1,720,962 research outputs found
A direct comparison of gaze-mediated orienting elicited by schematic and real human faces
No full textDuring social interactions, we tend to orient our visual attention towards the spatial location indicated by the gaze direction of others. However, modern societies are characterised by the increasing presence of facial stimuli of various natures, often schematic and pertaining to fictional entities, used in contexts such as advertisements or digital interfaces. In this study, we directly compared the impact of eye-gaze belonging to schematic and real faces on visual attention. These two types of stimuli were utilized in three experiments, where either manual (Experiment 1, N = 160; and Experiment 2, N = 160) or oculomotor (Experiment 3, N = 80) responses were recorded. In addition, schematic and real faces were presented either separately within two distinct blocks or intermixed within the same block of trials. The latter manipulation was aimed to test for eventual stronger differences between schematic and real faces in contexts that maximise the comparison processes between the two types of stimuli. In all experiments, a robust gaze-mediated orienting of attention effect emerged, and this was not significantly influenced by either the type of facial stimulus (i.e., schematic or real) or by the intermixed/ blocked presentation. Overall, these results suggest that the human social attention system may treat both types of stimuli similarly. This finding suggests that schematic faces can be effectively used in various applied contexts, such as digital interfaces and advertising, without compromising gaze-mediated attentional orienting
A methodology for assessing fuel cell performance under a wide range of operational conditions: Results for a molten carbonate single cell
No full textTesting the performance of fuel cells is an important key for verifying the technology improvements and for demonstrating their potential. However, due to the novelty of this technology, there is not a standardized procedure for testing fuel cell performance. In order to fully investigate a fuel cell performance, the behavior must be known in a wide range of operational conditions.. Furthermore, in order to compare results coming from different test teams, it should be defined a set of procedures and parameters to evaluate Single Cell performances. The research group of the Fuel Cell Laboratory of University of Perugia is performing performance test on single cells, focusing its attention on definition of test procedures to find effective parameters to be used for comparing tests made by different teams, also on different kind of cells. This work is about to demonstrate how the testing parameters developed by the team allow to perform an advanced control on test procedures, to understand test results in an easy way and also to compare them with tests executed in different operational conditions. Experimental results conducted on a single fuel cell are reported. The importance of fuel utilization factor and fuel humidification factor is stressed for their importance in the interpretation of the results
Oriented-Control Lumped Model of a SOFC Stack: Thermal and Electrochemical Response to External Perturbations
No full textSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are considered a promising technology to be adopted as future possible solution for decentralised combined heat and power (CHP) production due to their high electrical efficiency, the high temperature of generated heat and relative environmental advantages compared to traditional power generators. To operate a SOFC stack in an effective way, the control of some system operation parameters such as anode and cathode feeds, temperature or power output is mandatory. A deep knowledge of transient behaviour is a key requirement to get fuel cell plants ready for an industrial development. In this paper, a 1 kWe SOFC stack is modelled and a possible control strategy is proposed to provide rapid system response to perturbations. Fuel cell stack model has been designed for an eventual implementation of a control system and verified with experimental results from FCLab - University of Perugia. The model has been implemented using the commercial software package MATLAB/Simulink. As a result of an external perturbation of steady state conditions, the fuel cell stack control system has to regulate temperature, partial pressure and utilization of flows to avoid degradation of the stack performance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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