1,721,009 research outputs found
National Fitness or Failure? Heredity, Vice and Racial Decline in New Zealand Psychiatry: A Case Study of the Auckland Mental Hospital, 1868-99
No full textThis thesis examines anxieties about national fitness and efficiency in nineteenth-century New Zealand through a detailed study of medical and popular ideas about the causes of mental illness. In particular, it foregrounds the perceived roles played by heredity and vice in medical diagnoses both inside institutions and in wider discussions about mental illness. The thesis draws upon medical journals, popular newspaper articles, government reports and debates, and patient case notes from the Auckland Mental Hospital between 1868 and 1899 to investigate discourses about the mentally ill, and to highlight the relationships between anxieties about this ‘problem’ section of the population and contemporary social concerns. This methodology demonstrates how a range of texts helped to produce a discursive association between heredity and vice, mental illness, and a feared decline in the ‘fitness’ of the ‘British’ race in New Zealand and in the wider British World, and also that the mentally ill in nineteenth-century New Zealand were often depicted as living consequences of a family history of indulgence in various forms of vice, or of the procreation of the mentally unfit. Medical and popular ideas about general paralysis and puerperal insanity, in particular, were strongly related to gender and class norms, and throughout this thesis, ideals of class and gender are explored as shaping influences on medical and popular theories about the aetiology of mental illness in general.
By drawing on medical discourses from Britain and New Zealand, this thesis also demonstrates the transnational nature of psychiatric medical theories deployed in Britain and New Zealand. This transnational transmission of ideas occurred through the migration of British born and educated psychiatrists to New Zealand, the context of British medical journals (such as the British Medical Journal and the Journal of Mental Science) which circulated in New Zealand, and attendance at Intercolonial Medical Congresses, shared between New Zealand and the Australian colonies from 1892. Transactions from these congresses, along with medical journal articles and popular sources, reveal that the period from 1868 until the end of the nineteenth century was an intellectual environment ripe for the emergence of concerns about racial decline, a trend highlighted by the presence of the mentally ill, in a ‘new’ society
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Interview with Barbara Brookes
No full textThe Global Feminisms Project (http://www.umich.edu/~glblfem/en/index.html) is a collaborative international oral history project that examines the history of feminist activism, women's movements, and academic women's studies in sites around the world. The current archive includes interviews with women's movement activists and women's studies scholars in China, India, Nicaragua, Poland, and the United States. We are currently working on adding interviews from Brazil and Russia. The Project is based in the Institute for Research on Women and Gender (IRWG) at UM, which is also the home for the U.S. site research team. Our international collaborators include: - Laboratorio de Historia Oral e Imagem - UFF (the Laboratory of Oral History and Images at the Federal Fluminense University in Rio de Janeiro) and Nucleo de Historia, Memoria e Documento - NUMEM (the Center for History, Memory, and Documentation at the Federal State University in Rio de Janeiro), BRAZIL - China Women's University in Beijing, CHINA - SPARROW, Sound and Picture Archives for Research on Women in Mumbai, INDIA - Movimiento Autonomo de Mujeres de Nicaragua (Autonomous Women's Movement), NICARAGUA - Fundacja Kobiet eFKa (Women's Foundation eFKa) in Krakow, POLANDBarbara Brookes is a New Zealand historian and academic who specialises in women's history and medical history. She completed a bachelor's degree with honours at the University of Otago in 1976, then won a scholarship to Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania, where she completed both her master's (1978) and doctoral (1982) degrees. Her PhD thesis topic was Abortion in England during the inter-war period (1918-1939), published as Abortion in England, 1900-1967 (Croom Helm, 1988; Routledge, 2012). After graduating from Bryn Mawr she returned to Aotearoa/New Zealand to complete post-doctoral studies at University of Otago and was offered a position in the university's Department of History in 1983 where she remained until her retirement in June 2020. In 1986, Brookes and her colleague, Dorothy Page introduced the first honours-level women's history course in New Zealand. In 2004, she became head of the Department of History and guided the amalgamation of the department with the art history department to form the Department of History and Art History. She has authored or edited thirteen books. Her A History of New Zealand Women (2016; Bridget Williams Books https://www.bwb.co.nz/books/a-history-of-new-zealand-women/), won the 2017 Ockham New Zealand Book Award (Illustrated Non-Fiction category). Her most recent book, co-edited with James Dunk, is Knowledge Making: Historians, Archives and Bureaucracy (Routledge, 2020). In 2022, Brookes was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Ap_rangi. As professor emerita, she continues to pursue her research concerning gender relations in New Zealand, and the history of health and disease in New Zealand and Britain.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/195027/1/Barbara_Brookes_Final.docxhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/195027/2/Barbara_Brookes_HD.mp4http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/195027/3/Barbara_Brookes_SD.mp
Interview with Barbara Brookes
No full textThe Global Feminisms Project (http://www.umich.edu/~glblfem/en/index.html) is a collaborative international oral history project that examines the history of feminist activism, women's movements, and academic women's studies in sites around the world. The current archive includes interviews with women's movement activists and women's studies scholars in China, India, Nicaragua, Poland, and the United States. We are currently working on adding interviews from Brazil and Russia. The Project is based in the Institute for Research on Women and Gender (IRWG) at UM, which is also the home for the U.S. site research team. Our international collaborators include: - Laboratorio de Historia Oral e Imagem - UFF (the Laboratory of Oral History and Images at the Federal Fluminense University in Rio de Janeiro) and Nucleo de Historia, Memoria e Documento - NUMEM (the Center for History, Memory, and Documentation at the Federal State University in Rio de Janeiro), BRAZIL - China Women's University in Beijing, CHINA - SPARROW, Sound and Picture Archives for Research on Women in Mumbai, INDIA - Movimiento Autonomo de Mujeres de Nicaragua (Autonomous Women's Movement), NICARAGUA - Fundacja Kobiet eFKa (Women's Foundation eFKa) in Krakow, POLANDBarbara Brookes is a New Zealand historian and academic who specialises in women's history and medical history. She completed a bachelor's degree with honours at the University of Otago in 1976, then won a scholarship to Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania, where she completed both her master's (1978) and doctoral (1982) degrees. Her PhD thesis topic was Abortion in England during the inter-war period (1918-1939), published as Abortion in England, 1900-1967 (Croom Helm, 1988; Routledge, 2012). After graduating from Bryn Mawr she returned to Aotearoa/New Zealand to complete post-doctoral studies at University of Otago and was offered a position in the university's Department of History in 1983 where she remained until her retirement in June 2020. In 1986, Brookes and her colleague, Dorothy Page introduced the first honours-level women's history course in New Zealand. In 2004, she became head of the Department of History and guided the amalgamation of the department with the art history department to form the Department of History and Art History. She has authored or edited thirteen books. Her A History of New Zealand Women (2016; Bridget Williams Books https://www.bwb.co.nz/books/a-history-of-new-zealand-women/), won the 2017 Ockham New Zealand Book Award (Illustrated Non-Fiction category). Her most recent book, co-edited with James Dunk, is Knowledge Making: Historians, Archives and Bureaucracy (Routledge, 2020). In 2022, Brookes was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Ap_rangi. As professor emerita, she continues to pursue her research concerning gender relations in New Zealand, and the history of health and disease in New Zealand and Britain.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstreams/0c779af7-4944-4532-95c2-e83f2b3ed2be/downloadhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstreams/5c8e0b87-3e55-4af8-967d-2a23943fdb55/downloadhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstreams/ea3c40c2-de6e-449b-9d06-195d77caa4e9/downloa
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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