1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Une exposition subchronique à une dose sublétale d'Imidaclopride peut-elle entrainer une modification des récepteurs nicotiniques chez la blatte Periplaneta americana ?
No full textAlthough the use of insecticides against pests has allowed to achieve huge progress in agriculture yields, their widespread use has also led to resistance emergence resulting in a decrease in the insecticide efficiency. While resistance mechanisms are well-known, few studies are available on the effect of insect exposure to a sublethal dose of insecticide. The aim of this study is therefore to characterize the cellular and molecular changes induced by an exposure of the cockroaches P. americana to a sublethal dose of imidacloprid which belongs to the neonicotinoïd insecticide class. We first showed that cockroaches exposed to a sublethal dose of imidacloprid during 30 days became less sensitive to this insecticide and this loss of sensitivity was maintained overtime. Using biochemical and molecular analysis, we demonstrated that the main actors in this phenomenon are the acetylcholine nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). In order to develop new strategies against pests, we reversed the loss of sensitivity observed in acclimated cockroaches using interference RNA targeting nAChR subunit. Finally, since nAChRs play an essential role in the aclimation of the cockroaches to imidacloprid and the nAChR activity is regulated by many proteins, we realized high throughput sequencing of transcriptome (RNAseq) from the last abdominal ganglion of the cockroach in order to determine all genes differentially expressed after imidacloprid treatement and 30 days later. This PhD work contributes to the development of our knowledge on the effects of sublethal doses of insecticides on insects but also on adaptation mechanisms. These last points could be taken into account in order to improve pest management.Bien que l’utilisation des insecticides contre les insectes ravageurs de culture ait permis d’accomplir des progrès en matière de rendements agricoles, leur utilisation a également entrainé l’apparition d’insectes résistants. Alors que les mécanismes de résistance sont bien connus, peu de données sont disponibles sur l’effet d’une exposition des insectes à une dose sublétale d’insecticide. L’objectif de cette étude est donc de caractériser les modifications cellulaires et moléculaires développées chez la blatte P. americana exposée à une dose sublétale d’un insecticide : l’Imidaclopride. Nous avons montré qu’après une exposition pendant 30 jours à une dose sublétale d’Imidaclopride, les blattes devenaient moins sensibles à cet insecticide et que cette modification de la sensibilité des blattes était maintenue 30 jours après l’arrêt du traitement à l’Imidaclopride. Grâce à des analyses biochimiques et moléculaires, nous avons démontré que les principaux acteurs dans ce phénomène sont les récepteurs nicotiniques (nAChRs) qui sont les cibles moléculaires de l’Imidaclopride. De plus, dans le but de développer de nouvelles stratégies de lutte contre les insectes nuisibles, nous avons rendu de nouveau sensibles à l’Imidaclopride les blattes accommodées aux traitements en ciblant les nAChRs par l’interférence ARN. Étant donné que ces récepteurs jouent un rôle primordial dans l’accommodation des blattes à l’Imidaclopride et que l’expression et l’activité de ces récepteurs peuvent être régulées par de nombreuses protéines, nous avons entrepris un séquençage à haut-débit du transcriptome (RNA-seq) issu du dernier ganglion abdominal de la blatte afin de déterminer l’ensemble des gènes différentiellement exprimés après traitement des blattes à l’Imidaclopride ainsi que 30 jours après l’arrêt de ce traitement. L’ensemble de ces travaux de thèse contribue au développement de nos connaissances sur les effets des doses sublétales sur les insectes et sur les mécanismes d’accommodation afin de pouvoir les prendre en considération dans les stratégies de lutte contre les insectes nuisibles
Une exposition subchronique à une dose sublétale d'Imidaclopride peut-elle entrainer une modification des récepteurs nicotiniques chez la blatte Periplaneta americana ?
No full textAlthough the use of insecticides against pests has allowed to achieve huge progress in agriculture yields, their widespread use has also led to resistance emergence resulting in a decrease in the insecticide efficiency. While resistance mechanisms are well-known, few studies are available on the effect of insect exposure to a sublethal dose of insecticide. The aim of this study is therefore to characterize the cellular and molecular changes induced by an exposure of the cockroaches P. americana to a sublethal dose of imidacloprid which belongs to the neonicotinoïd insecticide class. We first showed that cockroaches exposed to a sublethal dose of imidacloprid during 30 days became less sensitive to this insecticide and this loss of sensitivity was maintained overtime. Using biochemical and molecular analysis, we demonstrated that the main actors in this phenomenon are the acetylcholine nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). In order to develop new strategies against pests, we reversed the loss of sensitivity observed in acclimated cockroaches using interference RNA targeting nAChR subunit. Finally, since nAChRs play an essential role in the aclimation of the cockroaches to imidacloprid and the nAChR activity is regulated by many proteins, we realized high throughput sequencing of transcriptome (RNAseq) from the last abdominal ganglion of the cockroach in order to determine all genes differentially expressed after imidacloprid treatement and 30 days later. This PhD work contributes to the development of our knowledge on the effects of sublethal doses of insecticides on insects but also on adaptation mechanisms. These last points could be taken into account in order to improve pest management.Bien que l’utilisation des insecticides contre les insectes ravageurs de culture ait permis d’accomplir des progrès en matière de rendements agricoles, leur utilisation a également entrainé l’apparition d’insectes résistants. Alors que les mécanismes de résistance sont bien connus, peu de données sont disponibles sur l’effet d’une exposition des insectes à une dose sublétale d’insecticide. L’objectif de cette étude est donc de caractériser les modifications cellulaires et moléculaires développées chez la blatte P. americana exposée à une dose sublétale d’un insecticide : l’Imidaclopride. Nous avons montré qu’après une exposition pendant 30 jours à une dose sublétale d’Imidaclopride, les blattes devenaient moins sensibles à cet insecticide et que cette modification de la sensibilité des blattes était maintenue 30 jours après l’arrêt du traitement à l’Imidaclopride. Grâce à des analyses biochimiques et moléculaires, nous avons démontré que les principaux acteurs dans ce phénomène sont les récepteurs nicotiniques (nAChRs) qui sont les cibles moléculaires de l’Imidaclopride. De plus, dans le but de développer de nouvelles stratégies de lutte contre les insectes nuisibles, nous avons rendu de nouveau sensibles à l’Imidaclopride les blattes accommodées aux traitements en ciblant les nAChRs par l’interférence ARN. Étant donné que ces récepteurs jouent un rôle primordial dans l’accommodation des blattes à l’Imidaclopride et que l’expression et l’activité de ces récepteurs peuvent être régulées par de nombreuses protéines, nous avons entrepris un séquençage à haut-débit du transcriptome (RNA-seq) issu du dernier ganglion abdominal de la blatte afin de déterminer l’ensemble des gènes différentiellement exprimés après traitement des blattes à l’Imidaclopride ainsi que 30 jours après l’arrêt de ce traitement. L’ensemble de ces travaux de thèse contribue au développement de nos connaissances sur les effets des doses sublétales sur les insectes et sur les mécanismes d’accommodation afin de pouvoir les prendre en considération dans les stratégies de lutte contre les insectes nuisibles
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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