1,721,069 research outputs found
The molluscan species (Gastropoda; Bivalvia) described by Albert Mousson (1805–1890) and his collection in Zurich
No full textThe Swiss Albert Mousson (1805–1890) was not only an eminent
professor in Experimental Physics, but also a famous
naturalist, with a focus on land– and freshwater molluscs. He
published a series of papers on molluscs between 1847–1888.
The geographical scope was world–wide, with special attention
given to Java (1849–1850), the Caucasus/Middle East
(1859–1876), the tropical Pacific Islands (1865–1873), and the
Canary Islands (1872). He was one of the first investigators on
the malacofauna of these regions, and because of these pioneering
efforts he was able to describe a significant number
of new taxa, which today are affiliated to 82 families. He was
far ahead of his time in terms of speciation concepts and geographic
documentation. Almost all his material was obtained
from the collecting efforts of others. Happily, the collection
of Mousson largely remained intact over time, and is in the
possession of the Zoological Museum of the University of
Zurich. We present a complete list of the malacological papers
of Mousson, give brief biographic notes on the people who
provided him with material, list the genus group names introduced
by Mousson, and provide a list of eponyms dedicated
to Mousson. The main part of the paper concerns a catalogue
containing all species-group taxa described by Mousson. All
taxa are provided with the primary reference, the type locality,
the type specimens, and the latest information on their taxonomic
position. Of the 700 new species-group names introduced
by Mousson, type specimens of 624 could be found
back in his collection in Zurich or that of the collection of the
Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. They are presented
in 69 colour plates with almost 1.500 photos often showing
several shell details
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Notes on Enidae, 9. Conchological revision of the eastern Mediterranean genus Pene Pallary, 1929, with description of a new species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)
No full textDescriptions, distribution maps and figures are given for all taxa of the genus Pene Pallary, 1929. The distribution area of the genus ranges from the southern part of Turkey (provinces Mersin to Diyarbakir) in the north to the West-Bank in the south; most of the species are restricted in their distribution to the mountainous coastal area. In total 9 species are recognized: Pene syriaca (L. Pfeiffer, 1846), Pene louisi (Germain, 1911), Pene kotschyi (L. Pfeiffer, 1854), Pene naegelei (O. Boettger, 1898), Pene ponteripa spec. nov., Pene brunnea (P. Hesse, 1914), Pene bulimoides (L. Pfeiffer, 1842), Pene galilaea Heller, 1972, and Pene provecta (Westerlund, 1897). Full synonymy is given, based on the study of most of the original types. None of the species live sympatrically. The distribution maps show that especially the mountainous area of western Syria is still largely unexplored with respect to its malacofauna
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Microspheres for Local Drug Delivery
Full text linkAbout 40.000 people in The Netherlands suffer from kidney disease. When kidney function stops completely, dialysis and a kidney transplant are the only available treatment options. Because of a shortage in donor organs many patients have to depend on dialysis. However, dialysis has severe complications and remains a health threat. Within this project we have worked on a new patient friendly and affordable therapy for the treatment of kidney diseases. The therapy focusses on treating the disease in an early stage, thereby preventing the development towards chronic kidney failure. During this project we created microspheres of different polymers. With an in vitro cytotoxicity assay we could pre-select candidate microspheres which were not harmful to certain cell types. This way we reduced the number of experimental animals that is normally needed. Then we injected microspheres with different chemistry and physical characteristics on the back of a rat, and found that the diameter of the microsphere has an influence on the foreign body response. The effectiveness of microspheres with an optimal size of 30 µm was shown in two kidney disease models. We have shown that microspheres are a promising tool to deliver drugs locally and controllable in time. This local, controllable delivery of drugs leads to increased therapeutic effects combined with fewer side effects
Attenuating fibrosis: Modulation of myofibroblast formation and extracellular matrix synthesis
Full text linkFibrose behelst het verlittekenen van weefsels en organen. Daardoor kunnen vitale functies uitvallen, met de dood tot gevolg. Fibrose is in veel gevallen dan ook een zeer ernstige aandoening. Toch bestaat er geen enkel effectief medicijn tegen. Hét kenmerk van fibrose is de excessieve productie van collageen door myofibroblasten. Deze myofibroblasten onstaan over het algemeen uit fibroblasten, doordat laatstgenoemde cellen worden blootgesteld aan bepaalde activatoren, zoals TGFβ. In celkweken kunnen deze omstandigheden in het laboratorium nagebootst worden. Hoewel we veel weten hoe fibroblasten worden omgezet naar myofibroblasten, zijn er grote vraagtekens of het mogelijk is om myofibroblasten weer terug te brengen naar hun normale voorlopercel. Als dit laatste inderdaad mogelijk is, dan zou dat een veelbelovende benadering kunnen zijn om fibrose te behandelen, zelfs als het in een vergevorderd stadium is (en er dus veel myofibroblasten zijn). Wij hebben een tweetal laagmoleculaire stoffen (CAPE en ACHP) en een cytokine (IL1β) getest op hun vermogen om de vorming van myofibroblasten tegen te gaan, dan wel reeds gevormde myofibroblasten weer om te vormen tot fibroblasten. Hetzelfde werd gedaan met een mix van producten die door foetale dan wel volwassen stamcellen worden uitgescheiden De meeste genoemde componenten bleken in staat om de vorming van myofibroblasten op zijn minst aanzienlijk, en soms zelfs geheel, te remmen, en verrassend genoeg vaak ook reeds bestaande myofibroblasten weer naar normale fibroblasten om te zetten. Foetale stamcellen bleken veel sterkere anti-fibrotische eigenschappen te hebben dan stamcellen uit vetweefsel. Verder onderzoek moet uitwijzen of er mogelijkheden zijn tot behandeling
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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