1,720,955 research outputs found
Metanalisis: Impacto sobre el aparato respiratorio de trabajadores expuestos a Contaminacion Urbana
No full textLa contaminación atmosférica puede definirse como cualquier cambio en el aire de la atmósfera, debido a la introducción de una o más sustancias en cantidades y con tales características como para dañar o constituir un peligro para la salud humana o la calidad del medio ambiente o pueda perjudicar la propiedad o poner en peligro los usos legítimos del medio ambiente. En los países industrializados, las principales fuentes antropogénicas de los contaminantes del aire son: El tráfico de vehículos , Sistemas de calefacción domésticos, Las actividades industriales. La incineración y combustión de residuos, Centrales termoeléctricas de carbon y Actividades Nucleares . Todas ellas tienen impacto sobre la salud humana
El presente trabajo se propone realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica sobre los efectos crónicos en el sistema respiratorio en los trabajadores laboralmente expuestos a la contaminación urbana, con el fin de verificar:la efectividad de las intervenciones preventivas para los grupos de trabajadores que ya están sujetos a la vigilancia de la salud y la necesidad de extender estos programas para proteger la salud también a otras categorías.
Para ello se efectuó una revisión sistemática conforme el modelo de metanalisis de todos los artículos publicados desde enero 1988 hasta dicembre 2013 recogidos con los siguientes motores de búsqueda en línea: PubMed, Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM),MedlinePlus, NIOSHTIC-2,TOXLINE. BioMedCentral y Scopus.(1073 articulos).
Se encontraron correlaciones significativas respecto de: prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios, disminución de la funcionalidad respiratoria, inflamación de la vía aérea y prevalencia de enfermedades respiratorias en trabajadores expuestos laboralmente.
Los resultados muestran, la necesidad de proteger a todos los trabajadores expuestos con programas específicos de prevención y la necesidad de mejorar los programas para proteger la salud de los trabajadores a través de una cuidadosa evaluación del riesgo, la utilización de equipos de protección personal (en caso necesario) y la implementación de programas de vigilancia de la salud
Working over 5,000 m: medical check-up
No full textQualsiasi attività lavorativa ad altitudini superiori a 3.000 m dal livello del mare è considerata lavoro in alta quota. Il cambiamento delle condizioni ambientali porta ad un adattamento dell’organismo umano principalmente per la riduzione della pressione parziale di ossigeno nell’aria e la riduzione proporzionale di pressione barometrica. La nostra ricerca ha effettuato una revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica al fine di elaborare un protocollo sanitario e di rischio e una procedura di salita per ricercatori-lavoratori che prestano servizio in un laboratorio di ricerca scientifica, che si trova ad un’altitudine di 5.100 m. Si evidenzia il ruolo fondamentale della Medicina del lavoro per la predisposizione di un protocollo medico atto a valutare l’idoneità del personale, relativo alla permanenza dei lavoratori in ambienti che presentano elevati rischi per la salute come in questo caso, ed un protocollo di salita che riduca il rischio legato alle variazioni di altitudine.Any work activity performed at elevations over 3,000 m above sea level is considered as work at high altitude. The changing environmental conditions result in an adaptation of the human organism, mainly due to a reduced partial pressure of oxygen in the air and a proportional decrease in barometric pressure.
We carried out a systematic review of the scientific literature in this field so as to develop a health and risk protocol as well as a procedure of ascent for researchers and staff expected to work in a science research lab at an altitude of 5,100 m asl.
We wish to highlight the crucial role that occupational medicine plays in the formulation of a medical protocol used to assess the suitability of staff to work in environments posing high risks to human health, as in this case, and of a protocol of ascent minimizing the risk associated with changes in altitud
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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