1,721,040 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
PRUNE1: a disease-causing gene for secondary microcephaly
Get PDFIn their Letter to the Editor, Karakaya et al. (2017) present
an interesting case report describing the clinical course
involving secondary microcephaly of a 3-year-old Turkish
boy found to be homozygous for a frameshift mutation in
PRUNE1 identified through whole exome sequencing. The
child presented with congenital hypotonia, contractures and
global developmental delay with respiratory insufficiency
and seizures developing in the first year of life. The authors
note that the affected child’s head circumference plotted on
the 75th centile at birth, and that by 38 months of age he
had developed microcephaly. Neuroimaging at 14 months
revealed cerebral and cerebellar atrophy consistent with
other patients described with Prune syndrome (Karaca
et al., 2015; Costain et al., 2017; Zollo et al., 2017).
Although the child had abnormal neurology from birth,
there was a period of early developmental regression.
Peripheral spasticity in the lower extremities and optic atrophy
were not documented until 38 months. In addition to
the PRUNE1 variant, Karakaya et al. also identified a
second homozygous variant in the CCDC14 gene in the
Turkish child’s whole exome sequencing data that, while
listed to have an allele count of 108 in the current Genome
Aggregation Database (gnomAD) release, is notably absent
in homozygous fashion (Lek et al., 2016). CCDC14 is
known to be expressed in human brain, reported to negatively
regulate centriole duplication and interact with proteins
previously associated with primary microcephaly
(Firat-Karalar et al., 2014). Thus, while it seems likely
that the homozygous PRUNE1 variant is primarily responsible
for the clinical presentation in the Turkish child, it is
impossible to determine whether there may be any phenotypical
contribution from this additional homozygous
sequence variant.
Recently, Costain et al. (2017) described a homozygous
consensus splice site variant in PRUNE1 (c.521-2A4G;
NM_021222.1) in a 2-year-old Oji-Cre male who presented
with congenital hypotonia and talipes, whose head circumference
was large at birth ( +3 standard deviations), but by
2 years and 2 months plotted on the 50th centile, with a
weight and height on the 95th and 75th centiles, respectively.
However, it should be noted that the child’s father
is macrocephalic ( +4 standard deviations), the published
clinical photographs at 2 years 5 months of age illustrate
bitemporal narrowing, a sloping forehead and large ears,
consistent with a developing microcephaly, and neuroimaging revealed cortical and cerebellar atrophy. He
developed respiratory insufficiency shortly after birth, and
infantile spasms in the first year of life (Costain et al., 2017).
It remains to be determined how the phenotypical outcomes
stemming from proposed loss-of-function mutations
defined by Karakaya et al. and Costain et al., relate to
missense mutations published by Karaca et al. and also
Zollo et al., which are likely to involve at least partial
gain-of-function outcomes in PRUNE1 activity. However,
as more cases are investigated and published, the phenotype
associated with autosomal recessive Prune neurodevelopmental
disorder, and the functional outcomes of
PRUNE1 mutation, are becoming clearer. It is now apparent
that while some patients have a small head at birth and
others a head circumference in the normal range, the key
component of the microcephaly is that it is progressive, and
associated with characteristic neuroimaging findings with a
thin or hypoplastic corpus callosum and cortical and cerebellar
atrophy developing in early childhood. Although all
patients with Prune syndrome described to date are neurologically
impaired from birth, there also appears to be a
neurodegenerative component with progression of the disorder.
In our manuscript, we described clinical overlap of
Prune syndrome with the neurodegenerative condition associated
with homozygous mutations in TBCD (Zollo et al.,
2017). TBCD encodes one of the five tubulin-specific chaperones
that are required for a/b-tubulin de novo heterodimer
formation and the disorder is characterized by
developmental regression, seizures, optic atrophy and secondary
microcephaly, cortical atrophy with delayed myelination,
cerebellar atrophy and thinned corpus callosum
(Edvardson et al., 2016; Flex et al., 2016; Miyake et al.,
2016; Pode-Shakked et al., 2017). The neurodegenerative
phenotype documented in the Turkish child by Karakaya
et al. further demonstrates the similarities with the TBCD
disorder and Prune syndrome, and confirms optic atrophy
to be a feature of Prune syndrome. Interestingly, it is also
becoming clear that respiratory insufficiency is a common
feature of Prune syndrome, having been documented by
Karakaya et al. and in the Oji-Cre child, as well as the
youngest affected Omani child described in our manuscript
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
