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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Immunotherapy in subacute proximal diabetic neuropathy
No full textProksimalna dijabetička neuropatija (PDN) se javlja kod osoba oboljelih od tipa 2 šećerne bolesti, poglavito u dobi iznad 50 godina. Rezultati patohistoloških studija ukazuju na to da su neuropatska oštećenja u PDN-u uzrokovana imunološkim poremećajima. Karakterističnu kliničku sliku subakutne PDN-a čine jaka bol natkoljenice, nagla slabost i hipotrofija natkoljeničnih mišića, slabljenje ili gubitak patelarnog refleksa i usporenje motorne brzine provodljivosti femoralnog živca. PDN se najčešće javlja unilateralno, obično superponirana na distalnu dijabetičku polineuropatiju. Temeljni cilj disertacije bio je procijeniti učinak imunomodulacijske i imunosupresijske terapije u liječenju subakutne PDN. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 21 bolesnika sa subakutnom PDN koji su randomizirani u 2 skupine: 9 bolesnika u S1 liječenih i.v. humanim imunoglobulinima (2,0 g/kgTT na V0, te po 0,8 g/kgTT na V1,V2,V3) i 12 bolesnika u S2 liječenih imunosupresijom (prednizon per os 1 mg/kgTT svako jutro 4 tjedna, 0,5 mg/kgTT 4 tjedna, 0,25mg/kgTT 4 tjedna, 10 mg/kgTT 12 tjedana + azatioprin per os 100 mg ujutro prvih 12 tjedana). Ispitivane skupine bolesnika bile su usporedive u odnosu na životnu dob, spol, trajanje šećerne bolesti, simptoma subakutne dijabetičke neuropatije i simptoma dijabetičke polineuropatije. Procjena terapijske učinkovitosti se temeljila na boli u području natkoljenice (VAS-NATK) i mišićnoj snazi natkoljenice (MMT) mjerenih na nultoj viziti (V0), nakon 4 tj (V1), 8 tj (V2), 12 tj (V3), 24 tj (V4) i 52 tj (V5) te motornoj brzini provodljivosti femoralnog živaca (FEM-CV) na V0, V3, V4 i V5. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike između terapijskih skupina, interakcija između terapijskih skupina i vizita za VAS-NATK, MMT i FEM-CV, dok je unutar pojedinih terapijskih skupina postojala statistički značajna razlika svih navedenih ciljnih varijabli po pojedinim vizitama. U obje skupine se VAS-NATK u V0 statistički značajno razlikuje od svih ostalih vizita (p<0,001), a V1 od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001). U prvoj skupini VAS-NATK u V1 se statistički značajno razlikuje od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001), te u V2 od V5 (p<0,001). U drugoj skupini VAS-NATK u V1 se statistički značajno razlikuje od svih kasnijih vizita (p<0,001). Smanjenje boli u području natkoljenice je najraniji znak oporavka subakutne PDN-e. Regresija neuropatske boli natkoljenice bila je najizrazitija tijekom prvog mjeseca imunoterapije (prosječno 46 % na V1), s daljnom tendencijom smanjenja (prosječno 68% na V2, 82 % na V3, 87% na V4, 92% na V5). U obje skupine MMT se u V0 statistički razlikovao od svih ostalih vizita (p<0,001), a V1 od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001). Oporavak snage pelvifemorale muskulature značajan je već u prvom mjesecu imunoterapije (prosječno 23% na V1) s tendencijom daljnjeg poboljšanja (prosječno 31% na V2, 42% na V3 i 48 % na V4, sve u odnosu na V0). U obje skupine statistički značajno poboljšanje FEM-CV se bilježi u V4 i V5 u odnosu na V0 (p<0,001), te u V5 u odnosu na V3 (p<0,001). Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju jednaku učinkovitost imunomodulacijske i imunosupresivne terapije u liječenju subakutne proksimalne dijabetičke neuropatije.Proximal diabetic neuropathy (PDN) affects patients with type 2 diabetes, predominantly those older than 50 yrs. Results of pathohistologic studies have shown that immune mechanisms cause neuropathic lesions in PDN. PDN typically presents with intense pain in the upper legs, sudden weakness and upper leg muscle hypotrophy, weakness or loss of patellar reflex and a reduction in femoral nerve motor conduction velocity. PDN is most often unilateral, usually superimposed to distal diabetic polyneuropathy. The basic aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of immunomodulation and immunosuppression therapy in the treatment of subacujte PDN. The study included 21 patient with subacujte PDN randomised into 2 groups: 9 patients in Group 1 (S1) treated with i.v. human immunoglobulin (2.0 g/kgBW at V0, and 0.8 g/kgBW at V1,V2,V3) and 12 patients in Group 2 (S2) treated by immunosuppression (prednisone per os 1 mg/kgBW every morning for 4 weeks, 0.5 mg/kgBW / 4 weeks, 25mg/kgBW / 4 weeks, 10 mg/kgBW / 12 weeks + azathioprine per os 100 mg in the morning for the first 12 weeks). The studied groups were comparable in age, sex, and the duration of diabetes, subacute diabetic neuropathy and diabetic polyneuropathy. The assessment of therapeutic effectiveness was based on: upper leg pain (VAS-NATK) and muscle strength (MMT) measured at visit 0 (V0), and after 4 weeks (V1), 8 wk (V2), 12 wk (V3), 24 wk (V4) and 52 wk (V5), as well as on femoral nerve motor conduction velocity (FEM-CV) at V0, V3, V4 and V5. No statistically significant differences in VAS-NATK, MMT and FEM-CV were observed between the groups, interactions between the groups, nor visits, whereas all above target variables revealed statistically significant difference within the groups at individual visits. Both groups showed statistically significant diference in VAS-NATK at V0 as compared to all other visits (p<0.001), and at V1 in comparison with V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001). In S1, VAS-NATK at V1 statistically significantly differred from that at V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001), and V2 from V5 (p<0.001). In S2, VAS-NATK at V1 statistically significantly differed from all subsequent visits (p<0.001). Reduction in the upper leg pain was observed to be the earliest sign of recovery from subacute PDN. Regression of upper leg neuropathic pain was most marked during the first month of immunotherapy (mean 46% at V1), with a tendency of further reduction (mean 68% at V2, 82% at V3, 87% at V4, 92% at V5). In both groups, MMT at V0 was statistically different from all other visits (p<0l.001), and V1 was different from V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001). Pelvifemoral muscle strength improved significantly already in the first month of immunotherapy (mean 23% at V1) with a tendency of further improvement (mean 31% at V2, 42% at V3 and 48 % at V4, all compared to V0). All groups showed a statistically siginificant improvement in FEM-CV at V4 and V5 in comparison with V0 (p<0.001), and at V5 compared to V3 (p<0.001). The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of immunomodulation and immunosuppression therapy in the treatment of subacute proximal diabetic neuropathy
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Immunotherapy in subacute proximal diabetic neuropathy
No full textProksimalna dijabetička neuropatija (PDN) se javlja kod osoba oboljelih od tipa 2 šećerne bolesti, poglavito u dobi iznad 50 godina. Rezultati patohistoloških studija ukazuju na to da su neuropatska oštećenja u PDN-u uzrokovana imunološkim poremećajima. Karakterističnu kliničku sliku subakutne PDN-a čine jaka bol natkoljenice, nagla slabost i hipotrofija natkoljeničnih mišića, slabljenje ili gubitak patelarnog refleksa i usporenje motorne brzine provodljivosti femoralnog živca. PDN se najčešće javlja unilateralno, obično superponirana na distalnu dijabetičku polineuropatiju. Temeljni cilj disertacije bio je procijeniti učinak imunomodulacijske i imunosupresijske terapije u liječenju subakutne PDN. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 21 bolesnika sa subakutnom PDN koji su randomizirani u 2 skupine: 9 bolesnika u S1 liječenih i.v. humanim imunoglobulinima (2,0 g/kgTT na V0, te po 0,8 g/kgTT na V1,V2,V3) i 12 bolesnika u S2 liječenih imunosupresijom (prednizon per os 1 mg/kgTT svako jutro 4 tjedna, 0,5 mg/kgTT 4 tjedna, 0,25mg/kgTT 4 tjedna, 10 mg/kgTT 12 tjedana + azatioprin per os 100 mg ujutro prvih 12 tjedana). Ispitivane skupine bolesnika bile su usporedive u odnosu na životnu dob, spol, trajanje šećerne bolesti, simptoma subakutne dijabetičke neuropatije i simptoma dijabetičke polineuropatije. Procjena terapijske učinkovitosti se temeljila na boli u području natkoljenice (VAS-NATK) i mišićnoj snazi natkoljenice (MMT) mjerenih na nultoj viziti (V0), nakon 4 tj (V1), 8 tj (V2), 12 tj (V3), 24 tj (V4) i 52 tj (V5) te motornoj brzini provodljivosti femoralnog živaca (FEM-CV) na V0, V3, V4 i V5. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike između terapijskih skupina, interakcija između terapijskih skupina i vizita za VAS-NATK, MMT i FEM-CV, dok je unutar pojedinih terapijskih skupina postojala statistički značajna razlika svih navedenih ciljnih varijabli po pojedinim vizitama. U obje skupine se VAS-NATK u V0 statistički značajno razlikuje od svih ostalih vizita (p<0,001), a V1 od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001). U prvoj skupini VAS-NATK u V1 se statistički značajno razlikuje od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001), te u V2 od V5 (p<0,001). U drugoj skupini VAS-NATK u V1 se statistički značajno razlikuje od svih kasnijih vizita (p<0,001). Smanjenje boli u području natkoljenice je najraniji znak oporavka subakutne PDN-e. Regresija neuropatske boli natkoljenice bila je najizrazitija tijekom prvog mjeseca imunoterapije (prosječno 46 % na V1), s daljnom tendencijom smanjenja (prosječno 68% na V2, 82 % na V3, 87% na V4, 92% na V5). U obje skupine MMT se u V0 statistički razlikovao od svih ostalih vizita (p<0,001), a V1 od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001). Oporavak snage pelvifemorale muskulature značajan je već u prvom mjesecu imunoterapije (prosječno 23% na V1) s tendencijom daljnjeg poboljšanja (prosječno 31% na V2, 42% na V3 i 48 % na V4, sve u odnosu na V0). U obje skupine statistički značajno poboljšanje FEM-CV se bilježi u V4 i V5 u odnosu na V0 (p<0,001), te u V5 u odnosu na V3 (p<0,001). Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju jednaku učinkovitost imunomodulacijske i imunosupresivne terapije u liječenju subakutne proksimalne dijabetičke neuropatije.Proximal diabetic neuropathy (PDN) affects patients with type 2 diabetes, predominantly those older than 50 yrs. Results of pathohistologic studies have shown that immune mechanisms cause neuropathic lesions in PDN. PDN typically presents with intense pain in the upper legs, sudden weakness and upper leg muscle hypotrophy, weakness or loss of patellar reflex and a reduction in femoral nerve motor conduction velocity. PDN is most often unilateral, usually superimposed to distal diabetic polyneuropathy. The basic aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of immunomodulation and immunosuppression therapy in the treatment of subacujte PDN. The study included 21 patient with subacujte PDN randomised into 2 groups: 9 patients in Group 1 (S1) treated with i.v. human immunoglobulin (2.0 g/kgBW at V0, and 0.8 g/kgBW at V1,V2,V3) and 12 patients in Group 2 (S2) treated by immunosuppression (prednisone per os 1 mg/kgBW every morning for 4 weeks, 0.5 mg/kgBW / 4 weeks, 25mg/kgBW / 4 weeks, 10 mg/kgBW / 12 weeks + azathioprine per os 100 mg in the morning for the first 12 weeks). The studied groups were comparable in age, sex, and the duration of diabetes, subacute diabetic neuropathy and diabetic polyneuropathy. The assessment of therapeutic effectiveness was based on: upper leg pain (VAS-NATK) and muscle strength (MMT) measured at visit 0 (V0), and after 4 weeks (V1), 8 wk (V2), 12 wk (V3), 24 wk (V4) and 52 wk (V5), as well as on femoral nerve motor conduction velocity (FEM-CV) at V0, V3, V4 and V5. No statistically significant differences in VAS-NATK, MMT and FEM-CV were observed between the groups, interactions between the groups, nor visits, whereas all above target variables revealed statistically significant difference within the groups at individual visits. Both groups showed statistically significant diference in VAS-NATK at V0 as compared to all other visits (p<0.001), and at V1 in comparison with V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001). In S1, VAS-NATK at V1 statistically significantly differred from that at V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001), and V2 from V5 (p<0.001). In S2, VAS-NATK at V1 statistically significantly differed from all subsequent visits (p<0.001). Reduction in the upper leg pain was observed to be the earliest sign of recovery from subacute PDN. Regression of upper leg neuropathic pain was most marked during the first month of immunotherapy (mean 46% at V1), with a tendency of further reduction (mean 68% at V2, 82% at V3, 87% at V4, 92% at V5). In both groups, MMT at V0 was statistically different from all other visits (p<0l.001), and V1 was different from V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001). Pelvifemoral muscle strength improved significantly already in the first month of immunotherapy (mean 23% at V1) with a tendency of further improvement (mean 31% at V2, 42% at V3 and 48 % at V4, all compared to V0). All groups showed a statistically siginificant improvement in FEM-CV at V4 and V5 in comparison with V0 (p<0.001), and at V5 compared to V3 (p<0.001). The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of immunomodulation and immunosuppression therapy in the treatment of subacute proximal diabetic neuropathy
Imunoterapija u subakutnoj proksimalnoj dijabetičkoj neuropatiji [Immunotherapy in subacute proximal diabetic neuropathy]
No full textProximal diabetic neuropathy (PDN) affects patients with type 2 diabetes, predominantly those older than 50 yrs. Results of pathohistologic studies have shown that immune mechanisms cause neuropathic lesions in PDN. PDN typically presents with intense pain in the upper legs, sudden weakness and upper leg muscle hypotrophy, weakness or loss of patellar reflex and a reduction in femoral nerve motor conduction velocity. PDN is most often unilateral, usually superimposed to distal diabetic polyneuropathy. The basic aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of immunomodulation and immunosuppression therapy in the treatment of subacujte PDN. The study included 21 patient with subacujte PDN randomised into 2 groups: 9 patients in Group 1 (S1) treated with i.v. human immunoglobulin (2.0 g/kgBW at V0, and 0.8 g/kgBW at V1,V2,V3) and 12 patients in Group 2 (S2) treated by immunosuppression (prednisone per os 1 mg/kgBW every morning for 4 weeks, 0.5 mg/kgBW / 4 weeks, 25mg/kgBW / 4 weeks, 10 mg/kgBW / 12 weeks + azathioprine per os 100 mg in the morning for the first 12 weeks). The studied groups were comparable in age, sex, and the duration of diabetes, subacute diabetic neuropathy and diabetic polyneuropathy. The assessment of therapeutic effectiveness was based on: upper leg pain (VAS-NATK) and muscle strength (MMT) measured at visit 0 (V0), and after 4 weeks (V1), 8 wk (V2), 12 wk (V3), 24 wk (V4) and 52 wk (V5), as well as on femoral nerve motor conduction velocity (FEM-CV) at V0, V3, V4 and V5. No statistically significant differences in VAS-NATK, MMT and FEM-CV were observed between the groups, interactions between the groups, nor visits, whereas all above target variables revealed statistically significant difference within the groups at individual visits. Both groups showed statistically significant diference in VAS-NATK at V0 as compared to all other visits (p<0.001), and at V1 in comparison with V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001). In S1, VAS-NATK at V1 statistically significantly differred from that at V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001), and V2 from V5 (p<0.001). In S2, VAS-NATK at V1 statistically significantly differed from all subsequent visits (p<0.001). Reduction in the upper leg pain was observed to be the earliest sign of recovery from subacute PDN. Regression of upper leg neuropathic pain was most marked during the first month of immunotherapy (mean 46% at V1), with a tendency of further reduction (mean 68% at V2, 82% at V3, 87% at V4, 92% at V5). In both groups, MMT at V0 was statistically different from all other visits (p<0l.001), and V1 was different from V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001). Pelvifemoral muscle strength improved significantly already in the first month of immunotherapy (mean 23% at V1) with a tendency of further improvement (mean 31% at V2, 42% at V3 and 48 % at V4, all compared to V0). All groups showed a statistically siginificant improvement in FEM-CV at V4 and V5 in comparison with V0 (p<0.001), and at V5 compared to V3 (p<0.001). The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of immunomodulation and immunosuppression therapy in the treatment of subacute proximal diabetic neuropathy
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Immunotherapy in subacute proximal diabetic neuropathy
No full textProksimalna dijabetička neuropatija (PDN) se javlja kod osoba oboljelih od tipa 2 šećerne bolesti, poglavito u dobi iznad 50 godina. Rezultati patohistoloških studija ukazuju na to da su neuropatska oštećenja u PDN-u uzrokovana imunološkim poremećajima. Karakterističnu kliničku sliku subakutne PDN-a čine jaka bol natkoljenice, nagla slabost i hipotrofija natkoljeničnih mišića, slabljenje ili gubitak patelarnog refleksa i usporenje motorne brzine provodljivosti femoralnog živca. PDN se najčešće javlja unilateralno, obično superponirana na distalnu dijabetičku polineuropatiju. Temeljni cilj disertacije bio je procijeniti učinak imunomodulacijske i imunosupresijske terapije u liječenju subakutne PDN. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 21 bolesnika sa subakutnom PDN koji su randomizirani u 2 skupine: 9 bolesnika u S1 liječenih i.v. humanim imunoglobulinima (2,0 g/kgTT na V0, te po 0,8 g/kgTT na V1,V2,V3) i 12 bolesnika u S2 liječenih imunosupresijom (prednizon per os 1 mg/kgTT svako jutro 4 tjedna, 0,5 mg/kgTT 4 tjedna, 0,25mg/kgTT 4 tjedna, 10 mg/kgTT 12 tjedana + azatioprin per os 100 mg ujutro prvih 12 tjedana). Ispitivane skupine bolesnika bile su usporedive u odnosu na životnu dob, spol, trajanje šećerne bolesti, simptoma subakutne dijabetičke neuropatije i simptoma dijabetičke polineuropatije. Procjena terapijske učinkovitosti se temeljila na boli u području natkoljenice (VAS-NATK) i mišićnoj snazi natkoljenice (MMT) mjerenih na nultoj viziti (V0), nakon 4 tj (V1), 8 tj (V2), 12 tj (V3), 24 tj (V4) i 52 tj (V5) te motornoj brzini provodljivosti femoralnog živaca (FEM-CV) na V0, V3, V4 i V5. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike između terapijskih skupina, interakcija između terapijskih skupina i vizita za VAS-NATK, MMT i FEM-CV, dok je unutar pojedinih terapijskih skupina postojala statistički značajna razlika svih navedenih ciljnih varijabli po pojedinim vizitama. U obje skupine se VAS-NATK u V0 statistički značajno razlikuje od svih ostalih vizita (p<0,001), a V1 od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001). U prvoj skupini VAS-NATK u V1 se statistički značajno razlikuje od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001), te u V2 od V5 (p<0,001). U drugoj skupini VAS-NATK u V1 se statistički značajno razlikuje od svih kasnijih vizita (p<0,001). Smanjenje boli u području natkoljenice je najraniji znak oporavka subakutne PDN-e. Regresija neuropatske boli natkoljenice bila je najizrazitija tijekom prvog mjeseca imunoterapije (prosječno 46 % na V1), s daljnom tendencijom smanjenja (prosječno 68% na V2, 82 % na V3, 87% na V4, 92% na V5). U obje skupine MMT se u V0 statistički razlikovao od svih ostalih vizita (p<0,001), a V1 od V3, V4 i V5 (p<0,001). Oporavak snage pelvifemorale muskulature značajan je već u prvom mjesecu imunoterapije (prosječno 23% na V1) s tendencijom daljnjeg poboljšanja (prosječno 31% na V2, 42% na V3 i 48 % na V4, sve u odnosu na V0). U obje skupine statistički značajno poboljšanje FEM-CV se bilježi u V4 i V5 u odnosu na V0 (p<0,001), te u V5 u odnosu na V3 (p<0,001). Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju jednaku učinkovitost imunomodulacijske i imunosupresivne terapije u liječenju subakutne proksimalne dijabetičke neuropatije.Proximal diabetic neuropathy (PDN) affects patients with type 2 diabetes, predominantly those older than 50 yrs. Results of pathohistologic studies have shown that immune mechanisms cause neuropathic lesions in PDN. PDN typically presents with intense pain in the upper legs, sudden weakness and upper leg muscle hypotrophy, weakness or loss of patellar reflex and a reduction in femoral nerve motor conduction velocity. PDN is most often unilateral, usually superimposed to distal diabetic polyneuropathy. The basic aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of immunomodulation and immunosuppression therapy in the treatment of subacujte PDN. The study included 21 patient with subacujte PDN randomised into 2 groups: 9 patients in Group 1 (S1) treated with i.v. human immunoglobulin (2.0 g/kgBW at V0, and 0.8 g/kgBW at V1,V2,V3) and 12 patients in Group 2 (S2) treated by immunosuppression (prednisone per os 1 mg/kgBW every morning for 4 weeks, 0.5 mg/kgBW / 4 weeks, 25mg/kgBW / 4 weeks, 10 mg/kgBW / 12 weeks + azathioprine per os 100 mg in the morning for the first 12 weeks). The studied groups were comparable in age, sex, and the duration of diabetes, subacute diabetic neuropathy and diabetic polyneuropathy. The assessment of therapeutic effectiveness was based on: upper leg pain (VAS-NATK) and muscle strength (MMT) measured at visit 0 (V0), and after 4 weeks (V1), 8 wk (V2), 12 wk (V3), 24 wk (V4) and 52 wk (V5), as well as on femoral nerve motor conduction velocity (FEM-CV) at V0, V3, V4 and V5. No statistically significant differences in VAS-NATK, MMT and FEM-CV were observed between the groups, interactions between the groups, nor visits, whereas all above target variables revealed statistically significant difference within the groups at individual visits. Both groups showed statistically significant diference in VAS-NATK at V0 as compared to all other visits (p<0.001), and at V1 in comparison with V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001). In S1, VAS-NATK at V1 statistically significantly differred from that at V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001), and V2 from V5 (p<0.001). In S2, VAS-NATK at V1 statistically significantly differed from all subsequent visits (p<0.001). Reduction in the upper leg pain was observed to be the earliest sign of recovery from subacute PDN. Regression of upper leg neuropathic pain was most marked during the first month of immunotherapy (mean 46% at V1), with a tendency of further reduction (mean 68% at V2, 82% at V3, 87% at V4, 92% at V5). In both groups, MMT at V0 was statistically different from all other visits (p<0l.001), and V1 was different from V3, V4 and V5 (p<0.001). Pelvifemoral muscle strength improved significantly already in the first month of immunotherapy (mean 23% at V1) with a tendency of further improvement (mean 31% at V2, 42% at V3 and 48 % at V4, all compared to V0). All groups showed a statistically siginificant improvement in FEM-CV at V4 and V5 in comparison with V0 (p<0.001), and at V5 compared to V3 (p<0.001). The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of immunomodulation and immunosuppression therapy in the treatment of subacute proximal diabetic neuropathy
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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