428 research outputs found
FIGURE 1. A in Treatise on the Isoptera of the World
No full textFIGURE 1. A. Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné), the founder of taxonomy; B. Pierre A. Latreille, author of the family Termitidae; C. Charles De Geer, French naturalist; D. Johann C. Fabricius, Danish entomologist and one of the more successful "apostles" of Linnaeus.Published as part of <i>Krishna, Kumar, Grimaldi, David A., Krishna, Valerie & Engel, Michael S., 2013, Treatise on the Isoptera of the World, pp. 200-623 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2704 (377)</i> on page 12, DOI: 10.1206/377.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10113630">http://zenodo.org/record/10113630</a>
Behavioral Subtyping in Object-Oriented Languages
Get PDFdata types, modules, packages; F.3.1 [Logics and Meanings of Programs] Specifying and Verifying and Reasoning about Programs --- logics of programs, pre- and post-conditions, theory A version of this technical report is published as the author's doctoral dissertation. c fl Copyright 1997 by Krishna Kishore Dhara All rights reserved. Department of Computer Science 226 Atanasoff Hall Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 50011-1040, USA ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1 1.1 Problem : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 2 1.1.1 Reasoning problem and behavioral subtyping : : : : : : : : : : 2 1.1.2 Aliasing and behavioral subtyping : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 4 1.2 Overview of the solutions : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 6 1.2.1 Different notions of behavioral subtyping : : : : : : : : : : : : 6 1.2.2 Semantic conditions : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 7 1.2.3 "..
Universal Oneness as the Ulterior Motive of the Incarnation of Radha and Krishna
Get PDFMy Affair with Radha, the debut work of Kunal Desai is the dedication to his readers who firmly believe in the divine couple Radha and Krishna. The intention of the author was to spread the awareness of the significance of divine love to the world through the example of Radha and Krishna who remain to be the epitome of transcendental oneness. The human life that has been influenced in multiple ways throughout the life time, fails to overcome the temptations and eventually ends up in misery. A solution to all the misery in the world is to experience the feeling of oneness from within, which uplifts the individual from selfishness to selflessness and eventually the individual feels empathy towards all things. A world with such human beings with the feeling of oneness, will obviously be in harmony and without any miseries.
 
FIGURE 12. A in Treatise on the Isoptera of the World
No full textFIGURE 12. A. The University of California, Berkeley's Faculty of Zoology in 1944, with three illustrious contributors to termite systematics, biology, and evolution among its staff: Charles A. Kofoid, Harold Kirby, and Sol F. Light. Front row (left to right): Richard Goldschmidt, S.J. Holmes, Kofoid, H.B. Torrey, and Kirby. Second row: E. Raymond Hall, J.E. Gullberg, Alden H. Miller, Light, and S. C. Brooks. Third row: Ray L. Watterson and Richard M. Eakin. B. Laura Hare, author of the Nasutitermitinae, the largest subfamily of termites.Published as part of <i>Krishna, Kumar, Grimaldi, David A., Krishna, Valerie & Engel, Michael S., 2013, Treatise on the Isoptera of the World, pp. 200-623 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2704 (377)</i> on page 31, DOI: 10.1206/377.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10113630">http://zenodo.org/record/10113630</a>
The economic effects of minimum import prices : with an application to Uruguay
Get PDFBy increasing the costs of imports, minimum unit import reference prices not only generate the usual distortions one expects from tariff protection but add new ones that a pure tariff system would not generate. Reference prices substantially reduce the price gap between imports with prices above and below the reference price. By making cheap imports relatively more expensive than expensive imports, reference prices affect quality in three ways that appear not to have been analyzed before: 1) they can induce foreign firms to shift toward more expensive exports to the country with reference prices; 2) they can induce domestic producers in that country to shift production toward lower-quality, cheaper goods; and 3) because this decreases the relative price of the expensive varieties, domestic consumers may lean toward buying more expensive goods. Using the case of Uruguay, the authors estimate what protection the reference price procedures provide for Uruguayan industries and analyze how this protection affects Uruguay's economy. The authors show that the reference and minimum export price procedures impose floor prices on imports that cover more than a third of value added in Uruguayan manufacturing. These systems jeopardize trade liberalization efforts by creating the impression that tariff cuts are greater than they really are. These systems also create massive distortions between the relative domestic prices of imported goods above and below the floor prices.Environmental Economics&Policies,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Economic Theory&Research,Markets and Market Access,Access to Markets
High-frequency (f_RF> 1 GHz) Acousto-Optic modulation using a doubly resonant cavity in a MEMS foundry platform
No full textAcousto-Optic Modulators (AOM) have been used for a wide variety of signal processing application. Traditionally, they are built with bulk materials (e.g. crystal quartz, tellurium dioxide, and fused silica), which limit their operational frequency to below 300MHz. In addition, the absence of a CMOS foundry-compatible process has prevented the scalable integration, mass production, and design complexity achieved by integrated photonic devices. An effcient high-frequency AOM can be the building block for different applications, such as a high-speed spatial light modulator with tens of MHz bandwidth, or a viable free space optical interconnect link between processors and memory that meets the stringent energy and bandwidth constraints. We report the operation of an AOM with operation frequency between 300 MHz and 3.5 GHz realized by MEMS foundry (Piezo-MUMPS) platform. Preliminary results on the detection of weak RF signal is reported
High-frequency, resonant acousto-optic modulators fabricated in a MEMS foundry platform
Get PDFWe report the design and characterization of high-frequency, resonant acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) in a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) foundry process. The doubly resonant cavity design, with short (L ∼10.5 μm) acoustic and optical cavity lengths, allows us to measure acousto-optic modulation at GHz frequencies with high modulation efficiency. In contrast to traditional AOMs, these devices rely on the perturbation induced by the displacement of cavity boundaries, which can be significantly enhanced in a suspended geometry. This platform can serve as the building block for fast 2D spatial light modulators, low-cost integrated free-space optical links, and optically enhanced low-noise RF receivers.</p
Land markets, Property rights, and Deforestation: Insights from Indonesia
Get PDFWe examine the emergence of land markets and their effects on forest land appropriation by farm households in Jambi Province, Sumatra, using micro-level data covering land use and land transactions for a period of more than 20 years (1992 2015). Based on a theoretical model of land acquisition by a heterogeneous farming population, different hypotheses are developed and empirically tested. Farm households involved in forest land appropriation differ from those involved in land market purchases in terms of migration status and other socioeconomic characteristics. In principle, these differences provide opportunities for market-induced deforestation. However, the appropriated forest land is not extensively traded, which we attribute to the lack of de jure property right protection and the resulting undervaluation in the market. While the de facto property right protection under customary law provides sufficient security within the village community, the sense of external tenure security is low when the land cannot be formally titled. Clearing forests for trading in the land market is, therefore, financially less lucrative for farm households than engaging in own cultivation of plantation crops, such as oil palm and rubber. We conclude that land markets did not have significant effects on deforestation. On the other hand, the emergence of land markets alone has also not been able to deter forest appropriation by local farm households. (c) 2017 The Author(s)This study was undertaken as part of the research project SFB 990.Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems, Sumatra (Indonesia)- (EFForTS) funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG)
Using electrical resistance asymmetries to infer the geometric shapes of foundry patterned nanophotonic structures
No full textWhile silicon photonics has leveraged the nanofabrication tools and
techniques from the microelectronics industry, it has also inherited the
metrological methods from the same. Photonics fabrication is inherently
different from microelectronics in its intrinsic sensitivity to 3D shape and
geometry, especially in a high-index contrast platform like
silicon-on-insulator. In this work, we show that electrical resistance
measurements can in principle be used to infer the geometry of such
nanophotonic structures and reconstruct the micro-loading curves of foundry
etch processes. We implement our ideas to infer 3D geometries from a standard
silicon photonics foundry and discuss some of the potential sources of error
that need to be calibrated out to improve the reconstruction accuracy.Comment: 14 pages (single side), 8 figures. Comments welcome !!
Piezo-optomechanical signal transduction using Lamb wave supermodes in a suspended Gallium Arsenide photonic integrated circuits platform
No full textPiezoelectric optomechanical platforms present one of the most promising
routes towards efficient transduction of signals from the microwave to the
optical frequency domains. New device architectures need to be developed in
order to achieve the stringent requirements for building efficient quantum
transducers. In this work, we utilize the mechanical supermode principle to
improve the overall microwave to optical transduction efficiency, by
fabricating Lamb wave resonators that are hybridized with the mechanical
breathing modes of a rib waveguide in a suspended gallium arsenide (GaAs)
photonic integrated circuits (PIC) platform. Combining the strong elasto-optic
interactions available in GaAs with the increased phonon injection efficiency
enabled by this architecture, we demonstrate signal transduction up to 7 GHz,
and an increase in transduction efficiency by 25 for the
hybridized mode ( 2 GHz), using this approach. We also outline
routes for improving device performance to enable quantum transduction within
this platform.Comment: v2: updated efficiency calculations, added additional datasets and 3D
FEM simulations of the supermod
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