Internalized Shame (β = .83) and Chronic Illness Stigma (β = .14) to General Distress. A non-significant path was found from Emotional Abuse to General Distress (β = .03). However, statistically significant indirect effects of Emotional Abuse on General Distress via Internalized Shame (β = .34) and Chronic Illness Stigma (β = .05) were detected.
Conclusions: The results indicate that Internalized Shame and Chronic Illness Stigma mediate the relationship between Emotional Abuse and General Distress. Individuals who experience feelings of inadequacy and self-isolation are less likely to seek emotional support or help with daily tasks, which may contribute to distress. These findings highlight the importance of addressing Internalized Shame and Illness Stigma in treatment to improve distressing states in individuals with MS
Xenophobia and Xenophilia, the Bright and Dark Sides of Attitude Towards Foreigners: A Self-Determination Theory Approach
No full textIntroduction: The intensification of the migration phenomenon led to a growing interest in the public domain about the attitudes towards foreigners. Xenophobia and xenophilia are two opposite orientations towards foreigners, that could be considered the consequences of the interaction between several factors. Based on the self-determination theory, this study aims to verify that a bright pathway composed by intrinsic goal, needs satisfaction and altruism could explain xenophilia, whereas a dark pathway composed by extrinsic goal, needs frustration, and egoism could explain xenophobia in a group of Italian emerging adult. Methods: A group of 306 Italian emerging adults (aged 18–24), completed questionnaires and structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesized model. Results: The results showed a relation between intrinsic goals and needs satisfaction, conversely needs satisfaction was related to altruism, moreover altruism was related to xenophilia. On the other hand, extrinsic goals were related to need frustration; moreover, need frustration was related to egoism and egoism was related to xenophobia. Discussion: These results were discussed within the Italian context for a better general comprehension of both xenophobia and xenophilia in a SDT framework
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The mediational role of psychological basic needs in the relation between conception of God and psychological outcomes
No full textRelatively few studies have examined the relationship between conception of God and psychological outcomes in a self-determination theory (SDT) framework. The aim of this study was to examine the role of basic psychological needs as a mediator of the association between conception of God and psychological outcomes. In a sample of 210 religious young adults, we found that the concept of a controlling God was positively associated with feelings of need frustration and depression, whilst the concept of an autonomy-supporting God was positively associated with feelings of need satisfaction and vitality. In turn, need satisfaction promoted feelings of vitality, whereas need frustration led to feelings of depression. The satisfaction of needs was a full mediator of the relationship between autonomy-supporting God and vitality, whilst the frustration of needs was a full mediator of the relationship between controlling God and depression. These findings are discussed in terms of SDT. We also discuss how future research may further increase our understanding of the dynamics involved in concepts of God and psychological outcomes
Healthy and binge eating behaviours: the motivational processes underlying peer pressure
No full textThe WHO underlined the importance of a healthy diet for the psychophysical well-being of the person. Self Determination Theory highlighted how the interaction between contextual, such as peer pressure, and motivational factors play a fundamental role in promoting healthy eating habits. The present study aims to assess if peer pressure affects eating habits and binge eating through the mediation of motivation. Questionnaires were administered to 588 young-adults aged between 18 and 24 years (M = 20.56, DS = 1.78) in the Italian context. Results suggest that Peer Pressure predicted Controlled Motivation and Autonomous Motivation, and that motivation predicted Eating Behaviors and Binge Eating. In addition, Peer Pressure also has a direct effect on Binge Eating. The results confirm the importance of investigating contextual and motivational factors in the area of prevention and intervention in eating habits
Sibling Relationships and Social Development in Youth and Emerging Adults: A Self-Determination Theory Approach
No full textThis study aimed to examine an integrated model of the mediation role of need satisfaction and frustration in the association between the sibling relationship and interpersonal competence and social anxiety in young adults and their siblings. In a sample of 1621 pairs of siblings with a range age between 16 and 30 years old, the actor-partner interdependence mediation model showed that (a) a positive sibling relationship promotes need satisfaction, while a negative relationship promotes need frustration; (b) need satisfaction to promote interpersonal competence, while need frustration promote social anxiety; and (c) a mediation role of basic need in the association between sibling relationship and social anxiety and interpersonal competence. The need satisfaction perceived by the older siblings is negatively related to social anxiety and positively related to the interpersonal competence of younger siblings. These results showed the importance of focusing on sibling dynamics in the family context using a SDT approach
How parental autonomy support prevent from adolescents’ depression and low self-esteem: a mediational model with trait Emotional Intelligence
Full text linkObjective: The main aim of this study was to deepen the literature about parental autonomy support, analysing the relation between its two dimensions, Promotion of Independence (PI) and Promotion of Volitional Functioning (PVF), and adaptive outcomes in adolescents. Specifically, it was hypothesized that both components would predict higher self-esteem and lower depression in adolescents, through the mediation of trait Emotional Intelligence (trait EI). Method: A total of 283 adolescents, aged between 14 and 17 years (M=15.53; SD=1.21), participated in this study. They completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies- Depression Scale (CES-D), the Promotion of Independence (PI) and Promotion of Volitional Functioning (PVF), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire- Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue-ASF). Results: It was found that parental autonomy support predicted trait EI, which in turn fully mediated the relation between supportive practices and psychological outcomes in adolescents, with several interesting parent gender differences. Conclusions: This study highlights how autonomy-supportive practices are fundamental for healthy and adequate development of emotional intelligence in adolescents. It also contributes to the advancement of research on the contextual and individual mechanisms underlying the functional adaptation of offspring
Linking environmental pressures and trait emotional intelligence to eating symptomatology: the mediating role of unhealthy body self-perceptions
No full textProblematic behaviours and flow experiences during screen-based activities as opposite outcomes of the dual process of passion and basic needs
No full textDrawing on the self-determination theory (SDT) framework and the dualistic model of passion, the current study sought to test a model in which psychological basic needs differently predicted harmonious and obsessive passion, which in turn lead to problematic behaviours and flow experience across two different screen-based activities (gaming and social network use) through two separate studies. Across all studies, the results showed that higher levels of needs frustration in general life are likely to promote higher levels of obsessive passion, which in turn foster higher levels of problematic behaviours. Conversely, higher levels of needs satisfaction are likely to promote higher levels of harmonious passion, which predict higher levels of flow experience. This study contributes to the understanding of the motivational pathways that characterise the engagement in screen-based activities and provides evidence that the psychological experience during the activity could lead to a positive or a negative outcome
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