1,354,555 research outputs found
[Prefazione a ] Chiusi città ferroviaria, libro di Sebastiano Ballone
No full textLe città ferroviarie, cioè nate o cresciute attorno agli scali ferroviari, sono oggetto di studio a livello internazionale. Sebastiano Ballone ha analizzato il caso di Chiusi Scalo, che la prefazione contestualizza nel periodo analizzato
Structure and dynamics of biomembranes in room-temperature ionic liquid water solutions studied by neutron scattering and by molecular dynamics simulations
No full textIncreasing attention is being devoted to the interaction of a new class of organic ionic liquids known as room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) with biomolecules, partly because of health and environment concerns, and, even more, for the prospect of exciting new applications in biomedicine, sensing and energy technologies. Here we focus on the interaction between RTILs and phospholipid bilayers that are well-accepted models for bio-membranes. We discuss how neutron scattering has been used to probe both the structure and the dynamics of these systems, and how its integration with molecular dynamics simulation has allowed the determination of the microscopic details of their interaction
Author Correction: The endocannabinoid hydrolase FAAH is an allosteric enzyme (Scientific Reports, (2020), 10, 1, (2292), 10.1038/s41598-020-59120-1)
No full textIn the original version of this Article, Alice Ballone was incorrectly affiliated with ‘Faculty of Biosciences, and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy’. The correct affiliation is listed below. Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), University of Pompeu Fabra and Icrea, Barcelona, Spain. This error has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article
CROP COEFFICIENT (Kc) DETERMINATION IN SPRINKLER IRRIGATED RICE
No full textExperimental trials were carried out in Sardinia in 2002 and 2003, in order to obtain first information on kc values at different phenological stages in sprinkler irrigated rice; in 2003 the trials differed for the sowing date.
An equipment recording soil moisture content every 10 cm up to 100 cm depth was used to obtain the water balance for the first soil layers. Result analysis highlighted that the layer up to 20 cm covers about 80 % of the crop water requirements for the whole cycle.
The results show a variability particularly related to the meteorological trend during the trials. Crop coefficient ranged between 0.2 and 0.75 (estimated value) for the initial stage (Kcini), between 0.85 and 1.0 for mid season stage (Kcmid) and was 0.2 for late season (Kcend)
Roots system development in flooded and sprinkler irrigated rice cultivars
No full textOne of the most important factors to obtain high yield is a good root system development.
The exploration of a greater soil mass allows a higher water and nutrient uptake and increases crop yield. Numerous authors noticed a significant correlation between yield and root system dimension.
The growing environment, and therefore the agronomic technique, affect root system
development.
Traditionally rice is grown by flooded irrigation that, due to oxygen lack in deep soil layers, brings to a low root system deepening. In upland rice, where the growing does not take place with continuous flooding, some authors noticed a good root system development.
A comparison trial, with national and selected for upland conditions rice cultivars, was carried
out to evaluate root system development adopting both traditional flooded irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. Root density was determined by Newman method for different soil depths.
Results highlight a greater root density in flooded crop in comparison to sprinkler irrigation.
The higher yield obtained with sprinkler irrigation, even higher than flooding irrigation, suggest a greater efficiency of the root system in water and nutrient uptake in oxidized environment
Forming Circumnuclear Disks and Rings in Galactic Nuclei: A Competition Between Supermassive Black Hole and Nuclear Star Cluster
No full textWe investigate the formation of circumnuclear gas structures from the tidal disruption of molecular clouds in galactic nuclei by means of smoothed-particle hydrodynamics simulations. We model galactic nuclei as composed of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) and a nuclear star cluster (NSC), and consider different mass ratios between the two components. We find that the relative masses of the SMBH and the NSC have a deep impact on the morphology of the circumnuclear gas. Extended disks form only inside the sphere of influence of the SMBH. In contrast, compact rings naturally form outside the SMBH's sphere of influence, where the gravity is dominated by the NSC. This result is in agreement with the properties of the Milky Ways circumnuclear ring, which orbits outside the SMBH sphere of influence. Our results indicate that compact circumnuclear rings can naturally form outside the SMBH sphere of influence
Computational analysis of the effect of [Tea][Ms] and [Tea][H2PO4] ionic liquids on the structure and stability of Aβ(17-42) amyloid fibrils
No full textExperimental studies have reported the possibility of affecting the growth/dissolution of amyloid fibres by the addition of organic salts of the room-temperature ionic-liquid family, raising the tantalizing prospect of controlling these processes under physiological conditions. The effect of [Tea][Ms] and [Tea][H2PO4] at various concentrations on the structure and stability of a simple model of Aβ42 fibrils has been investigated by computational means. Free energy computations show that both [Tea][Ms] and [Tea][H2PO4] decrease the stability of fibrils with respect to isolated peptides in solution, and the effect is significantly stronger for [Tea][Ms]. The secondary structure of fibrils is not much affected, but single peptides in solution show a marked decrease in their β-strand character and an increase in α-propensity, again especially for [Tea][Ms]. These observations, consistent with the experimental picture, can be traced to two primary effects,i.e., the difference in the ionicity of the [Tea][Ms] and [Tea][H2PO4] water solutions and the remarkable affinity of peptides for [Ms]−anions, due to the multiplicity of H-bonds
Weighing the IMBH candidate CO-0.40-0.22* in the Galactic Centre
No full textThe high velocity gradient observed in the compact cloud CO-0.40-0.22, at a projected distance of 60 pc from the centre of the Milky Way, has led its discoverers to identify the closeby mm continuum emitter, CO-0.40-0.22*, with an intermediate mass black hole (IMBH) candidate. We describe the interaction between CO-0.40-0.22 and the IMBH, by means of a simple analytical model and of hydrodynamical simulations. Through such calculation, we obtain a lower limit to the mass of CO-0.40-0.22* of few 104×M⊙. This result tends to exclude the formation of such massive black hole in the proximity of the Galactic Centre. On the other hand, CO-0.40-0.22* might have been brought to such distances in cosmological time-scales, if it was born in a dark matter halo or globular cluster around the Milky Way
Water use and crop coefficients in sprinkler irrigated rice
No full textAbstract
Field experiments were carried out during the years 2002, 2004, 2005 and 2006 to analyze water-soil-atmosphere in- teractions in sprinkler irrigated rice. The research was carried out in Sardinia (39o59’ N; 8o40’ E, at altitude 15 m). The cultivars used in the experiments, respectively in 2002 and in 2004-2005-2006, were Irat 212 and Eurosis. In each year cultivars were subjected to the same crop management. Irrigation was applied since the emergence with the sprinkler method, taking into account the loss of water from ‘Class A’ pan evaporation. Soil water content was monitored at 0.10 m intervals until 1.00-m depth using a ‘Diviner 2000’ (Sentek). In 2002 seven irrigation schedul- ing treatments were compared. In 2004, 2005, 2006 irrigation treatments provided for optimal soil water conditions during the growing season.
In 2002 the results highlighted: 1) 0-0.20 m depth was the most important layer for crop water uptake and the best correlated layer with rice rough yield; 2) the positive relationship between yield and water supply was significant until 6500 m3 ha-1 of water applied. Further seasonal irrigation volumes did not increase significantly yield. In 2004, 2005 and 2006 the analysis of the soil water balance at different crop phenological stages allowed to esti- mate crop coefficients (Kc) using the Penman-Monteith equation and the ‘Class A’ pan evaporation (Kcev).
Kc varied over the three-year period on average from 0.90 to 1.07 and 0.97, respectively for the emergence-end of tillering, end of tillering-heading and heading-maturing periods, while crop coefficients as a ratio between maximum crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and Epan, Kcev ranged from 0.78 to 0.92 and 0.81 for the same time periods
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