1,721,089 research outputs found
Cruells W., Mateiciucová I. and Nieuwenhuyse O. (eds.) 2017. Painting Pots – Painting People: Late Neolithic Ceramics in Ancient Mesopotamia. Oxford and Philadelphia: Oxbow Books
No full textBaldi Johnny Samuele. Cruells W., Mateiciucová I. and Nieuwenhuyse O. (eds.) 2017. Painting Pots – Painting People: Late Neolithic Ceramics in Ancient Mesopotamia. Oxford and Philadelphia: Oxbow Books. In: Paléorient, 2018, vol. 44, n°1. pp. 167-168
A ceramic tale for three oikumenai from the Qara Dagh area (Iraqi Kurdistan)
No full textAbout twelve years ago, by paraphrasing Charles Dickens, G. Stein and R. Özbal wrote a very inspiring article – “A tale of two oikumenai” – about Ubaid and Uruk origins and expansions. Later, a third main “oikumene” in Ancient Near Eastern history is represented by the emergence of the first empires. Since 2015, the French archaeological mission in the Qara Dagh area (Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraqi Kurdistan) offers new and unsuspected information about these three dynamics of contact between southern and northern Mesopotamia. The ceramic analysis suggests a reassessment of the emergence of these three global phenomena picturing a multifaceted image of relations between the North and the South as far as mobility of things and people, respective technical identities as well as modalities of their cultural and economic contacts. The analysis of the ceramic chaînes opératoires in their spatial contexts allowed us to encompass the stylistic approach in a more comprehensive procedure aiming at recognizing distinct technical traditions and, therefore, the underlying groups of producers, with their specificities and reciprocal relations. Each “oikumene” constitutes a historical process characterized by its own mechanisms. But simplistic dichotomies between northern and southern people or “cultures” appear to be misleading and ineffective to describe intricate realities that, since the very beginning of the proto-urban phase, never evolve in a separate way. In this sense, compared to the better-known western portion of the Mesopotamian alluvium (the Euphrates basin), the region east of the Tigris river seems to question the traditional schematic division between North and South
A Ceramic Tale of Three Oikumenai from the Qara Dagh Area (Iraqi Kurdistan)
No full textAbout a decade ago, by paraphrasing Charles Dickens, G. Stein and R. Özbal wrote a very inspiring article – “A tale of two oikumenai” – about Ubaid and Uruk origins and expansions. Later, a third main “oikumene” in Ancient Near Eastern history is represented by the emergence of the first empires. Since 2015, the French archaeological mission in the Qara Dagh area (Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraqi Kurdistan), directed by Régis Vallet, offers new and unsuspected information about these three dynamics of contact between southern and northern Mesopotamia. The first “oikumene”, consisting in the diffusion of the Ubaid horizon, can be documented as a very early (during the first half of the 6th millennium BC) process of acculturation gradually fashioning a new material way of life by intertwining southern and northern traditions.
On the one hand, Halaf and Ubaid appear as entities that cannot be essentialized as mere cultural packages, while on the other hand they both have close ties with other entities (as the Samarra). The Uruk “oikumene” is documented in the Qara Dagh three centuries earlier than previously thought. Since the beginning of the 4th millennium BC, it is attested by a stone ramp leading to a citadel, by a monumental building, a village with domestic structures and by large craft areas. But, from a ceramic point of view, the supposed inconsistency between northern Late Chalcolithic and southern Uruk productions does not appear as an obvious reality, but rather as an ongoing evolution due to complex relationships between two traditions emerging from a widely shared post-Ubaid substrate.
Eventually, the appearance of the Akkadian and Ur III empires can be observed from the unique perspective of a sequence of huge ceramic workshop all along the second half of the 3rd millennium BC. Since the Early Dynastic III phase, both the spatial organization of the production units and the technical features of the assemblage reveal a progressive change in scale, intensity and organization of a more and more centralized and homogeneous production, intended for a regional-based distribution.
The ceramic analysis suggests a reassessment of the emergence of these three global phenomena picturing (at least concerning the area east of the Tigris river) a multifaceted image of relations between the North and the South as far as mobility of things and people, respective technical identities as well as modalities of their cultural and economic contacts. The analysis of the ceramic chaînes opératoires in their spatial contexts allowed us to encompass the stylistic approach in a more comprehensive procedure aiming at recognizing distinct technical traditions and, therefore, the underlying groups of producers, with their specificities and reciprocal relations.
Obviously, each “oikumene” constitutes an historical process characterized by its own dynamics. And, at this level, the technical-spatial analysis of the ceramic traditions offers new insights on specific mechanisms. But, more in general, simplistic dichotomies between northern and southern people or “cultures” appear to be misleading and ineffective to describe intricate realities that, since the very beginning of the proto-urban phase, never evolve in a separate way. In this sense, compared to the better known western portion of the Mesopotamian alluvium (the Euphrates basin), the region east of the Tigris river seems to question the traditional schematic division between North and South
Delineating the End of a World: Reassessing the Ubaid/post-Ubaid Transition in Greater Mesopotamia
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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