1,720,954 research outputs found
Compensation for slavery in 1848? : the case of free people of color slaveowners
No full textEn 1848, la France abolit l’esclavage pour la seconde fois. Dans le même temps, elle accorde par l’article 5 du décret du 27 avril une indemnité aux « colons dépossédés ». Ces derniers en avaient en effet posé le principe comme une condition à l'abolition. Lorsque les bureaux de l’indemnité coloniale ouvrent à la Martinique à la fin de l’année 1849, ils ne sont pourtant pas les seuls à venir s'y présenter pour réclamer leurs droits. Parmi les propriétaires se trouvent également des milliers de libres de couleur – affranchis ou descendants d’affranchis –. Eux aussi ont des intérêts à faire valoir, et plus généralement des comptes à régler avec l’institution esclavagiste et ce qu’elle avait produit en termes d’inégalités. Ce travail de thèse analyse, à rebours de l’indemnisation, la question de la propriété servile et de l’enjeu de l’abolition pour ce groupe hétérogène en équilibre sur le système esclavagiste.Abstract In 1848, France abolished slavery for the second time. At the same time, article 5 of the decree of April 27 granted compensation to former slave owners. The latter had made this a condition of abolition. When the colonial indemnity offices opened in Martinique at the end of 1849, thousands of people turned up to claim their compensation. Among the owners were thousands of free people of color – freedmen or descendants of freedmen – . They too had interests to assert, and more generally, accounts to settle with the institution of slavery and what it had produced in terms of inequality. This thesis analyzes the question of servile property and what was at stake in abolition for this heterogeneous group, which was in equilibrium with the slave system
L’indemnité coloniale de 1849 : Mise en place à répartition en Martinique et en Guadeloupe
Get PDFWhen the French government abolished slavery in 1848, it also awarded financial compensation to former slave owners in the colonies. The law of April 30, 1849 and its implementation by the order of November 24, 1849 distributed 126 million francs among a diverse group of individuals. An analysis of the demographic make up of this group undermines the notion that slave owners were necessarily male and “White.” Using a comprehensive and digitized list of individuals who received compensation in Martinique and Guadeloupe, which contains nearly 6,000 names, this article assesses the involvement of women and free people of colour who owned enslaved people in 1848.Lorsqu’en 1848 le gouvernement français met un terme à l’esclavage, il se donne aussi pour ordre d’indemniser les anciens propriétaires des colonies. Grâce à la loi du 30 avril 1849 et à son décret d’application du 24 novembre 1849, 126 millions de francs ont ainsi été attribués à des milliers d’individus, dont la diversité insoupçonnée tend à ébranler certains « mythes » construits autour de la figure du propriétaire comme étant nécessairement homme et « blanc ». Les listes exhaustives et informatisées des indemnitaires de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe, qui recensent près de 6 000 noms, permettent en effet de produire des statistiques sur les femmes et les libres de couleur propriétaires d’esclaves en 1848
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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