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Banerjee, Supurna: Activism and Agency in India. Nurturing. Resistance in the Tea Plantations
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Nurturing resistance : agency and activism of women tea plantation workers in a gendered space
Get PDFThis thesis offers an analysis of labour relations and social space in the
tea gardens of north-east India. Existing literature provides us with an
understanding of how the plantations operate as economic spaces, but in
so doing they treat workers as undifferentiated economic beings defined
only by their class identity. Space, however, has to be animated to be
meaningful. Through participant observation and semi-structured
interviews I explore the plantations as actual lived spaces where people
are bound by and resist constraints. Multiple intersecting identities play
out within these social spaces making them ethnic, religious, and caste
spaces in addition to being gendered. Focusing on these intersectional
identities, I demonstrate how region, ethnicity, party affiliation, caste,
religion are played out and how they are invoked at certain points by the
women workers. The articulations of identity not only determine a sense
of belonging or non-belonging to a space but also how one belongs.
Within the physical sites of the plantation, I examine how the women
perceive these spaces and how, in moving between ideas of home/world,
public/private, these very binaries are negated. The strict sexual division
of labour primarily in the workplace but also in the household and
villages inscribe the physical sites with certain gendered meanings and
performances. The women negotiate these in their everyday lives and
shape these spaces even as they are shaped by them. Conditioned by
gender norms and the resultant hierarchy their narratives can be read as
stories of deprivation and misery, but looking deeper their agency can
also be uncovered. The lives of my research participants show how the
social spaces within which they operate are not static; in spite of spatial
controls there are the many minute acts of resistance through which the
women work the existing restraints to their least disadvantage. Focussing
on the minute acts of insubordination, deceit and even confrontation I
elucidate how the women made use of the relations of subordination to
pave spaces of resistance and sometimes even of autonomy. Furthermore,
not all acts of agency are minute or unspectacular. I map instances of
highly visible, volatile and aggressive protests apparently challenging the
accepted social codes within which they function. In expressing
themselves, the women use the available political repertories of protest in
forms of strikes, blockades, street plays, etc. Through these instances of
activism they appropriate and become visible in the public realm and
challenge the accepted ways in which social spaces and norms play out.
Despite their articulate nature, these protests usually seek to address
immediate demands and do not escalate into social movements. Also
while volatile in action, the protests seek legitimacy within the accepted
gender codes that operate in their everyday life in the plantation
Solidarities in and through Resistance: Rethinking Alliance-Building through Protests in Plantations in India
No full textThe tea plantations of Dooars in West Bengal, India are among the primary tea growing belts in the country. The 2000s saw a crisis in the plantation sector with the closing down of some of the plantations and curtailed operation in others coupled with traditionally low wages in the sector. The paper uses this moment of crisis of livelihood to interrogate resistance and solidarity. Focussing on three protests — one organised by trade unions, another by social movement organisation and the third by the women workers of the plantation, the paper looks to understand the divergences and convergences between the three. How are intersectional alliances formed and what part of one’s identity is foregrounded in such alliances? Who owns protest movements? How does language of protests differ across these? How does the neo liberal state interact with such challenges to its authority? Social movement literature tends to focus on how professional activists create coalitions to strengthen movements. Through the ethnography of the three protests, this article suggests ways in which activists are also produced by movements. It asks can collective actions energized through affective bonds achieve ends which institutional social arrangements are constrained from striving for
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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