248 research outputs found
Acetobacter cerevisiae bent for biofilm formation and survival as planktonic and sessile cells.
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonism improves endothelial dysfunction in patients with Crohn's disease
No full textThis study assessed the presence of endothelial dysfunction in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and evaluated the possible role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the pathophysiology of this abnormality. Similar elevations in circulating markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were observed in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis compared to controls. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation to acetylcholine was impaired in Crohn's disease, but not in ulcerative colitis. Endothelium-independent vasodilation to sodium nitroprusside, by contrast, was not different among the three groups. The TNF-alpha neutralizing antibody, infliximab, enhanced the responsiveness to acetylcholine, but not to nitroprusside, in Crohn's disease, without modifying vascular responses to both drugs in ulcerative colitis. In conclusion, despite comparable degrees of systemic inflammation in the two IBDs, endothelial dysfunction is a selective feature of Crohn's disease and is beneficially affected by intravascular TNF-alpha neutralization. These findings underscore the role of selective cytokine targeting in improving endothelial function in patients with Crohn's disease
Authors, languages and potential translations in Ibero-American cultural periodicals (1898-1959), with VIAF linked author data
No full textThe dataset provides data on contributors—authors of contributions/articles—to Ibero-American cultural periodicals from the first half of 20th century. Using basic information like article titles and authorship as a starting point, we have retrieved a set of 60987 potential authors to 292186 articles in 309 periodicals published between 1898 and 1959, held in online repositories or libraries located in Argentina, Spain, Portugal, and Germany, all related to Spanish-speaking and Lusophone literary and cultural magazines. By applying machine learning and natural language processing tools, as well as by linking the author's names against the Virtual International Authority File (VIAF), we provide enriched information on gender, language, and nationality for about 66% of the initially identified contributor names, responsible for about 26% of the articles. We identify potential translations—loosely defined as texts published in a language different from the author’s native or writing language—and the presence of foreign authors in the Ibero-American cultural press
Market Reaction to the Expected Loss Model in Banks
Get PDFThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this recordWe investigate how investors perceive the adoption of the expected-loss model (ELM) for impairment incorporated in IFRS 9. Using a sample of European listed banks covering the period of the standard-setting process of IFRS 9, we examine whether the market perceives the new regulation to increase shareholder wealth. First, we document a positive market reaction to the ELM adoption events. Second, we find that investors perceive that the potential benefits of ELM are more pronounced for larger banks, banks with lower profitability and higher systemic risk, and for those that received a public bailout and with more positively skewed returns. Overall, these results support a “monitoring” channel suggesting that ELM may lead to greater bank transparency and more effective market discipline, fundamental for improving financial stability
Geographic Range Shifts Do Not Erase the Historic Signal of Speciation in Mammals This content downloaded from 150. Geographic Range Shifts Do Not Erase the Historic Signal of Speciation in Mammals
No full textJSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . Online enhancements: appendix tables, zip file. abstract: Many evolutionary analyses assume that the positions of species geographic ranges are sufficiently phylogenetically conserved that current ranges reflect ancestral ranges and retain the historic signal of speciation. The validity of this assumption has been challenged, because there is evidence that ranges can shift rapidly and extensively. Here I test the assumption of range conservatism using simulations and empirical tests of phylogenetic signal in geographic positions of ranges within mammal orders, families, and genera. In most taxa, range positions show strong phylogenetic signal, quantified using Pagel's l, Mantel tests, and a novel method to measure phylogenetic signal near the tips of a phylogeny. Taxa with highly labile range positions are exceptions to the general pattern and include very young groups such as Sciurus that may still be in the early, rapid-expansion phase of adaptive radiation. In two orders containing many species with large distributions (Artiodactyla and Carnivora), temporal patterns of range evolution are consistent with large instantaneous shifts in range position associated with allopatric speciation. In most other taxa, range evolution is better described by models that allow ranges to evolve along branches of the phylogeny. The results point to a common pattern of phylogenetically conserved ranges where the current position of species ranges reflects their position at the time of speciation, modified by gradual drift of range boundaries through time
Toll-like receptor 4 mediates endothelial cell activation through NF-κB but is not associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Get PDFTo investigate the effects of TLR4 antagonism on human endothelial cells activation and cytokine expression, and whether the Asp299Gly TLR4 polymorphism is associated with better endothelial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
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